Gaspardy, Andras

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Značaj kliničkog pregleda genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova kao selekcijski kriterijum u unapređenju autohtonih rasa ovaca

Becskei, Zsolt; Savić, Mila; Tarić, Elmin; Bojkovski, Jovan; Gaspardy, Andras; Cekić, Bogdan; Dimitrijević, Vladimir

(2022-09)

TY  - CONF
AU  - Becskei, Zsolt
AU  - Savić, Mila
AU  - Tarić, Elmin
AU  - Bojkovski, Jovan
AU  - Gaspardy, Andras
AU  - Cekić, Bogdan
AU  - Dimitrijević, Vladimir
PY  - 2022-09
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/799
AB  - Poljoprivredna proizvodnja u Republici Srbiji predstavlja značajnu privrede. Stočarstvo pre svega karakterišu usitnjena porodična gazdinstva, koja se tradicionalno bave ovom delatnošću. Ovčarstvo predstavlja važnu granu stočarstva u Republici Srbiji, gde se na preko 155 000 poljoprivrednih gazdinstava gaji ukupno preko 1,7 miliona ovaca. Najveći deo populacije ovaca čine autohtone rase, u prvom redu različiti sojevi pramenke, zatim, u značajno manjem broju cigaja, koje se najčešće gaje u poluekstenzivnim sistemima. Mnogi sojevi autohtonih rasas imaju ugrožen status i neophodno je unaprediti mere očuvanja i zaštite ovih dragocenih autohotnih genetskih resursa, koji imaju značajan potencijal u održivoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji. Posebna pažnja treba da se posveti odabiru priplodnih ovnova, zbog toga što je njihov uticaj na populaciju najveći, s obzirom na činjenicu da jedan kvalitetan ovan, u sezoni parenja, upari preko 40 ovaca i ostavlja svoje brojne potomke. Iz tog razloga, prilikom izrade selekcijskih programa za određenu rasu, posebnu pažnju treba posvetiti priplodnim ovnovima i njihovim proizvodnim i reproduktivnim karakteristikama. Pored ostalih selekcijskih kriterijuma, kliničkim pregledom genitalnih organa i morfometrijskom analizom testisa pri odabiru kvalitetnih priplodnih ovnova u značajnoj meri se može poboljšati, ne samo zdravlje zapata, već i kvalitetne rasne odlike i brojnost populacije. Poznato je da je pored zdravstvenog statusa genitalnih organa, kapacitet testisa za proizvodnju sperme u srazmerom sa obimom testisa (veličina testisa). Ustanovljeno je da ovnovi sa većim obimom testisa ostavljaju veći uticaj na populaciju i mogu da se pare sa većim brojem ovaca. Oni ostavljaju veći broj potomaka, te svoje kvalitativne i kvantitativne rasne odlike mogu brže širiti u populaciji u odnosu na priplodnjake koji imaju manje testise, koji stvaraju manje sperme. Na osnovu literaturnih podataka, koji su proistekli iz opsežnih ispitivanja zaključeno je da priplodni ovnovi starosti preko 1,5 godine, sa zdravim genitalnim organima, moraju imati obim testisa najmanje 33 cm. Idealno bi bilo da svaki priplodnjak ima obim testisa ≥ 35 cm zbog toga što tada može uspešno da pari i preko 40 ovaca tokom sezone parenja. U zemljama sa razvijenim ovčarstvom, ova saznanja čine glavne selekcijske smernice i kriterijume, te je shodno tome, cilj da kvalitetni priplodnjaci imaju obim testisa ≥ 38 cm. Lipski soj pramenke predstavlja autohtonu rasu Republike Srbije, koji je prema klasifikaciji Pravilnika o genetičkim resursima do 2019. godine spadao u I kategoriju (kritično ugrožene rase), sa brojem priplodnih grla od oko 800 komada. Zahvaljujući subvencijama, brojnost populacije se povećala i u 2021. godini je postignuto 2 000 registrovanih priplodnih jedinki, tako da ona nije više kritično ugrožena, već spada u kategoriju „potencijalno ugroženih“. Ispitivanja populacija lipskog soja pramenke su dokazala da je zdravlje genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova dobro, prosečan obim testisa je 38,35 cm, ali je opseg varijacija velik. Ova vrednost podrazumeva odličan prosek na nivou cele populacije, ali zbog toga što je većina zapata mala (do 20 priplodnih jedinki) i često samo sa jednim ovnom u zapatu, ovnovi sa testisima nedovoljnog obima mogu imati nepovoljan uticaj, ne samo na zapat u kome se gaji, već i na celu populaciju lipske ovce. Sa aspekta očuvanja i unapređenja ovih dragocenih autohtonih genetičkih resursa, poželjno je osavremeniti i selekcijski pristup koji uključuje kriterijume vezane za genitalni trakt, sa ciljem da svaki zapat ima kvalitetnog ovna.
