TY  - CONF
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Cincović, Marko
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Đoković, Radojica
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Nakov, Dimitar
PY  - 2023-10
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/901
AB  - In recent years, numerous plans and programs, instructions,
recommendations, scientific opinions, analyses, reports, best practices, regulations,
codes of practices and assurance schemes have been published in publications
which were not published in journals and symposiums proceedings that consider
indicators of welfare and stress of the animals on cattle and pig farms intending to
improve their health and productivity. These indicators were created mainly as
results of research in numerous national and international projects. Mentioned
projects consider key indicators and prescribe on-farm assessments of animal
welfare and stress in cattle and pig farms. In the assessments of the welfare and
stress of the animals in different systems of keeping and accommodation, the need
to determine new welfare and stress indicators on cattle and pig farms was
observed. The publications about plans and programs, instructions,
recommendations, scientific opinions, analysis, reports, best practices, regulations,
code of practices and assurance schemes related to animal welfare and stress
contain numerous indicators. The analysis of these publications aims to determine
the main characteristics of the existing and to generate ideas to define new welfare
and stress indicators of the animals on cattle and pig farms.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
C3  - Proceedings of 14th International Symposium „Modern Trends In Livestock Production“
T1  - DETERMINATION OF NEW WELFARE AND STRESS INDICATORS OF THE ANIMALS ON CATTLE AND PIG FARMS BASED ON DIFFERENT PUBLICATIONS
SP  - 157
EP  - 167
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_901
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Hristov, Slavča and Cincović, Marko and Stanković, Branislav and Đoković, Radojica and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Samolovac, Ljiljana and Nakov, Dimitar",
year = "2023-10",
abstract = "In recent years, numerous plans and programs, instructions,
recommendations, scientific opinions, analyses, reports, best practices, regulations,
codes of practices and assurance schemes have been published in publications
which were not published in journals and symposiums proceedings that consider
indicators of welfare and stress of the animals on cattle and pig farms intending to
improve their health and productivity. These indicators were created mainly as
results of research in numerous national and international projects. Mentioned
projects consider key indicators and prescribe on-farm assessments of animal
welfare and stress in cattle and pig farms. In the assessments of the welfare and
stress of the animals in different systems of keeping and accommodation, the need
to determine new welfare and stress indicators on cattle and pig farms was
observed. The publications about plans and programs, instructions,
recommendations, scientific opinions, analysis, reports, best practices, regulations,
code of practices and assurance schemes related to animal welfare and stress
contain numerous indicators. The analysis of these publications aims to determine
the main characteristics of the existing and to generate ideas to define new welfare
and stress indicators of the animals on cattle and pig farms.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia",
journal = "Proceedings of 14th International Symposium „Modern Trends In Livestock Production“",
title = "DETERMINATION OF NEW WELFARE AND STRESS INDICATORS OF THE ANIMALS ON CATTLE AND PIG FARMS BASED ON DIFFERENT PUBLICATIONS",
pages = "157-167",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_901"
}

Hristov, S., Cincović, M., Stanković, B., Đoković, R., Ostojić Andrić, D., Samolovac, L.,& Nakov, D.. (2023-10). DETERMINATION OF NEW WELFARE AND STRESS INDICATORS OF THE ANIMALS ON CATTLE AND PIG FARMS BASED ON DIFFERENT PUBLICATIONS. in Proceedings of 14th International Symposium „Modern Trends In Livestock Production“
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia., 157-167.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_901

Hristov S, Cincović M, Stanković B, Đoković R, Ostojić Andrić D, Samolovac L, Nakov D. DETERMINATION OF NEW WELFARE AND STRESS INDICATORS OF THE ANIMALS ON CATTLE AND PIG FARMS BASED ON DIFFERENT PUBLICATIONS. in Proceedings of 14th International Symposium „Modern Trends In Livestock Production“. 2023;:157-167.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_901 .

Hristov, Slavča, Cincović, Marko, Stanković, Branislav, Đoković, Radojica, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Samolovac, Ljiljana, Nakov, Dimitar, "DETERMINATION OF NEW WELFARE AND STRESS INDICATORS OF THE ANIMALS ON CATTLE AND PIG FARMS BASED ON DIFFERENT PUBLICATIONS" in Proceedings of 14th International Symposium „Modern Trends In Livestock Production“ (2023-10):157-167,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_901 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Nakov, Dimitar
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://niv.ns.ac.rs/e-avm/index.php/e-avm/article/view/316/273
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/888
AB  - In  this  review  paper,  hygienic  procedures  before,  during  and  aft er cow  milking  are  discussed.  Th   e  procedures  for  maintaining  hygienic  ud-ders before and aft  er milking, as well as maintaining the hygiene of milking units  are  described.  Th   e  description  includes  the  maintenance  of  milker’s  hand hygiene, udder disinfection and udder disinfection aft er milking. It is pointed out that these milking procedures should be carried out in a clean environment  and  without  any  disturbance  to  cows.  In  addition,  the  need  to control the implementation of these hygiene measures is emphasized. A proper way of carrying out the hygienic procedures essentially contributes to reduction of the number of microorganisms and the number of somatic cells  in  milk,  the  frequency  of  occurrence  of  mastitis,  which  signifi cantly aff ects quality of milk and health of milking cows.
T2  - Arhiv veterinarske medicine
T1  - HYGIENE PROCEDURES BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER COW MILKING
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SP  - 5
EP  - 15
DO  - 10.46784/e-avm.v16i1.316
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Hristov, Slavča and Stanković, Branislav and Samolovac, Ljiljana and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Nakov, Dimitar",
year = "2023",
abstract = "In  this  review  paper,  hygienic  procedures  before,  during  and  aft er cow  milking  are  discussed.  Th   e  procedures  for  maintaining  hygienic  ud-ders before and aft  er milking, as well as maintaining the hygiene of milking units  are  described.  Th   e  description  includes  the  maintenance  of  milker’s  hand hygiene, udder disinfection and udder disinfection aft er milking. It is pointed out that these milking procedures should be carried out in a clean environment  and  without  any  disturbance  to  cows.  In  addition,  the  need  to control the implementation of these hygiene measures is emphasized. A proper way of carrying out the hygienic procedures essentially contributes to reduction of the number of microorganisms and the number of somatic cells  in  milk,  the  frequency  of  occurrence  of  mastitis,  which  signifi cantly aff ects quality of milk and health of milking cows.",
journal = "Arhiv veterinarske medicine",
title = "HYGIENE PROCEDURES BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER COW MILKING",
volume = "16",
number = "1",
pages = "5-15",
doi = "10.46784/e-avm.v16i1.316"
}

Hristov, S., Stanković, B., Samolovac, L., Ostojić Andrić, D.,& Nakov, D.. (2023). HYGIENE PROCEDURES BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER COW MILKING. in Arhiv veterinarske medicine, 16(1), 5-15.
https://doi.org/10.46784/e-avm.v16i1.316

Hristov S, Stanković B, Samolovac L, Ostojić Andrić D, Nakov D. HYGIENE PROCEDURES BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER COW MILKING. in Arhiv veterinarske medicine. 2023;16(1):5-15.
doi:10.46784/e-avm.v16i1.316 .

Hristov, Slavča, Stanković, Branislav, Samolovac, Ljiljana, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Nakov, Dimitar, "HYGIENE PROCEDURES BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER COW MILKING" in Arhiv veterinarske medicine, 16, no. 1 (2023):5-15,
https://doi.org/10.46784/e-avm.v16i1.316 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Stamenić, Tamara
AU  - Petričević, Maja
AU  - Lazarević, Marina
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
PY  - 2022-10-06
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/840
AB  - Contact with a breeder is extremely important for the welfare of calves in the first month of life. 
In the intensive way of raising cattle, it is increasingly difficult to establish a good relationship
between breeders and animals. The authors defined 12 criteria for assessing animal welfare, 
which they classify into four groups, one of which is good behaviour in terms of social and other 
forms of behaviour and a good human-animal relationship. This implies the absence of fear 
because fear is an important animal welfare problem. The attitude of farmers towards calves in 
the first month of life was examined on two farms with an intensive production system. The 
relationship of humanstocalves was assessed using the test of approach and touch. Farmers 
competence assessments on the surveyed farms were satisfactory. It is characteristic of both 
farms that breeders who handle calves do not have a formal education in the field in which they 
work. Accordingly, their knowledge and skills are based on many years of work experience.The 
approach and touch test indicated a positive relationship between breeders and calves. The 
largest number of calves allowed approaching 1 or 2 steps, and a significant number also allowed 
touch, while a negligible number of calves avoided eye contact, as the most unfavourable type of 
contact.
PB  - Faculty of Agriculture,  East Sarajevo
C3  - University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia
T1  - Human -animal relationship as factor of calf welfare in the first month of life
SP  - 1029
EP  - 1034
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_840
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Samolovac, Ljiljana and Hristov, Slavča and Nikšić, Dragan and Stamenić, Tamara and Petričević, Maja and Lazarević, Marina and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica",
year = "2022-10-06",
abstract = "Contact with a breeder is extremely important for the welfare of calves in the first month of life. 
In the intensive way of raising cattle, it is increasingly difficult to establish a good relationship
between breeders and animals. The authors defined 12 criteria for assessing animal welfare, 
which they classify into four groups, one of which is good behaviour in terms of social and other 
forms of behaviour and a good human-animal relationship. This implies the absence of fear 
because fear is an important animal welfare problem. The attitude of farmers towards calves in 
the first month of life was examined on two farms with an intensive production system. The 
relationship of humanstocalves was assessed using the test of approach and touch. Farmers 
competence assessments on the surveyed farms were satisfactory. It is characteristic of both 
farms that breeders who handle calves do not have a formal education in the field in which they 
work. Accordingly, their knowledge and skills are based on many years of work experience.The 
approach and touch test indicated a positive relationship between breeders and calves. The 
largest number of calves allowed approaching 1 or 2 steps, and a significant number also allowed 
touch, while a negligible number of calves avoided eye contact, as the most unfavourable type of 
contact.",
publisher = "Faculty of Agriculture,  East Sarajevo",
journal = "University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia",
title = "Human -animal relationship as factor of calf welfare in the first month of life",
pages = "1029-1034",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_840"
}

Samolovac, L., Hristov, S., Nikšić, D., Stamenić, T., Petričević, M., Lazarević, M.,& Ostojić Andrić, D.. (2022-10-06). Human -animal relationship as factor of calf welfare in the first month of life. in University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia
Faculty of Agriculture,  East Sarajevo., 1029-1034.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_840

Samolovac L, Hristov S, Nikšić D, Stamenić T, Petričević M, Lazarević M, Ostojić Andrić D. Human -animal relationship as factor of calf welfare in the first month of life. in University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia. 2022;:1029-1034.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_840 .

