Identification and quantification of fungi in grass-leguminous silage

Abstract

Objective of the research was to determine the presence, total count and species of fungi in samples of grass-leguminous silages depending on the botanical composition of mixture, nitrogen fertilization and crop utilization phase. Most of identified fungi species are of Fusarium genus (80-91%). In analyzed samples of silage total fungi count in average for three year period of research (2005-2007) was 2.31-3.09 log10 CFU g-1 and it varied depending on the investigated factors. Factor of type of mixture had significant effect on fungi count in first two investigation years, whereas nitrogen fertilization caused variations in fungi count in the first and third investigation year. Cutting in early utilization phases statistically significantly influenced total fungi count only in one investigation year (2006).

Cilj istraživanja je bio da se odredi prisustvo, ukupan broj i vrste gljiva u uzorcima silaža travno-leguminoznih smeša u zavisnosti od botaničkog sastava smeše, đubrenja azotom i faze iskorišćavanja useva. Većinom su identifikovane vrste gljiva iz roda Fusarium (80-91%). U ispitivanim uzorcima silaže ukupan broj gljiva u proseku za trogodišnji period istraživanja (2005-2007) je bio od 2.31-3.09 log10 CFU g-1 i varirao je u zavisnosti od ispitivanih faktora. Faktor vrsta smeše je značajno uticao na broj gljiva u prve dve godine istraživanja, dok je đubrenje azotom prouzrokovalo variranja u broju gljiva u prvoj i trećoj godini istraživanja. Kosidba u ranijim fazama iskoršćivanja statistički značajno je uticala na ukupan broj gljiva samo u jednoj godini istraživanja (2006).