AB  - The agriculture represents an important branch of economy in the Republic of Serbia. Animal production is mainly based on traditional small family households. Sheep production is an important branch of agriculture in the Republic of Serbia, where a total of 1.7 milion sheep are reared in over 155.000 households, mainly under semiextensive menagement. The majority of sheep are autochthonous breeds and local types adapted to the local enviornment. Because of the endangered status of the autochthonous sheep breeds, conservation and improvement of these precious population is needed, as they have a major potential in the sustainable agricultural production. The main focus should be given to the selection of breeding rams, as they have the biggest impact on the population quality. One high quality breeding ram can mate over 40 ewes over the matin season and leave offspring. Taking this in mind, when the selection criterias are defined for a breed, a special attention should be given to the ram, to its productive and reproductive traits. Among other selection criteria, the clinical assessment of the genital tract with a special attention on scrotal circumference could result in better health and quality of the population. It is well known that rams with bigger scrotal circumference (bigger testicles) can have a better reproductive capacity and can serve more ewes in the mating season, what makes a stronger impact of rams on the population quality. In countries with specialized sheep production these characteristics are included into the selection measures and breeding rams older than 1.5 years with healthy genitals should have scrotal circumference of minimum 33 cm, and the ideal score means that the ram should have ≥ 35 cm, and the elite ones ≥ 38 cm. The Lipe sheep is a local autochthonous breed of the Republic of Serbia, which has a breeding population size of 800 animals in 2019. According to the national legislation that time it had a status of a critically endangered breed. As a result of higher subsidies for the last few years, the population size rises and im 2021 reached 2000 breeding animals which means it got a status of potentially endangered breed. Assessment of the genital tract of breeding rams of the Lipe sheep showed good health of the genitalia, with an average scrotal circumference of 38.35 cm, but with evidence of big variations. The average scrotal circumference of 38.35 cm means an excellent result on a population level. Eventhough the overall scrotal circumference is excellent on the population level, because of the fact that most of the herds are small (up to 20 breeding animals) with only one breeding ram, the animals with insufficient values of scrotal circumference (≥ 33 ) could have negative results not only at the herd level, but also at the population level of the endangered Lipe sheep. With the aim to improve and save the endangered autochthonous rare breed and ensure a high quality elite breeding rams in each flock, it is necessary to update the selective measures with a new criteria regarding the assessment of the male genital tract.