Samolovac, Ljiljana, Hristov, Slavča, Nikšić, Dragan, Stamenić, Tamara, Petričević, Maja, Lazarević, Marina, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, "Human -animal relationship as factor of calf welfare in the first month of life" in University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia (2022-10-06):1029-1034,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_840 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Zlatanović, Zvonko
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Pajić, Marko
AU  - Caro Petrović, Violeta
AU  - Stanojković, Aleksandar
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://www.largeanimalreview.com/index.php/lar/article/view/543
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/822
AB  - The objective was to assess the dairy cows’ welfare quality in relation to the housing system:  loose (LHS) vs. tie-stall (THS). A
survey was done according to the Welfare Quality® Protocol for Cattle on 16 dairy farms (7 in LHS and 9 in THS) in Serbia. From
a total number of 4833 dairy cows (2392 cows in THS and 2441 cows in LHS) 551 cows in THS and 470 cows in LHS have been
sampled randomly for clinical scoring (body condition score, health state, and cleanliness). The assessment was based on the evaluation
of
29 welfare
measures,
12 criteria,
and 4 principles
that are
relevant
for determining
risks
and final categorization
of
farms
into
one of
four welfare
categories:
not classified,
acceptable,
enhanced,
and excellent.
The results
obtained in this study
showed
that
the housing system
affected
many
parameters
of
cows’
welfare
referring
to
their comfort,
health,
and behaviour.
The high
proportion
of
animals lying
outside the lying
area
(49.5%) and colliding
with
equipment (16.7%) indicate
lack of
space
and movement
restriction
as major welfare
risks
in THS.
Consequentially,
scores
for injuries
(AI=45.8 points) and emotional state
(ES=43.2
points)
were
estimated
significantly
lower
than in LHS (58.9 and 60.4 points respectively).
LHS has advantages
when it comes
to
freedom
of
movement,
body
condition,
skin health,
and emotional state,
but the proportions
of
cows
with
dirty
lower
legs,
flank,
and upper legs
(93.4% and 80.66%) were
significantly
higher
than
in THS as well
as the frequency
of
lameness (31.4%).
According
to
the overall
assessment,
most of
the LHS farms
(5 of
7) were
classified as enhanced,
while the majority
of
THS farms
(6
of
9) were
acceptable.
This study
showed
that despite
the welfare
quality
parameters
were
not exceptional
in both housing systems,
LHS meets the requirements
of
welfare
assurance
to
a greater
extent
than THS and therefore
should be promoted
and widely
implemented.
T2  - Large Animal Review
T1  - Dairy Cows’ Welfare Quality in Relation to Housing System
VL  - 28
SP  - 265
EP  - 272
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_822
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Hristov, Slavča and Zlatanović, Zvonko and Nikšić, Dragan and Pajić, Marko and Caro Petrović, Violeta and Stanojković, Aleksandar",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The objective was to assess the dairy cows’ welfare quality in relation to the housing system:  loose (LHS) vs. tie-stall (THS). A
survey was done according to the Welfare Quality® Protocol for Cattle on 16 dairy farms (7 in LHS and 9 in THS) in Serbia. From
a total number of 4833 dairy cows (2392 cows in THS and 2441 cows in LHS) 551 cows in THS and 470 cows in LHS have been
sampled randomly for clinical scoring (body condition score, health state, and cleanliness). The assessment was based on the evaluation
of
29 welfare
measures,
12 criteria,
and 4 principles
that are
relevant
for determining
risks
and final categorization
of
farms
into
one of
four welfare
categories:
not classified,
acceptable,
enhanced,
and excellent.
The results
obtained in this study
showed
that
the housing system
affected
many
parameters
of
cows’
welfare
referring
to
their comfort,
health,
and behaviour.
The high
proportion
of
animals lying
outside the lying
area
(49.5%) and colliding
with
equipment (16.7%) indicate
lack of
space
and movement
restriction
as major welfare
risks
in THS.
Consequentially,
scores
for injuries
(AI=45.8 points) and emotional state
(ES=43.2
points)
were
estimated
significantly
lower
than in LHS (58.9 and 60.4 points respectively).
LHS has advantages
when it comes
to
freedom
of
movement,
body
condition,
skin health,
and emotional state,
but the proportions
of
cows
with
dirty
lower
legs,
flank,
and upper legs
(93.4% and 80.66%) were
significantly
higher
than
in THS as well
as the frequency
of
lameness (31.4%).
According
to
the overall
assessment,
most of
the LHS farms
(5 of
7) were
classified as enhanced,
while the majority
of
THS farms
(6
of
9) were
acceptable.
This study
showed
that despite
the welfare
quality
parameters
were
not exceptional
in both housing systems,
LHS meets the requirements
of
welfare
assurance
to
a greater
extent
than THS and therefore
should be promoted
and widely
implemented.",
journal = "Large Animal Review",
title = "Dairy Cows’ Welfare Quality in Relation to Housing System",
volume = "28",
pages = "265-272",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_822"
}

Ostojić Andrić, D., Hristov, S., Zlatanović, Z., Nikšić, D., Pajić, M., Caro Petrović, V.,& Stanojković, A.. (2022). Dairy Cows’ Welfare Quality in Relation to Housing System. in Large Animal Review, 28, 265-272.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_822

Ostojić Andrić D, Hristov S, Zlatanović Z, Nikšić D, Pajić M, Caro Petrović V, Stanojković A. Dairy Cows’ Welfare Quality in Relation to Housing System. in Large Animal Review. 2022;28:265-272.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_822 .

Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Hristov, Slavča, Zlatanović, Zvonko, Nikšić, Dragan, Pajić, Marko, Caro Petrović, Violeta, Stanojković, Aleksandar, "Dairy Cows’ Welfare Quality in Relation to Housing System" in Large Animal Review, 28 (2022):265-272,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_822 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Stanojković, Aleksandar
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Marinković, Miloš
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/830
AB  - In the last decades, there has been a trend present in the world to increase the size of dairy herds while increasing the yield of milk per head. In addition to environmental and economic benefits, this trend carries certain risks for the welfare of cows because in conditions of increased agglomeration of cattle the possibility of spreading of pathogens is also increased, there are less opportunities for adequate control and cows are exposed to greater selection and production stress. Research of the relationship between herd size and welfare quality parameters is still not sufficient to make relevant conclusions. Starting from that, the aim of this study, conducted in Serbia, is to examine the influence of herd size on parameters related to providing good feeding and housing conditions as important segments of the overall welfare of dairy cows. The assessment of given welfare parameters was done by Welfare Quality® Assessment Protocol for Cattle (2009) on 16 dairy farms of different herd sizes (large, medium and small) and housing management. The results indicate that there are significant variations in welfare indicators in each of the observed groups, which is why the size of the herd cannot be taken as a parameter that explicitly determines the quality of welfare. However, individual observation and comparison of welfare parameters between groups indicate that small herds in our production conditions could be identified as the greatest risks to the welfare of cows. In small herds, the highest share of cows of poor (4.62%) and fattened condition (8.76%) was found, as well as the lowest freedom of movement because cows on small farms are mostly reared in a tied system. Average values of indicators: lying down time (6.24s), frequency of collisions with equipment (13.25%) and high dirt contamination of cows (65.6-89.8%) further emphasize the issue of providing comfort in small herds.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - The Effect Of Herd Size On Dairy Cows̛ Welfare Quality – Provision Of Good Feeding And Housing
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
DO  - 10.2298/BAH2201001O
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Hristov, Slavča and Stanković, Branislav and Nikšić, Dragan and Stanojković, Aleksandar and Samolovac, Ljiljana and Marinković, Miloš",
year = "2022",
abstract = "In the last decades, there has been a trend present in the world to increase the size of dairy herds while increasing the yield of milk per head. In addition to environmental and economic benefits, this trend carries certain risks for the welfare of cows because in conditions of increased agglomeration of cattle the possibility of spreading of pathogens is also increased, there are less opportunities for adequate control and cows are exposed to greater selection and production stress. Research of the relationship between herd size and welfare quality parameters is still not sufficient to make relevant conclusions. Starting from that, the aim of this study, conducted in Serbia, is to examine the influence of herd size on parameters related to providing good feeding and housing conditions as important segments of the overall welfare of dairy cows. The assessment of given welfare parameters was done by Welfare Quality® Assessment Protocol for Cattle (2009) on 16 dairy farms of different herd sizes (large, medium and small) and housing management. The results indicate that there are significant variations in welfare indicators in each of the observed groups, which is why the size of the herd cannot be taken as a parameter that explicitly determines the quality of welfare. However, individual observation and comparison of welfare parameters between groups indicate that small herds in our production conditions could be identified as the greatest risks to the welfare of cows. In small herds, the highest share of cows of poor (4.62%) and fattened condition (8.76%) was found, as well as the lowest freedom of movement because cows on small farms are mostly reared in a tied system. Average values of indicators: lying down time (6.24s), frequency of collisions with equipment (13.25%) and high dirt contamination of cows (65.6-89.8%) further emphasize the issue of providing comfort in small herds.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "The Effect Of Herd Size On Dairy Cows̛ Welfare Quality – Provision Of Good Feeding And Housing",
volume = "38",
number = "1",
pages = "1-16",
doi = "10.2298/BAH2201001O"
}

Ostojić Andrić, D., Hristov, S., Stanković, B., Nikšić, D., Stanojković, A., Samolovac, L.,& Marinković, M.. (2022). The Effect Of Herd Size On Dairy Cows̛ Welfare Quality – Provision Of Good Feeding And Housing. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia., 38(1), 1-16.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH2201001O

Ostojić Andrić D, Hristov S, Stanković B, Nikšić D, Stanojković A, Samolovac L, Marinković M. The Effect Of Herd Size On Dairy Cows̛ Welfare Quality – Provision Of Good Feeding And Housing. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2022;38(1):1-16.
doi:10.2298/BAH2201001O .

Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Hristov, Slavča, Stanković, Branislav, Nikšić, Dragan, Stanojković, Aleksandar, Samolovac, Ljiljana, Marinković, Miloš, "The Effect Of Herd Size On Dairy Cows̛ Welfare Quality – Provision Of Good Feeding And Housing" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 38, no. 1 (2022):1-16,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH2201001O . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Maksimović, Nevena
AU  - Cincović, Marko
AU  - Nakov, Dimitar
PY  - 2021-10
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/771
AB  - The paper describes the effects of different rearing conditions as 
possible stressors on health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat
and milk. It was pointed out that numerous internal and external factors of cattle
affect the physiological processes, health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and
quality of milk and meat as very strong stressors. They are especially important
when acting immediately after parturition, i.e. in the puerperium in cows and
immediately after birth in calves. In intensive cattle production, the most important
complex stressors regardless of origin, and physiological conditions in which these 
animals are more susceptible to distress are parturition, calf birth, puerperium,
intensive lactation, machine milking, oestrus, high pregnancy, dry period, 
grouping of animals, disturbed social relations, dehorning, castration, hoof
trimming, transport, sudden changes in microclimatic conditions and feed quality,
etc. Excessive disturbances before slaughtering cattle also cause a strong stress
reaction. In modern housing systems, animal disturbance, immobilization of
animals, restriction of movement, significant reduction of living space, strong
painful stimuli, dystocia, pain during uterine prolapse, castration and acute
inflammatory processes in the udder and uterus are also strong stressors.
Unfavourable social relations between animals in the group are usually very strong
stressors that lead to disturbances of their behavioural patterns. As a consequence 
of the action of numerous stressors, behavioural disorders, reduction of growth and 
milk production, the occurrence of metabolic and reproductive disorders, the 
occurrence of infectious diseases, reduction of meat and milk quality most often 
occur.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
C3  - Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production, held in October 6-8, 2021, Belgrade-Serbia
T1  - Influence of cattle rearing conditions on health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and meat and milk quality
SP  - 346-362
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_771
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Hristov, Slavča and Stanković, Branislav and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Samolovac, Ljiljana and Maksimović, Nevena and Cincović, Marko and Nakov, Dimitar",
year = "2021-10",
abstract = "The paper describes the effects of different rearing conditions as 
possible stressors on health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat
and milk. It was pointed out that numerous internal and external factors of cattle
affect the physiological processes, health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and
quality of milk and meat as very strong stressors. They are especially important
when acting immediately after parturition, i.e. in the puerperium in cows and
immediately after birth in calves. In intensive cattle production, the most important
complex stressors regardless of origin, and physiological conditions in which these 
animals are more susceptible to distress are parturition, calf birth, puerperium,
intensive lactation, machine milking, oestrus, high pregnancy, dry period, 
grouping of animals, disturbed social relations, dehorning, castration, hoof
trimming, transport, sudden changes in microclimatic conditions and feed quality,
etc. Excessive disturbances before slaughtering cattle also cause a strong stress
reaction. In modern housing systems, animal disturbance, immobilization of
animals, restriction of movement, significant reduction of living space, strong
painful stimuli, dystocia, pain during uterine prolapse, castration and acute
inflammatory processes in the udder and uterus are also strong stressors.
Unfavourable social relations between animals in the group are usually very strong
stressors that lead to disturbances of their behavioural patterns. As a consequence 
of the action of numerous stressors, behavioural disorders, reduction of growth and 
milk production, the occurrence of metabolic and reproductive disorders, the 
occurrence of infectious diseases, reduction of meat and milk quality most often 
occur.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia",
journal = "Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production, held in October 6-8, 2021, Belgrade-Serbia",
title = "Influence of cattle rearing conditions on health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and meat and milk quality",
pages = "346-362",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_771"
}

Hristov, S., Stanković, B., Ostojić Andrić, D., Samolovac, L., Maksimović, N., Cincović, M.,& Nakov, D.. (2021-10). Influence of cattle rearing conditions on health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and meat and milk quality. in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production, held in October 6-8, 2021, Belgrade-Serbia
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia., 346-362.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_771

Hristov S, Stanković B, Ostojić Andrić D, Samolovac L, Maksimović N, Cincović M, Nakov D. Influence of cattle rearing conditions on health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and meat and milk quality. in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production, held in October 6-8, 2021, Belgrade-Serbia. 2021;:346-362.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_771 .

Hristov, Slavča, Stanković, Branislav, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Samolovac, Ljiljana, Maksimović, Nevena, Cincović, Marko, Nakov, Dimitar, "Influence of cattle rearing conditions on health, reproduction, growth, milk yield and meat and milk quality" in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production, held in October 6-8, 2021, Belgrade-Serbia (2021-10):346-362,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_771 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Pantelić, Vlada
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Stanojević, Dragan
AU  - Stamenić, Tamara
PY  - 2021-10
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/763
AB  - The quality of farm animal welfare largely depends on a number
of measures and procedures carried out on farms, which are defined by one name
as biosecurity. The application of certain management practices differs from farm
to farm, and accordingly their impact on the quality of animal welfare differs. The
quality of biosecurity, welfare and the presence of factors that threaten them
depend on the technology of production on the farm, animal husbandry systems,
microclimatic and hygienic conditions, management, procedures performed on
animals and the way they are performed, the attitude of employees towards
animals, their training and competence, etc.The aim of this study was to determine
the impact of intensive calf rearing on differences in biosecurity and welfare
quality assessment on two dairy farms. The technological process of production on
both farms is similar, since both farms operate within the same production system.
On both farms, there is a nursery in a separate facility, but without individual
calving boxes. Calves are separated from their mothers immediately after birth.
One of the significant differences between the farms was the way the calves were
kept in the first 7 days of life. On one of the farms (A) the calves were kept tied in
the nursery, while on the other farm (B) they were housed in individual boxes, also
located within the nursery. At 8 days of age, calves were placed in group boxes, in
a special facility, rearing stable.
The greatest weaknesses and threats to biosecurity and welfare on both farms were
manifested at the earliest age of calves, and they relate to the accommodation and
feeding of newborn calves with colostrum. Determined that newborn calves were
kept tie-stall housing system or in dimly lit individual boxes of inadequate size and
design, housed in the nursery together with the cows. This increased the calf's
exposure to a number of pathogens. The risk to biosecurity and welfare is higher
when inadequate colostrum consumption is taken into account in terms of quantity,
manner and time of feeding. When it comes to calves of older categories, the
situation was significantly more favourable in terms of nutrition and housing
conditions, as well as health surveillance and provided great opportunities in terms
of further improvement.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun
C3  - Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production October 6 – 8, 2021, Belgrade, Serbia
T1  - Assessment of biosecurity and welfare of calves reared in intensive housing system
SP  - 56
EP  - 72
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_763
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Samolovac, Ljiljana and Hristov, Slavča and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Pantelić, Vlada and Nikšić, Dragan and Stanojević, Dragan and Stamenić, Tamara",
year = "2021-10",
abstract = "The quality of farm animal welfare largely depends on a number
of measures and procedures carried out on farms, which are defined by one name
as biosecurity. The application of certain management practices differs from farm
to farm, and accordingly their impact on the quality of animal welfare differs. The
quality of biosecurity, welfare and the presence of factors that threaten them
depend on the technology of production on the farm, animal husbandry systems,
microclimatic and hygienic conditions, management, procedures performed on
animals and the way they are performed, the attitude of employees towards
animals, their training and competence, etc.The aim of this study was to determine
the impact of intensive calf rearing on differences in biosecurity and welfare
quality assessment on two dairy farms. The technological process of production on
both farms is similar, since both farms operate within the same production system.
On both farms, there is a nursery in a separate facility, but without individual
calving boxes. Calves are separated from their mothers immediately after birth.
One of the significant differences between the farms was the way the calves were
kept in the first 7 days of life. On one of the farms (A) the calves were kept tied in
the nursery, while on the other farm (B) they were housed in individual boxes, also
located within the nursery. At 8 days of age, calves were placed in group boxes, in
a special facility, rearing stable.
The greatest weaknesses and threats to biosecurity and welfare on both farms were
manifested at the earliest age of calves, and they relate to the accommodation and
feeding of newborn calves with colostrum. Determined that newborn calves were
kept tie-stall housing system or in dimly lit individual boxes of inadequate size and
design, housed in the nursery together with the cows. This increased the calf's
exposure to a number of pathogens. The risk to biosecurity and welfare is higher
when inadequate colostrum consumption is taken into account in terms of quantity,
manner and time of feeding. When it comes to calves of older categories, the
situation was significantly more favourable in terms of nutrition and housing
conditions, as well as health surveillance and provided great opportunities in terms
of further improvement.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun",
journal = "Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production October 6 – 8, 2021, Belgrade, Serbia",
title = "Assessment of biosecurity and welfare of calves reared in intensive housing system",
pages = "56-72",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_763"
}

Samolovac, L., Hristov, S., Ostojić Andrić, D., Pantelić, V., Nikšić, D., Stanojević, D.,& Stamenić, T.. (2021-10). Assessment of biosecurity and welfare of calves reared in intensive housing system. in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production October 6 – 8, 2021, Belgrade, Serbia
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun., 56-72.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_763

Samolovac L, Hristov S, Ostojić Andrić D, Pantelić V, Nikšić D, Stanojević D, Stamenić T. Assessment of biosecurity and welfare of calves reared in intensive housing system. in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production October 6 – 8, 2021, Belgrade, Serbia. 2021;:56-72.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_763 .

Samolovac, Ljiljana, Hristov, Slavča, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Pantelić, Vlada, Nikšić, Dragan, Stanojević, Dragan, Stamenić, Tamara, "Assessment of biosecurity and welfare of calves reared in intensive housing system" in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production October 6 – 8, 2021, Belgrade, Serbia (2021-10):56-72,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_763 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Milošević-Stanković, Ivana
AU  - Nakov, Dimitar
AU  - Rašović Bojanić, Mirjana
PY  - 2021-10
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/769
AB  - The welfare of dairy cattle is a complex phenomenon, which
requires multilevel, multidimensional and planned approach. Precision livestock
farming (PLF) enables farm animal welfare focusing from the group level to
monitoring and managing individual animals of different categories, which is
enabled by use of new advanced technologies.
The basic principle of precision agriculture is the use of sensor
technologies in order to improve the efficiency of given narrow thresholds resource
use. A range of precision livestock monitoring and control technologies have been
developed, primarily to improve livestock production efficiency, but more precise
and delicate use may be very applicable in early detection of certain conditions, for
example initial lameness in dairy cows, real-time surveillance when calving, or
distant body temperature variations measuring of individual animals, when early
and more efficient therapeutic measures could be undertaken. Environmental
monitoring and control in barns can improve animal comfort, and automatic
milking systems facilitate animal choice and improve human-animal interactions.
According literature data, previous and future investigations are
encouraging possibility of PLF mechanisms use into automated barn surveillance
systems in order to assess, control and improve dairy cattle welfare in entire
production process through prompt reaction.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
C3  - Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production"
T1  - Precision farming in improvement of dairy cattle welfare
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_769
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Stanković, Branislav and Hristov, Slavča and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Milošević-Stanković, Ivana and Nakov, Dimitar and Rašović Bojanić, Mirjana",
year = "2021-10",
abstract = "The welfare of dairy cattle is a complex phenomenon, which
requires multilevel, multidimensional and planned approach. Precision livestock
farming (PLF) enables farm animal welfare focusing from the group level to
monitoring and managing individual animals of different categories, which is
enabled by use of new advanced technologies.
The basic principle of precision agriculture is the use of sensor
technologies in order to improve the efficiency of given narrow thresholds resource
use. A range of precision livestock monitoring and control technologies have been
developed, primarily to improve livestock production efficiency, but more precise
and delicate use may be very applicable in early detection of certain conditions, for
example initial lameness in dairy cows, real-time surveillance when calving, or
distant body temperature variations measuring of individual animals, when early
and more efficient therapeutic measures could be undertaken. Environmental
monitoring and control in barns can improve animal comfort, and automatic
milking systems facilitate animal choice and improve human-animal interactions.
According literature data, previous and future investigations are
encouraging possibility of PLF mechanisms use into automated barn surveillance
systems in order to assess, control and improve dairy cattle welfare in entire
production process through prompt reaction.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia",
journal = "Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production"",
title = "Precision farming in improvement of dairy cattle welfare",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_769"
}

