Salinity stress effect on seed germination and seedling growth of some crop plants

Abstract

Soil salinity is one of the most important factors limiting crop productivity. It is known that the agricultural soils with high concentrations of salts increase day by day. For this reason, it is imperative to monitor the tolerance of crops and genotypes to salt stress because they have different threshold sensitivity. Generally, higher salinity levels in the media negatively affect the germination of seeds and seedling growth of most crops. Germination, germination speed and seedling growth parameters significantly decrease with increasing salt concentrations in the media. Soil salinity adversely affects germination, resulting in poor plant stand. Therefore, the development of salt tolerant genotypes of crops with promising yields would be an ideal solution for growing plants on these soils, as well as sustainable food and feed production.

Zaslanjivanje zemljišta je jedan od najvažnijih faktora koji ograničava produktivnost useva. Poznato je da površina poljoprivrednog zemljišta sa visokom koncentracijom soli raste iz dana u dan. Iz tog razloga, neophodno je pratiti toleranciju useva i genotipova na stres soli jer imaju različitu graničnu osetljivost. Generalno, viši nivoi saliniteta u medijuma negativno utiču na klijavost semena i rast klijanaca većine useva. Klijavost, brzina klijanja i rast klijanaca značajno se smanjuju sa povećanjem koncentracije soli u medijumu. U suštini, salinitet i kiselost negativno utiču na klijanje, što dovodi do lošeg (proređenog) sklopa. Stoga bi razvoj genotipova tolerantnih na soli sa obećavajućim prinosima bilo idealno rešenje za gajenje biljaka na takvim zemljištima, kao i za održivu proizvodnju hrane.