The effect of different fixed factors on carcass quality three breed fattening pigs

Abstract

Objective of the paper was to investigate the effect of sire breed and sex of their progeny as well as to study methods for assessment of carcass side quality. Quality of carcass of the progeny was determined according to Rulebook (1985) and share of meat on left carcass sides determined by dissection according to methodology recommended by EU (Commission Regulation EC No 3127/94 and Commission regulation EC No 1197/06) on 84 pigs-progeny of investigated sires. Animals investigated in this study were descendants of dams of F1 genotype Swedish Landrace x Large White (the first one designated is the dam) and two boars Duroc breed (n=36 progeny) and three boars Pietrain breed (n=48 progeny). Of total number of progeny, 42 animals were male castrates and 42 animals were female. It was established that sire breed influences (P (lt) 0.01) only the fat thickness on the rump (BFTR), whereas sires of Duroc breed influenced (P (lt) 0.05 to P (lt) 0.001) pre-slaughter mass (PSM), fat thickness in the middle of the back (BFT), share of meat in carcass sides EC No 3127/94 (EC 94) and share of meat in carcass sides EC No 1197/06 (EC 06). Sires within Pietrain breed exhibited effect on (P (lt) 0.05 to P (lt) 0.001) BFTR, EC 94 and EC 06. All investigated traits were influenced by sex (gender) (P (lt) 0.05 and P (lt) 0.001) except PSM, whereas the effect of genotype (P (lt) 0.001) was present only on PSM. Season of birth influenced only EC 94 and EC 06 (P (lt) 0.001). By implementation of new methods of assessment of meatiness (EC 94 and EC 06) was determined to have a higher proportion of meat (13.33% respectively 16.46%) relation to the Rulebook (1985).

Predmet istraživanja ove studije je utvrđivanje uticaj rase očeva, očeva, genotipa, pola i sezone rođenja na fenotipsku i genetsku varijabilnost pojedinih osobina kvaliteta polutki trorasnih hibrida. Utvrđeno je da između očeva dve rase (durok : pijetren) postoji mala razlika za procenjenu mesnatost (+0.53% JUS 85; - 1.33% EC 94 i -0.13% EC 06) potomaka koja nije statistički značajna (P>0.05). Posmatrajući očeve unutar rase durok utvrđena razlika između očeva br. 1 i 2 za procenjenu mesnatost potomaka EC 06 iznosila je 5.12% (P (lt) 0.05). Veća razlika (od 5.58%; P (lt) 0.01) za procenjenu mesnatost EC 06 utvrđena je između potomaka oca br. 3 i 4 rase pijetren. Između ispitivanih trorasnih genotipova nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike (P>0.05) za debljinu slanine i procenjenu mesnatost. Ženska grla su imala tanje slanine (-2.5 mm BFT i -1.37 mm BFTR) u odnosu na muška kastrirana grla samim tim imala su veće vrednosti za procenjenu mesnatost (+0.63% JUS 85; +2.66% EC 94 i +2.65% EC 06). Potomci ispitivanih očeva koji su rođeni u jesen imali su veću procenjenu mesnatost (+0.6% JUS 85; +5.07% EC 94 i +5.83% EC 06) i tanju slaninu (-1.54 mm BFT i -2.05 mm BFTR) u odnosu na grla koja su rođena u proleće. Sezona rođenja uticala je (P (lt) 0.001) na procenjenu mesnatost EC 94 i EC 06.