Stanković, B., Hristov, S., Ostojić Andrić, D., Milošević-Stanković, I., Nakov, D.,& Rašović Bojanić, M.. (2021-10). Precision farming in improvement of dairy cattle welfare. in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production"
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_769

Stanković B, Hristov S, Ostojić Andrić D, Milošević-Stanković I, Nakov D, Rašović Bojanić M. Precision farming in improvement of dairy cattle welfare. in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production". 2021;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_769 .

Stanković, Branislav, Hristov, Slavča, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Milošević-Stanković, Ivana, Nakov, Dimitar, Rašović Bojanić, Mirjana, "Precision farming in improvement of dairy cattle welfare" in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium "Modern Trends in Livestock Production" (2021-10),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_769 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Vladimir
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Delić, Nikola
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Petričević, Maja
PY  - 2021-03-10
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/734
AB  - This study was carried to determine if dietary tryptophan can be beneficial for piglets in period of weaning. Trial was conducted
on 84 individuals (Landrace×Yorkshire) female and castrated male piglets, at 30 days of age, and of 9.78±0.42 kg. Test subjects
were penned into four groups and allocated to four different diets. This was done opposite to standard farm procedure; all
piglets penned in same group came from different litters. Animals were fed ad libitum for six days. Piglets in trial groups were
fed with basically same mixture with different levels of digestible L-tryptophan (0.1; 0.2; 0.3%). Productive performance (FCR;
ADG; ADFI) was calculated and behavior characteristics (postures, mounting, abnormal and aggressive behavior) were observed
using CCTV cameras. For the purpose of production performance analysis one way ANOVA was used while the Tukey test served
to determine the statistical significance of the differences between individual means values. Considering that there is no normal
distribution for behavioral parameters, we used non parametric Kruskal-Wallis test with multiple comparisons of mean rank
between groups. Productive results showed that control group had significantly better results for average daily gain compared
to all trial groups (p<0.05), other productive parameters didn’t show any significant difference. On the other hand, statistically
significant results occurred for two behavioral characteristics. Fighting differed significantly (p<0.05), during first day of weaning
between control and trial groups, intensive ear biting occurred at day two and three after weaning, and different significantly
on day three (p<0.05). According to our results tryptophan had no positive effects on productive performance (feed intake, daily
weight gain and feed conversion), but had some positive effects on reducing aggressive behavior. Conclusion could be that implementing
small doses of tryptophan on weaning can be beneficial to reducing stress and behavioral anomalies of piglets. Further
more extensive studies should be carried to verify these results.
PB  - SIVAR
T2  - Large Animal Review
T1  - The effect of dietary l-tryptophan on productive performance and behavior of weaned piglets
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
SP  - 37
EP  - 41
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_734
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Vladimir and Stanković, Branislav and Hristov, Slavča and Delić, Nikola and Nikšić, Dragan and Samolovac, Ljiljana and Petričević, Maja",
year = "2021-03-10",
abstract = "This study was carried to determine if dietary tryptophan can be beneficial for piglets in period of weaning. Trial was conducted
on 84 individuals (Landrace×Yorkshire) female and castrated male piglets, at 30 days of age, and of 9.78±0.42 kg. Test subjects
were penned into four groups and allocated to four different diets. This was done opposite to standard farm procedure; all
piglets penned in same group came from different litters. Animals were fed ad libitum for six days. Piglets in trial groups were
fed with basically same mixture with different levels of digestible L-tryptophan (0.1; 0.2; 0.3%). Productive performance (FCR;
ADG; ADFI) was calculated and behavior characteristics (postures, mounting, abnormal and aggressive behavior) were observed
using CCTV cameras. For the purpose of production performance analysis one way ANOVA was used while the Tukey test served
to determine the statistical significance of the differences between individual means values. Considering that there is no normal
distribution for behavioral parameters, we used non parametric Kruskal-Wallis test with multiple comparisons of mean rank
between groups. Productive results showed that control group had significantly better results for average daily gain compared
to all trial groups (p<0.05), other productive parameters didn’t show any significant difference. On the other hand, statistically
significant results occurred for two behavioral characteristics. Fighting differed significantly (p<0.05), during first day of weaning
between control and trial groups, intensive ear biting occurred at day two and three after weaning, and different significantly
on day three (p<0.05). According to our results tryptophan had no positive effects on productive performance (feed intake, daily
weight gain and feed conversion), but had some positive effects on reducing aggressive behavior. Conclusion could be that implementing
small doses of tryptophan on weaning can be beneficial to reducing stress and behavioral anomalies of piglets. Further
more extensive studies should be carried to verify these results.",
publisher = "SIVAR",
journal = "Large Animal Review",
title = "The effect of dietary l-tryptophan on productive performance and behavior of weaned piglets",
volume = "27",
number = "1",
pages = "37-41",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_734"
}

Živković, V., Stanković, B., Hristov, S., Delić, N., Nikšić, D., Samolovac, L.,& Petričević, M.. (2021-03-10). The effect of dietary l-tryptophan on productive performance and behavior of weaned piglets. in Large Animal Review
SIVAR., 27(1), 37-41.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_734

Živković V, Stanković B, Hristov S, Delić N, Nikšić D, Samolovac L, Petričević M. The effect of dietary l-tryptophan on productive performance and behavior of weaned piglets. in Large Animal Review. 2021;27(1):37-41.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_734 .

Živković, Vladimir, Stanković, Branislav, Hristov, Slavča, Delić, Nikola, Nikšić, Dragan, Samolovac, Ljiljana, Petričević, Maja, "The effect of dietary l-tryptophan on productive performance and behavior of weaned piglets" in Large Animal Review, 27, no. 1 (2021-03-10):37-41,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_734 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maksimović, Nevena
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Milovanović, Aleksandar
AU  - Barna, Tomislav
AU  - Stojanov, Igor
AU  - Cekić, Bogdan
AU  - Milošević-Stanković, Ivana
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/760
AB  - The drive to mate females is variable among the rams and can have a major impact on sheep production. Androgen testosterone
may be a key mediator within the expression of various morphological and behavioural traits in mammals, but the factors underlying
individual variation in circulating testosterone levels are poorly understood.
The aim of this study was to investigate the development of sexual behaviour patterns in ram lambs as well as the role of testosterone
in the expression of their libido.
Research was carried out on the sheep farm of the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade, Serbia. The study included 20 crossbred
ram lambs (autochthonous breed Pirot Pramenka x Merinolandschaf x Ile de France). All ram lambs used in the study were
of same age and rearing conditions. They were weaned at 2 months of age and kept indoors from birth throughout the whole
study. Animals were introduced in the study at the age of 3 months and the trial was completed at the rams’ age of 17 months.
Blood samples for testosterone levels were taken bimonthly (at the age of 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 months), as well as were
male-female and male-male interactions recorded.
Male-female interactions included the following elements of behaviour: nosing (or anogenital sniffing), pawing, flehmen response,
attempted mounts. Also, duration of all male activities directed towards ewe was recorded (male-female interactions in total).
Male-male interactions involved the frequency of male-male mounts.
Performed investigations showed that sexual behaviour of rams was age dependent, but poorly correlated to serum testosterone.
The average serum testosterone levels ranged from 1.83-13.28 ng/mL, and were age dependant (P<0.05).
Male-female oriented behaviour developed linearly with age, while male-male specific behaviour was characterized by high intensity
in young age and then pronounced variability in later test periods. None of the studied behavioural interactions were highly
correlated to serum testosterone. These findings support standpoint of more than one factor influencing development of sexual
behaviour of ram lambs.
PB  - SIVAR (Italian Society of Farm Animals Veterinary Practitioners)
T2  - Large animal review
T1  - Development of sexual behaviour in ram lambs and its correlation to serum testosterone
VL  - 27
SP  - 31
EP  - 34
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_760
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Maksimović, Nevena and Hristov, Slavča and Milovanović, Aleksandar and Barna, Tomislav and Stojanov, Igor and Cekić, Bogdan and Milošević-Stanković, Ivana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "The drive to mate females is variable among the rams and can have a major impact on sheep production. Androgen testosterone
may be a key mediator within the expression of various morphological and behavioural traits in mammals, but the factors underlying
individual variation in circulating testosterone levels are poorly understood.
The aim of this study was to investigate the development of sexual behaviour patterns in ram lambs as well as the role of testosterone
in the expression of their libido.
Research was carried out on the sheep farm of the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade, Serbia. The study included 20 crossbred
ram lambs (autochthonous breed Pirot Pramenka x Merinolandschaf x Ile de France). All ram lambs used in the study were
of same age and rearing conditions. They were weaned at 2 months of age and kept indoors from birth throughout the whole
study. Animals were introduced in the study at the age of 3 months and the trial was completed at the rams’ age of 17 months.
Blood samples for testosterone levels were taken bimonthly (at the age of 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 months), as well as were
male-female and male-male interactions recorded.
Male-female interactions included the following elements of behaviour: nosing (or anogenital sniffing), pawing, flehmen response,
attempted mounts. Also, duration of all male activities directed towards ewe was recorded (male-female interactions in total).
Male-male interactions involved the frequency of male-male mounts.
Performed investigations showed that sexual behaviour of rams was age dependent, but poorly correlated to serum testosterone.
The average serum testosterone levels ranged from 1.83-13.28 ng/mL, and were age dependant (P<0.05).
Male-female oriented behaviour developed linearly with age, while male-male specific behaviour was characterized by high intensity
in young age and then pronounced variability in later test periods. None of the studied behavioural interactions were highly
correlated to serum testosterone. These findings support standpoint of more than one factor influencing development of sexual
behaviour of ram lambs.",
publisher = "SIVAR (Italian Society of Farm Animals Veterinary Practitioners)",
journal = "Large animal review",
title = "Development of sexual behaviour in ram lambs and its correlation to serum testosterone",
volume = "27",
pages = "31-34",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_760"
}

Maksimović, N., Hristov, S., Milovanović, A., Barna, T., Stojanov, I., Cekić, B.,& Milošević-Stanković, I.. (2021). Development of sexual behaviour in ram lambs and its correlation to serum testosterone. in Large animal review
SIVAR (Italian Society of Farm Animals Veterinary Practitioners)., 27, 31-34.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_760

Maksimović N, Hristov S, Milovanović A, Barna T, Stojanov I, Cekić B, Milošević-Stanković I. Development of sexual behaviour in ram lambs and its correlation to serum testosterone. in Large animal review. 2021;27:31-34.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_760 .

