Reproduction parameters and fertility control in herds of dairy cows

Abstract

In order to achieve good reproduction and production results in herds of dairy cows, apart from basic conditions concerning housing, care and nutrition, it is necessary to carry out regular clinical examinations of genital organs. Such examinations are not carried out regularly in practice therefore often many reproduction disorders are not diagnosed timely. As consequence we have bad fertility results, considerably lower milk production and high level of culled females from the herd. Reproduction parameters in herds of dairy cows are important factors from the aspect of successful production and herd management. Analysis of certain parameters enables the definition of problems in production, as well as the cause of bed results. Majority of this parameters can be applied in large dairy cow herds, some are also applicable in smaller herds. In conditions of market economy demands for economically efficient production are more expressed therefore the adequate determination of mentioned parameters is of great importance.

Za postizanje dobrih reproduktivnih i proizvodnih rezultata u zapatima mlečnih krava, neophodno je pored ispunjenja uslova držanja i ishrane uraditi redovne kliničke preglede genitalnih organa. Ovi pregledi u praksi se ne primenjuju kontinuirano i često pa se tako mnogi reproduktivni poremećaji ne dijagnostikuju na vreme. To ima za posledicu loše rezultate plodnosti, znatno smanjenu proizvodnju mleka i veliki procenat izlučenih plotkinja iz zapata. Reproduktivni parametri u zapatima mlečnih krava su bitni faktori radi sagledavanja uspešnosti rada i upravljanja stadom. Analizom pojedinih parametara moguće je ustanoviti nastanak problema u proizvodnji, kao i otkrivanje uzroka koji dovode do loših rezultata. Mnogi od ovih parametara su primenljivi na većim zapatima krava, ali su pojedini primenljivi i u manjim zapatima.U tržišnim uslovima gajenja mlečnih krava sve su izraženiji zahtevi za ekonomičnom proizvodnjom pa s tim u vezi sagledavanje pojedinih parametara je od velike važnosti.