Maksimović, Nevena, Hristov, Slavča, Milovanović, Aleksandar, Barna, Tomislav, Stojanov, Igor, Cekić, Bogdan, Milošević-Stanković, Ivana, "Development of sexual behaviour in ram lambs and its correlation to serum testosterone" in Large animal review, 27 (2021):31-34,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_760 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milošević-Stanković, Ivana
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Maksimović, Nevena
AU  - Popović, Blaženka
AU  - Davidović, Vesna
AU  - Mekić, Cvijan
AU  - Dimitrijević, Blagoje
AU  - Cincović, Marko
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/709
AB  - The investigation was performed on two groups of primiparous and multiparous healthy dewormed Alpine dairy goats (25 each) during peripartal period. Blood samples were collected (jugular venipuncture) 10-15 days before and 10-15 and 30 days after the parturition into BD SST-II Advance (3.5 mL) and BD NaF 3.0 mg Na2EDTA 6.0 mg (2 mL) vacutainers, cooled and
centrifuged (1500 r/min, 15 minutes and ≤1300 r/min, 10 minutes, respectively). Glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations in blood sera were determined using A15 automatic spectrophotometric analyzer (Biosystem, Spain). Simultaneously, body condition scoring (BCS) was performed by Villaquiran et al. (2007) method. The obtained data were analyzed by IBM SPSS statistics 21. The glucose concentration inclined to increase in both groups. Differences between glucose levels were significant (P<0.05) 15 days before and 15 days after, as well as 15 and 30 days after the parturition, and very significant (P<0.01) 15 days before and 30 days after the parturition. The BHBA blood levels significantly differed 15 days before and 30 days after and 15 and 30 days after the parturition (P<0.05). BHBA concentration peaked at week 2 postpartum, following the increase of NEFA, providing the substrate for BHBA synthesis. NEFA levels significantly (P<0.05) differed 15 days before and 15 days after the parturition. Goats’ BCS ranged from 2 to 4 and significantly depended on glucose (r=0.392; P<0.05) and BHBA (r=0.317; P<0.05) level 15 days before parturition. BCS 30 days postpartum very significantly depended on the glucose level (r=0.450; P<0.01), significantly higher than the concentration of BHBA (r=0.351; P<0.05) and NEFA concentration (r=-0.304; P<0.05). BCS 15 days before parturition did not depend on the NEFA concentration. Fifteen days after the parturition BCS did not statistically depend on the observed indicators. Obtained data suggest that knowledge of BCS and energy indicators levels may be very useful in research and practice in order to appreciate energy metabolism of pregnant and lactating dairy ruminants, particularly dairy goats. These data are poorly documented for goats, but they can reveal early pathological metabolic changes in transiting female goat organism, enabling successful prophylactic, as well as, therapeutic intervention.
PB  - SIVAR (Italian Society of Farm Animals Veterinary Practitioners)
T2  - Large Animal Review
T1  - Energy metabolism indicators  and body condition in peripartal period of Alpine goats
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
SP  - 13
EP  - 18
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_709
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milošević-Stanković, Ivana and Hristov, Slavča and Maksimović, Nevena and Popović, Blaženka and Davidović, Vesna and Mekić, Cvijan and Dimitrijević, Blagoje and Cincović, Marko and Stanković, Branislav",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The investigation was performed on two groups of primiparous and multiparous healthy dewormed Alpine dairy goats (25 each) during peripartal period. Blood samples were collected (jugular venipuncture) 10-15 days before and 10-15 and 30 days after the parturition into BD SST-II Advance (3.5 mL) and BD NaF 3.0 mg Na2EDTA 6.0 mg (2 mL) vacutainers, cooled and
centrifuged (1500 r/min, 15 minutes and ≤1300 r/min, 10 minutes, respectively). Glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations in blood sera were determined using A15 automatic spectrophotometric analyzer (Biosystem, Spain). Simultaneously, body condition scoring (BCS) was performed by Villaquiran et al. (2007) method. The obtained data were analyzed by IBM SPSS statistics 21. The glucose concentration inclined to increase in both groups. Differences between glucose levels were significant (P<0.05) 15 days before and 15 days after, as well as 15 and 30 days after the parturition, and very significant (P<0.01) 15 days before and 30 days after the parturition. The BHBA blood levels significantly differed 15 days before and 30 days after and 15 and 30 days after the parturition (P<0.05). BHBA concentration peaked at week 2 postpartum, following the increase of NEFA, providing the substrate for BHBA synthesis. NEFA levels significantly (P<0.05) differed 15 days before and 15 days after the parturition. Goats’ BCS ranged from 2 to 4 and significantly depended on glucose (r=0.392; P<0.05) and BHBA (r=0.317; P<0.05) level 15 days before parturition. BCS 30 days postpartum very significantly depended on the glucose level (r=0.450; P<0.01), significantly higher than the concentration of BHBA (r=0.351; P<0.05) and NEFA concentration (r=-0.304; P<0.05). BCS 15 days before parturition did not depend on the NEFA concentration. Fifteen days after the parturition BCS did not statistically depend on the observed indicators. Obtained data suggest that knowledge of BCS and energy indicators levels may be very useful in research and practice in order to appreciate energy metabolism of pregnant and lactating dairy ruminants, particularly dairy goats. These data are poorly documented for goats, but they can reveal early pathological metabolic changes in transiting female goat organism, enabling successful prophylactic, as well as, therapeutic intervention.",
publisher = "SIVAR (Italian Society of Farm Animals Veterinary Practitioners)",
journal = "Large Animal Review",
title = "Energy metabolism indicators  and body condition in peripartal period of Alpine goats",
volume = "26",
number = "1",
pages = "13-18",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_709"
}

Milošević-Stanković, I., Hristov, S., Maksimović, N., Popović, B., Davidović, V., Mekić, C., Dimitrijević, B., Cincović, M.,& Stanković, B.. (2020). Energy metabolism indicators  and body condition in peripartal period of Alpine goats. in Large Animal Review
SIVAR (Italian Society of Farm Animals Veterinary Practitioners)., 26(1), 13-18.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_709

Milošević-Stanković I, Hristov S, Maksimović N, Popović B, Davidović V, Mekić C, Dimitrijević B, Cincović M, Stanković B. Energy metabolism indicators  and body condition in peripartal period of Alpine goats. in Large Animal Review. 2020;26(1):13-18.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_709 .

Milošević-Stanković, Ivana, Hristov, Slavča, Maksimović, Nevena, Popović, Blaženka, Davidović, Vesna, Mekić, Cvijan, Dimitrijević, Blagoje, Cincović, Marko, Stanković, Branislav, "Energy metabolism indicators  and body condition in peripartal period of Alpine goats" in Large Animal Review, 26, no. 1 (2020):13-18,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_709 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Živković, Vladimir
AU  - Migdał, Łukasz
AU  - Migdał, Władysław
AU  - Radović, Čedomir
AU  - Gogić, Marija
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stojiljković, Nenad
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://istocar.bg.ac.rs/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Proceedings-2019.pdf
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/642
AB  - : The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of sire
breed on meatiness of pig carcass. Trial was conducted on 480 pigs, offspring of
six boars, of two genotype Large White (LW) and Swedish Landrace (SL).
Average body mass of examined animals were 114.5 kg. Share of meat yield of pig
carcass was estimated on the slaughter line using two methods. First method use
“two point” system where first measurement is depth of m. longissimus measured
as the shortest link/connection between front (cranial) end of m. gluteus medius and
the top (dorsal) rim/edge of the spinal canal and second is where m. gluteus medius
penetrates the fat tissue the most. Second method also use two measurements: X1=
thickness of fat tissue (with skin) in millimeters measured on medial carcass
surface between 3rd and 4th lumbal vertebrae, caudo-cranially and X2=thickness
of fat tissue (with skin) in milimeters measured on medial carcass surface between
3rd and 4th rib, caudo-cranially. The meatiness of the progeny very significantly
depended on boar genotype (p<0.01). Offspring of SL boars had better results in
both methods (60.47; 56.45%), than LW offspring (60.35; 55.85%).
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun
C3  - Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade
T1  - Influence of sire breed on meatiness of pig carcass
SP  - 653
EP  - 658
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_642
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Živković, Vladimir and Migdał, Łukasz and Migdał, Władysław and Radović, Čedomir and Gogić, Marija and Hristov, Slavča and Stojiljković, Nenad",
year = "2019",
abstract = ": The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of sire
breed on meatiness of pig carcass. Trial was conducted on 480 pigs, offspring of
six boars, of two genotype Large White (LW) and Swedish Landrace (SL).
Average body mass of examined animals were 114.5 kg. Share of meat yield of pig
carcass was estimated on the slaughter line using two methods. First method use
“two point” system where first measurement is depth of m. longissimus measured
as the shortest link/connection between front (cranial) end of m. gluteus medius and
the top (dorsal) rim/edge of the spinal canal and second is where m. gluteus medius
penetrates the fat tissue the most. Second method also use two measurements: X1=
thickness of fat tissue (with skin) in millimeters measured on medial carcass
surface between 3rd and 4th lumbal vertebrae, caudo-cranially and X2=thickness
of fat tissue (with skin) in milimeters measured on medial carcass surface between
3rd and 4th rib, caudo-cranially. The meatiness of the progeny very significantly
depended on boar genotype (p<0.01). Offspring of SL boars had better results in
both methods (60.47; 56.45%), than LW offspring (60.35; 55.85%).",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun",
journal = "Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade",
title = "Influence of sire breed on meatiness of pig carcass",
pages = "653-658",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_642"
}

Živković, V., Migdał, Ł., Migdał, W., Radović, Č., Gogić, M., Hristov, S.,& Stojiljković, N.. (2019). Influence of sire breed on meatiness of pig carcass. in Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun., 653-658.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_642

Živković V, Migdał Ł, Migdał W, Radović Č, Gogić M, Hristov S, Stojiljković N. Influence of sire breed on meatiness of pig carcass. in Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade. 2019;:653-658.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_642 .

Živković, Vladimir, Migdał, Łukasz, Migdał, Władysław, Radović, Čedomir, Gogić, Marija, Hristov, Slavča, Stojiljković, Nenad, "Influence of sire breed on meatiness of pig carcass" in Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade (2019):653-658,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_642 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Petrović M., Milan
AU  - Pantelić, Vlada
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Caro Petrović, Violeta
AU  - Petričević, Maja
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/662
AB  - Due to actual global concerns for farm animal welfare and an also prominent 
issue of climate change effect, this study was conducted in order to examine the expression
of dairy cows’ health parameters in two main seasons (winter and summer). Thirteen
health parameters classified into two main groups, injuries and diseases, were selected and
analysed according to their relevance for welfare provision by Welfare Quality®
Assessment Protocol for Dairy Cows (2009). According to the final calculation score (0100

points) parameters were descriptively categorized as unacceptable, acceptable,
enhanced or excellent in terms of welfare provision. Data were collected through clinical
scoring and veterinary reports available on a total of 16 dairy farms (N=4.833 cows).  The
temperature ranges for winter and summer season in a given year were -4.2 to 7.2˚C and
19.3 to 27.4 ˚C respectively. Obtained welfare scores for injuries (41/100 points) and
diseases (59/100 points) showed that cows in both seasons were more prone to injuries
than to diseases. Estimated welfare condition for injuries was categorized as acceptable,
and for diseases as enhanced, indicating no severe risk for welfare was determined. No
significant differences for examined parameters were found between seasons with
exception of somewhat higher lameness frequency in the winter season (39% vs. 32%).
Frequencies of diseases were, in majority below alarm thresholds except for mastitis
(2.6%) and conjunctivitis (6.0%) in the summer season.
PB  - University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture
C3  - Proceeding of  International Symposium on Animal Science (ISAS)
T1  - Assessment Of Dairy Cows’ Health Parameters In Relation To Welfare Quality And Rearing Season
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_662
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Hristov, Slavča and Petrović M., Milan and Pantelić, Vlada and Nikšić, Dragan and Caro Petrović, Violeta and Petričević, Maja",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Due to actual global concerns for farm animal welfare and an also prominent 
issue of climate change effect, this study was conducted in order to examine the expression
of dairy cows’ health parameters in two main seasons (winter and summer). Thirteen
health parameters classified into two main groups, injuries and diseases, were selected and
analysed according to their relevance for welfare provision by Welfare Quality®
Assessment Protocol for Dairy Cows (2009). According to the final calculation score (0100

points) parameters were descriptively categorized as unacceptable, acceptable,
enhanced or excellent in terms of welfare provision. Data were collected through clinical
scoring and veterinary reports available on a total of 16 dairy farms (N=4.833 cows).  The
temperature ranges for winter and summer season in a given year were -4.2 to 7.2˚C and
19.3 to 27.4 ˚C respectively. Obtained welfare scores for injuries (41/100 points) and
diseases (59/100 points) showed that cows in both seasons were more prone to injuries
than to diseases. Estimated welfare condition for injuries was categorized as acceptable,
and for diseases as enhanced, indicating no severe risk for welfare was determined. No
significant differences for examined parameters were found between seasons with
exception of somewhat higher lameness frequency in the winter season (39% vs. 32%).
Frequencies of diseases were, in majority below alarm thresholds except for mastitis
(2.6%) and conjunctivitis (6.0%) in the summer season.",
publisher = "University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture",
journal = "Proceeding of  International Symposium on Animal Science (ISAS)",
title = "Assessment Of Dairy Cows’ Health Parameters In Relation To Welfare Quality And Rearing Season",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_662"
}

Ostojić Andrić, D., Hristov, S., Petrović M., M., Pantelić, V., Nikšić, D., Caro Petrović, V.,& Petričević, M.. (2019). Assessment Of Dairy Cows’ Health Parameters In Relation To Welfare Quality And Rearing Season. in Proceeding of  International Symposium on Animal Science (ISAS)
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_662

Ostojić Andrić D, Hristov S, Petrović M. M, Pantelić V, Nikšić D, Caro Petrović V, Petričević M. Assessment Of Dairy Cows’ Health Parameters In Relation To Welfare Quality And Rearing Season. in Proceeding of  International Symposium on Animal Science (ISAS). 2019;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_662 .

Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Hristov, Slavča, Petrović M., Milan, Pantelić, Vlada, Nikšić, Dragan, Caro Petrović, Violeta, Petričević, Maja, "Assessment Of Dairy Cows’ Health Parameters In Relation To Welfare Quality And Rearing Season" in Proceeding of  International Symposium on Animal Science (ISAS) (2019),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_662 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Maletić, Radojka
AU  - Relić, Renata
AU  - Zlatanović, Zvonko
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/734656
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/639
AB  - The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of farm conditions and season of birth on body mass, respiratory system
diseases and diarrhea occurrence, and mortality during the first month of calves’ life. The study was conducted on two tie-stall–system
farms with intensive milk production and similar nutrition of dairy cows, but with differences in rearing conditions of calves in the first
week of life. The calves were tied on lying area with straw as bedding material (farm A) or free in individual boxes with straw bedding
(farm B). In the first consumption, they take 1–2 L of colostrum produced by their mother or by another cow (farm A), or 2.5–3 L of
colostrum produced by their mother or by another cow or frozen colostrum (farm B). According to the results, average body mass of
calves was significantly higher on farm B than of those on farm A at all ages (on birth, at 8 days, and 30 days). Mortality rate and diarrhea
occurrence in calves were higher on farm B, while respiratory system diseases incidence was higher on farm A. All observed welfare
indicators were very significantly (P < 0.01) influenced by farm conditions and birth season
PB  - TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM, Turkey
T2  - Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
T1  - Influence of rearing conditions and birth season on calf welfare in the first month of life
IS  - 43
SP  - 102
EP  - 109
DO  - 10.3906/vet-1710-80
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Samolovac, Ljiljana and Hristov, Slavča and Stanković, Branislav and Maletić, Radojka and Relić, Renata and Zlatanović, Zvonko",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of farm conditions and season of birth on body mass, respiratory system
diseases and diarrhea occurrence, and mortality during the first month of calves’ life. The study was conducted on two tie-stall–system
farms with intensive milk production and similar nutrition of dairy cows, but with differences in rearing conditions of calves in the first
week of life. The calves were tied on lying area with straw as bedding material (farm A) or free in individual boxes with straw bedding
(farm B). In the first consumption, they take 1–2 L of colostrum produced by their mother or by another cow (farm A), or 2.5–3 L of
colostrum produced by their mother or by another cow or frozen colostrum (farm B). According to the results, average body mass of
calves was significantly higher on farm B than of those on farm A at all ages (on birth, at 8 days, and 30 days). Mortality rate and diarrhea
occurrence in calves were higher on farm B, while respiratory system diseases incidence was higher on farm A. All observed welfare
indicators were very significantly (P < 0.01) influenced by farm conditions and birth season",
publisher = "TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM, Turkey",
journal = "Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences",
title = "Influence of rearing conditions and birth season on calf welfare in the first month of life",
number = "43",
pages = "102-109",
doi = "10.3906/vet-1710-80"
}

Samolovac, L., Hristov, S., Stanković, B., Maletić, R., Relić, R.,& Zlatanović, Z.. (2019). Influence of rearing conditions and birth season on calf welfare in the first month of life. in Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM, Turkey.(43), 102-109.
https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1710-80

Samolovac L, Hristov S, Stanković B, Maletić R, Relić R, Zlatanović Z. Influence of rearing conditions and birth season on calf welfare in the first month of life. in Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2019;(43):102-109.
doi:10.3906/vet-1710-80 .

Samolovac, Ljiljana, Hristov, Slavča, Stanković, Branislav, Maletić, Radojka, Relić, Renata, Zlatanović, Zvonko, "Influence of rearing conditions and birth season on calf welfare in the first month of life" in Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, no. 43 (2019):102-109,
https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1710-80 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Đedović, Radica
AU  - Popova, Teodora
AU  - Pantelić, Vlada
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Micic, Nenad
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/658
AB  - Modern society, over time, has accepted animals as sentient
beings. From the welfare point of view, the emotions are a reflection of the whole
permeation of the animal and its environment, which make them important and
reliable indicators. In fact, they are cross-linked with other welfare indicators such
as physiological and behavioural. Freedom of movement is crucial for the animals’
naturalness, especially in terms of their normal behaviour expression. Regarding
that, this study was conducted in order to investigate and compare the emotional
state of cows in a loose (LHS) and tied housing systems (THS). The assessment
was done according to Welfare Quality Protocol for Cattle (2009) on a total of 16
dairy farms (N=4,833 cows), seven with LHS and nine with THS. The emotional
state was assessed by a qualitative behavioural assessment (QBA), a method based
on the translation of “body language” into the numbers that can be statistically
analysed and interpreted. Twenty reliable descriptors were used, among which, 
some were related to positive emotional state (e.g., active, relax, happy) and some
to negative state (e.g., agitated, nervous, distressed). Result showed that tendencies
toward positive descriptors were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in LHS, followed
by lower expression of distress, frustration and apathy in animals.This resulted in
better estimation of overall emotional state in LHS indicating its advantage and
necessity of providing exercise in cows’ daily routine.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun
C3  - Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium „Modern Trends in Livestock Production”
T1  - Emotional State Of Dairy Cows In Loose And Tied Housing System - Is There A Difference?
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_658
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Hristov, Slavča and Đedović, Radica and Popova, Teodora and Pantelić, Vlada and Nikšić, Dragan and Micic, Nenad",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Modern society, over time, has accepted animals as sentient
beings. From the welfare point of view, the emotions are a reflection of the whole
permeation of the animal and its environment, which make them important and
reliable indicators. In fact, they are cross-linked with other welfare indicators such
as physiological and behavioural. Freedom of movement is crucial for the animals’
naturalness, especially in terms of their normal behaviour expression. Regarding
that, this study was conducted in order to investigate and compare the emotional
state of cows in a loose (LHS) and tied housing systems (THS). The assessment
was done according to Welfare Quality Protocol for Cattle (2009) on a total of 16
dairy farms (N=4,833 cows), seven with LHS and nine with THS. The emotional
state was assessed by a qualitative behavioural assessment (QBA), a method based
on the translation of “body language” into the numbers that can be statistically
analysed and interpreted. Twenty reliable descriptors were used, among which, 
some were related to positive emotional state (e.g., active, relax, happy) and some
to negative state (e.g., agitated, nervous, distressed). Result showed that tendencies
toward positive descriptors were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in LHS, followed
by lower expression of distress, frustration and apathy in animals.This resulted in
better estimation of overall emotional state in LHS indicating its advantage and
necessity of providing exercise in cows’ daily routine.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun",
journal = "Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium „Modern Trends in Livestock Production”",
title = "Emotional State Of Dairy Cows In Loose And Tied Housing System - Is There A Difference?",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_658"
}

Ostojić Andrić, D., Hristov, S., Đedović, R., Popova, T., Pantelić, V., Nikšić, D.,& Micic, N.. (2019). Emotional State Of Dairy Cows In Loose And Tied Housing System - Is There A Difference?. in Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium „Modern Trends in Livestock Production”
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_658

Ostojić Andrić D, Hristov S, Đedović R, Popova T, Pantelić V, Nikšić D, Micic N. Emotional State Of Dairy Cows In Loose And Tied Housing System - Is There A Difference?. in Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium „Modern Trends in Livestock Production”. 2019;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_658 .

Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Hristov, Slavča, Đedović, Radica, Popova, Teodora, Pantelić, Vlada, Nikšić, Dragan, Micic, Nenad, "Emotional State Of Dairy Cows In Loose And Tied Housing System - Is There A Difference?" in Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium „Modern Trends in Livestock Production” (2019),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_658 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Vesna, Krnjaja
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Stanojković, Aleksandar
AU  - Marinković, Miloš
AU  - Molerović, Nikola
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/653
AB  - Modern methods for assessing the welfare of dairy cows are, among other things, often based on the evaluation of animal behaviour. In this regard, behaviour is classified as the most reliable, so‑called animal‑based indicator as its expression comes from the animal itself and indicates a measure in which it has adapted to the environment. Starting from the need to explore the state of welfare and the ability to demonstrate adequate behaviour in dairy farms in Serbia, the Welfare Quality® Assessment Protocol for Cattle (2009) was used in this study. The overall assessment of behaviour was carried out by analysing four main criteria: social, other forms of behaviour, human‑animal relationship and emotional state. The results of the study conducted on a total of 16 dairy farms (N = 4,833 cows) show that the conditions for ensuring appropriate behaviour meet only minimum standards and that the greatest welfare risks arise from the impossibility of expressing natural behaviour, such as exploratory behaviour. The most pronounced negative tendencies within the assessment of the emotional status were those expressed to distress, frustration and boredom. Although the estimated general condition does not differ substantially from the same on EU farms, the need for its improvement is imposed first of all in terms of ensuring greater freedom of movement and more stimulating environment in cattle rearing.
T2  - https://acta.mendelu.cz/media/pdf/actaun_2019067040973.pdf
T1  - Study of cows’ behaviour and welfare on dairy farms in Serbia
VL  - 67
IS  - 4
SP  - 973
EP  - 979
DO  - https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967040973
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Hristov, Slavča and Vesna, Krnjaja and Nikšić, Dragan and Stanojković, Aleksandar and Marinković, Miloš and Molerović, Nikola",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Modern methods for assessing the welfare of dairy cows are, among other things, often based on the evaluation of animal behaviour. In this regard, behaviour is classified as the most reliable, so‑called animal‑based indicator as its expression comes from the animal itself and indicates a measure in which it has adapted to the environment. Starting from the need to explore the state of welfare and the ability to demonstrate adequate behaviour in dairy farms in Serbia, the Welfare Quality® Assessment Protocol for Cattle (2009) was used in this study. The overall assessment of behaviour was carried out by analysing four main criteria: social, other forms of behaviour, human‑animal relationship and emotional state. The results of the study conducted on a total of 16 dairy farms (N = 4,833 cows) show that the conditions for ensuring appropriate behaviour meet only minimum standards and that the greatest welfare risks arise from the impossibility of expressing natural behaviour, such as exploratory behaviour. The most pronounced negative tendencies within the assessment of the emotional status were those expressed to distress, frustration and boredom. Although the estimated general condition does not differ substantially from the same on EU farms, the need for its improvement is imposed first of all in terms of ensuring greater freedom of movement and more stimulating environment in cattle rearing.",
journal = "https://acta.mendelu.cz/media/pdf/actaun_2019067040973.pdf",
title = "Study of cows’ behaviour and welfare on dairy farms in Serbia",
volume = "67",
number = "4",
pages = "973-979",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967040973"
}

Ostojić Andrić, D., Hristov, S., Vesna, K., Nikšić, D., Stanojković, A., Marinković, M.,& Molerović, N.. (2019). Study of cows’ behaviour and welfare on dairy farms in Serbia. in https://acta.mendelu.cz/media/pdf/actaun_2019067040973.pdf, 67(4), 973-979.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967040973

Ostojić Andrić D, Hristov S, Vesna K, Nikšić D, Stanojković A, Marinković M, Molerović N. Study of cows’ behaviour and welfare on dairy farms in Serbia. in https://acta.mendelu.cz/media/pdf/actaun_2019067040973.pdf. 2019;67(4):973-979.
doi:https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967040973 .

Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Hristov, Slavča, Vesna, Krnjaja, Nikšić, Dragan, Stanojković, Aleksandar, Marinković, Miloš, Molerović, Nikola, "Study of cows’ behaviour and welfare on dairy farms in Serbia" in https://acta.mendelu.cz/media/pdf/actaun_2019067040973.pdf, 67, no. 4 (2019):973-979,
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967040973 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Maksimović, Nevena
AU  - Nakov, Dimitar
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/707
AB  - In this review paper, contradictions in modern livestock production
as dilemmas of farm animal welfare are considered. The main dilemma concerns
the question of whether extensive production in small farms is generally better than
intensive production in large farms. The next dilemma relates to an intensive
selection of animals and its impact on the emergence of welfare problems. Another
dilemma is related to the two main interconnected problems of pig welfare in
individual farrowing pens: the piglet death by crushing and the sows’ movement
restriction. Similarly, welfare dilemma is the paradox of parent flocks of broiler
line breeding that could not be solved until the pressure for genetic advancement in
production is required due to the economic efficiency. The next example of the
dilemma is the widespread practice of tail docking in piglets in order to reduce the
risk of tail biting. Although the tail docking is painful and may cause death,
anesthesia is usually not applied on farms. A similar example of the dilemma is
debeaking in the laying hens and the occurrence of feather pecking in free rearing
systems. It is important to notice the difference between the described dilemmas,
where one premise opposes the other, which is essentially a conflict between the
animal welfare goals and other values, such as economic, ethical and moral issues.
Finally, there are also some dilemmas about the consumers’ willingness to pay a
higher price of products that originate from welfare friendly rearing conditions.
PB  - University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Sciences
T1  - The most important dilemmas regarding the welfare of farm animals
VL  - 64
IS  - 4
SP  - 319
EP  - 340
DO  - 10.2298/JAS1904319H
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Hristov, Slavča and Stanković, Branislav and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Maksimović, Nevena and Nakov, Dimitar",
year = "2019",
abstract = "In this review paper, contradictions in modern livestock production
as dilemmas of farm animal welfare are considered. The main dilemma concerns
the question of whether extensive production in small farms is generally better than
intensive production in large farms. The next dilemma relates to an intensive
selection of animals and its impact on the emergence of welfare problems. Another
dilemma is related to the two main interconnected problems of pig welfare in
individual farrowing pens: the piglet death by crushing and the sows’ movement
restriction. Similarly, welfare dilemma is the paradox of parent flocks of broiler
line breeding that could not be solved until the pressure for genetic advancement in
production is required due to the economic efficiency. The next example of the
dilemma is the widespread practice of tail docking in piglets in order to reduce the
risk of tail biting. Although the tail docking is painful and may cause death,
anesthesia is usually not applied on farms. A similar example of the dilemma is
debeaking in the laying hens and the occurrence of feather pecking in free rearing
systems. It is important to notice the difference between the described dilemmas,
where one premise opposes the other, which is essentially a conflict between the
animal welfare goals and other values, such as economic, ethical and moral issues.
Finally, there are also some dilemmas about the consumers’ willingness to pay a
higher price of products that originate from welfare friendly rearing conditions.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Sciences",
title = "The most important dilemmas regarding the welfare of farm animals",
volume = "64",
number = "4",
pages = "319-340",
doi = "10.2298/JAS1904319H"
}

Hristov, S., Stanković, B., Ostojić Andrić, D., Maksimović, N.,& Nakov, D.. (2019). The most important dilemmas regarding the welfare of farm animals. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences
University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture., 64(4), 319-340.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1904319H

Hristov S, Stanković B, Ostojić Andrić D, Maksimović N, Nakov D. The most important dilemmas regarding the welfare of farm animals. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2019;64(4):319-340.
doi:10.2298/JAS1904319H .

Hristov, Slavča, Stanković, Branislav, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Maksimović, Nevena, Nakov, Dimitar, "The most important dilemmas regarding the welfare of farm animals" in Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 64, no. 4 (2019):319-340,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1904319H . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Beskorovajni, Radmila
PY  - 2018-11-23
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/916
AB  - The manifestation of various forms of behavioural disorder in calves up to 30 days old was monitored on two farms for a year during four seasons in one year. On both farms calves were separated from mothers immediately after birth. On the farm A calves were tied in the first week of life, while at the farm B they were kept in individual boxes. 
The following forms of behavioural disorder have been reported: apathy, twisting of the tongue, licking of the substrate and intersucking, while the appearance of aggression between calves has not been recorded.
Apathy was recorded in 16.28% of calves at farm A, most commonly in the age of 0-7 and 15 days, and in 84 calves (14.69%) at farm B, most often in the period immediately after birth. The occurrence of tongue twisting was recorded in 0.50% calves at farm A (2 at the age of 22 days and 1 at the age of 30), while no cases were reported at farm B. Calves were more susceptible to the licking of substrates (walls, fences, truncheons and other equipment) on both farms, since this phenomenon was observed in 8.89% of calves at farm A and 8.39% of calves at farm B at different ages; most often at the age of 30 days at Farm A, and at the age of 22 days at Farm B, while in the youngest age was the most common occurrence of this form of behaviour. Also, during the examined period on both farms there was a phenomenon of mutual calves sucking, 2.35% of calves at farm A, most often at the age of 22 days and 3.32% of calves at farm B, most often at the age of 8 and 22 days. The occurrence of the behavioral disorders in calves was the most frequent during the winter period, and the least frequent during autumn.
The observed behavioural disorders indicate poor welfare quality. It is thought to have been caused by failures in the technology of keeping and accommodation, as well as early separation of calves from mothers. They are caused by disabling calves to satisfy basic physiological needs in behaviour and contact with other animals or as a result of exposure to pain, fear and stress.
T2  - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun
T1  - Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life
SP  - 227
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Samolovac, Ljiljana and Hristov, Slavča and Stanković, Branislav and Beskorovajni, Radmila",
year = "2018-11-23",
abstract = "The manifestation of various forms of behavioural disorder in calves up to 30 days old was monitored on two farms for a year during four seasons in one year. On both farms calves were separated from mothers immediately after birth. On the farm A calves were tied in the first week of life, while at the farm B they were kept in individual boxes. 
The following forms of behavioural disorder have been reported: apathy, twisting of the tongue, licking of the substrate and intersucking, while the appearance of aggression between calves has not been recorded.
Apathy was recorded in 16.28% of calves at farm A, most commonly in the age of 0-7 and 15 days, and in 84 calves (14.69%) at farm B, most often in the period immediately after birth. The occurrence of tongue twisting was recorded in 0.50% calves at farm A (2 at the age of 22 days and 1 at the age of 30), while no cases were reported at farm B. Calves were more susceptible to the licking of substrates (walls, fences, truncheons and other equipment) on both farms, since this phenomenon was observed in 8.89% of calves at farm A and 8.39% of calves at farm B at different ages; most often at the age of 30 days at Farm A, and at the age of 22 days at Farm B, while in the youngest age was the most common occurrence of this form of behaviour. Also, during the examined period on both farms there was a phenomenon of mutual calves sucking, 2.35% of calves at farm A, most often at the age of 22 days and 3.32% of calves at farm B, most often at the age of 8 and 22 days. The occurrence of the behavioral disorders in calves was the most frequent during the winter period, and the least frequent during autumn.
The observed behavioural disorders indicate poor welfare quality. It is thought to have been caused by failures in the technology of keeping and accommodation, as well as early separation of calves from mothers. They are caused by disabling calves to satisfy basic physiological needs in behaviour and contact with other animals or as a result of exposure to pain, fear and stress.",
journal = "Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun",
title = "Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life",
pages = "227",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916"
}

Samolovac, L., Hristov, S., Stanković, B.,& Beskorovajni, R.. (2018-11-23). Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life. in Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun, 227.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916

Samolovac L, Hristov S, Stanković B, Beskorovajni R. Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life. in Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun. 2018;:227.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916 .

Samolovac, Ljiljana, Hristov, Slavča, Stanković, Branislav, Beskorovajni, Radmila, "Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life" in Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun (2018-11-23):227,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Relić, Renata
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Rogožarski, Dragan
PY  - 2014-06
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/923
AB  - Successful milk production is based on proper calf rearing, especially the youngest categories. However, the intensive production can result in oversights that can have very negative effects on the survival of calves and their further growth. In order to reduce mortality and to improve rearing conditions for calves, different welfare assessment systems have been offered. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has developed a risk analysis approach to analysis of calf welfare. In this paper, data on young calves’ mortality, morbidity and elements regarding colostrum management risk assessment at three Serbian large dairy farms were considered. The study was carried out during one year and data were collected from the farm records and by survey of employees. According to the results, calves mortality in the first 7 days of life ranged from 1.57% to 3.79% at the year level, and the most frequent causes of death were enteritis and bronchopneumonia. Risk related to colostrum management in all three farms was present, and may affect the quantity and quality of colostrum that calves received were not adequate. As the major failures at most of the farms the follows can be highlighted: lack of monitoring of ingested colostrum quantity and assessment of colostrum quality with a colostrometer and lack of routine supply of adequate stocks of frozen colostrum. The results pointed on procedures of colostrum management in which changes should be made, in aim to improve health and welfare of calves and production results as well.
T2  - Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine,
T1  - Colostrum Management in Calves’ Welfare Risk Assessment
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
SP  - 187
EP  - 192
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_923
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Relić, Renata and Hristov, Slavča and Samolovac, Ljiljana and Bojkovski, Jovan and Rogožarski, Dragan",
year = "2014-06",
abstract = "Successful milk production is based on proper calf rearing, especially the youngest categories. However, the intensive production can result in oversights that can have very negative effects on the survival of calves and their further growth. In order to reduce mortality and to improve rearing conditions for calves, different welfare assessment systems have been offered. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has developed a risk analysis approach to analysis of calf welfare. In this paper, data on young calves’ mortality, morbidity and elements regarding colostrum management risk assessment at three Serbian large dairy farms were considered. The study was carried out during one year and data were collected from the farm records and by survey of employees. According to the results, calves mortality in the first 7 days of life ranged from 1.57% to 3.79% at the year level, and the most frequent causes of death were enteritis and bronchopneumonia. Risk related to colostrum management in all three farms was present, and may affect the quantity and quality of colostrum that calves received were not adequate. As the major failures at most of the farms the follows can be highlighted: lack of monitoring of ingested colostrum quantity and assessment of colostrum quality with a colostrometer and lack of routine supply of adequate stocks of frozen colostrum. The results pointed on procedures of colostrum management in which changes should be made, in aim to improve health and welfare of calves and production results as well.",
journal = "Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine,",
title = "Colostrum Management in Calves’ Welfare Risk Assessment",
volume = "71",
number = "1",
pages = "187-192",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_923"
}

Relić, R., Hristov, S., Samolovac, L., Bojkovski, J.,& Rogožarski, D.. (2014-06). Colostrum Management in Calves’ Welfare Risk Assessment. in Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine,, 71(1), 187-192.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_923

Relić R, Hristov S, Samolovac L, Bojkovski J, Rogožarski D. Colostrum Management in Calves’ Welfare Risk Assessment. in Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine,. 2014;71(1):187-192.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_923 .

Relić, Renata, Hristov, Slavča, Samolovac, Ljiljana, Bojkovski, Jovan, Rogožarski, Dragan, "Colostrum Management in Calves’ Welfare Risk Assessment" in Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine,, 71, no. 1 (2014-06):187-192,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_923 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Petrović, Milan M.
AU  - Pantelić, Vlada
AU  - Aleksić, Stevica
AU  - Nikšić, Dragan
AU  - Dokmanović, M
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/690
AB  - Definition, implementation, analysis of relevance and development of standards of animal welfare on cattle farms have become very important issues in the late 20th and early 21 century. Today, the most widely accepted definition of welfare is that it is the condition of an animal as a response to its attempts to cope with the effects of the environment. Depending on the type, duration and intensity of action of stimuli and the condition of the animal this struggle can be successfully or unsuccessfully completed in which case the animal welfare is endangered. But how do you assess the welfare as satisfactory and when not? In declaration of welfare as a scientific field, the turning point was the observation of its measurable character or the fact that as a result of the reaction to the effects of the stimulus in the organism of the animal changes occur at the physical, physiological, behavioural and emotional level that can be measured. Traits mentioned belong to output or animal-based welfare indicators which have a primary role in the modern methods of assessment. Unlike them, input indicators relate to information resources (resource - based) and applied management (management - based) and are important as additional information in the evaluation. Problems and the importance of selecting indicators in the assessment of the quality of welfare are still present but the practical implementation of a wide variety of assessment methodologies over time should enable better perception, analysis and even synthesis of the most relevant indicators and targets for evaluation of the different methods. This paper presents an overview of the selection, implementation and use of indicators to assess the welfare of dairy cows with a special emphasis on two current methodologies.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun
C3  - Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade, Serbia, October 2-4, 2013
T1  - WELFARE INDICATORS OF DAIRY COWS - SELECTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ASSESSMENT
SP  - 66
EP  - 79
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_690
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Hristov, Slavča and Petrović, Milan M. and Pantelić, Vlada and Aleksić, Stevica and Nikšić, Dragan and Dokmanović, M",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Definition, implementation, analysis of relevance and development of standards of animal welfare on cattle farms have become very important issues in the late 20th and early 21 century. Today, the most widely accepted definition of welfare is that it is the condition of an animal as a response to its attempts to cope with the effects of the environment. Depending on the type, duration and intensity of action of stimuli and the condition of the animal this struggle can be successfully or unsuccessfully completed in which case the animal welfare is endangered. But how do you assess the welfare as satisfactory and when not? In declaration of welfare as a scientific field, the turning point was the observation of its measurable character or the fact that as a result of the reaction to the effects of the stimulus in the organism of the animal changes occur at the physical, physiological, behavioural and emotional level that can be measured. Traits mentioned belong to output or animal-based welfare indicators which have a primary role in the modern methods of assessment. Unlike them, input indicators relate to information resources (resource - based) and applied management (management - based) and are important as additional information in the evaluation. Problems and the importance of selecting indicators in the assessment of the quality of welfare are still present but the practical implementation of a wide variety of assessment methodologies over time should enable better perception, analysis and even synthesis of the most relevant indicators and targets for evaluation of the different methods. This paper presents an overview of the selection, implementation and use of indicators to assess the welfare of dairy cows with a special emphasis on two current methodologies.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun",
journal = "Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade, Serbia, October 2-4, 2013",
title = "WELFARE INDICATORS OF DAIRY COWS - SELECTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ASSESSMENT",
pages = "66-79",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_690"
}

Ostojić Andrić, D., Hristov, S., Petrović, M. M., Pantelić, V., Aleksić, S., Nikšić, D.,& Dokmanović, M.. (2013). WELFARE INDICATORS OF DAIRY COWS - SELECTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ASSESSMENT. in Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade, Serbia, October 2-4, 2013
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun., 66-79.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_690

Ostojić Andrić D, Hristov S, Petrović MM, Pantelić V, Aleksić S, Nikšić D, Dokmanović M. WELFARE INDICATORS OF DAIRY COWS - SELECTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ASSESSMENT. in Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade, Serbia, October 2-4, 2013. 2013;:66-79.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_690 .

Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Hristov, Slavča, Petrović, Milan M., Pantelić, Vlada, Aleksić, Stevica, Nikšić, Dragan, Dokmanović, M, "WELFARE INDICATORS OF DAIRY COWS - SELECTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ASSESSMENT" in Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium Modern Trends in Livestock Production, Belgrade, Serbia, October 2-4, 2013 (2013):66-79,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_690 .