C3  - Zbornik radova i kratkih sadržaja sa 33. Savetovanja veterinara Srbije
T1  - Značaj kliničkog pregleda genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova kao selekcijski kriterijum u unapređenju autohtonih rasa ovaca
T1  - Importance of clinical assessment of the genital tract in breeding rams in the process of selection and improvement of autochthonous sheep breeds
SP  - 327
EP  - 329
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_799
ER  - 
@conference{
author = "Becskei, Zsolt and Savić, Mila and Tarić, Elmin and Bojkovski, Jovan and Gaspardy, Andras and Cekić, Bogdan and Dimitrijević, Vladimir",
year = "2022-09",
abstract = "Poljoprivredna proizvodnja u Republici Srbiji predstavlja značajnu privrede. Stočarstvo pre svega karakterišu usitnjena porodična gazdinstva, koja se tradicionalno bave ovom delatnošću. Ovčarstvo predstavlja važnu granu stočarstva u Republici Srbiji, gde se na preko 155 000 poljoprivrednih gazdinstava gaji ukupno preko 1,7 miliona ovaca. Najveći deo populacije ovaca čine autohtone rase, u prvom redu različiti sojevi pramenke, zatim, u značajno manjem broju cigaja, koje se najčešće gaje u poluekstenzivnim sistemima. Mnogi sojevi autohtonih rasas imaju ugrožen status i neophodno je unaprediti mere očuvanja i zaštite ovih dragocenih autohotnih genetskih resursa, koji imaju značajan potencijal u održivoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji. Posebna pažnja treba da se posveti odabiru priplodnih ovnova, zbog toga što je njihov uticaj na populaciju najveći, s obzirom na činjenicu da jedan kvalitetan ovan, u sezoni parenja, upari preko 40 ovaca i ostavlja svoje brojne potomke. Iz tog razloga, prilikom izrade selekcijskih programa za određenu rasu, posebnu pažnju treba posvetiti priplodnim ovnovima i njihovim proizvodnim i reproduktivnim karakteristikama. Pored ostalih selekcijskih kriterijuma, kliničkim pregledom genitalnih organa i morfometrijskom analizom testisa pri odabiru kvalitetnih priplodnih ovnova u značajnoj meri se može poboljšati, ne samo zdravlje zapata, već i kvalitetne rasne odlike i brojnost populacije. Poznato je da je pored zdravstvenog statusa genitalnih organa, kapacitet testisa za proizvodnju sperme u srazmerom sa obimom testisa (veličina testisa). Ustanovljeno je da ovnovi sa većim obimom testisa ostavljaju veći uticaj na populaciju i mogu da se pare sa većim brojem ovaca. Oni ostavljaju veći broj potomaka, te svoje kvalitativne i kvantitativne rasne odlike mogu brže širiti u populaciji u odnosu na priplodnjake koji imaju manje testise, koji stvaraju manje sperme. Na osnovu literaturnih podataka, koji su proistekli iz opsežnih ispitivanja zaključeno je da priplodni ovnovi starosti preko 1,5 godine, sa zdravim genitalnim organima, moraju imati obim testisa najmanje 33 cm. Idealno bi bilo da svaki priplodnjak ima obim testisa ≥ 35 cm zbog toga što tada može uspešno da pari i preko 40 ovaca tokom sezone parenja. U zemljama sa razvijenim ovčarstvom, ova saznanja čine glavne selekcijske smernice i kriterijume, te je shodno tome, cilj da kvalitetni priplodnjaci imaju obim testisa ≥ 38 cm. Lipski soj pramenke predstavlja autohtonu rasu Republike Srbije, koji je prema klasifikaciji Pravilnika o genetičkim resursima do 2019. godine spadao u I kategoriju (kritično ugrožene rase), sa brojem priplodnih grla od oko 800 komada. Zahvaljujući subvencijama, brojnost populacije se povećala i u 2021. godini je postignuto 2 000 registrovanih priplodnih jedinki, tako da ona nije više kritično ugrožena, već spada u kategoriju „potencijalno ugroženih“. Ispitivanja populacija lipskog soja pramenke su dokazala da je zdravlje genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova dobro, prosečan obim testisa je 38,35 cm, ali je opseg varijacija velik. Ova vrednost podrazumeva odličan prosek na nivou cele populacije, ali zbog toga što je većina zapata mala (do 20 priplodnih jedinki) i često samo sa jednim ovnom u zapatu, ovnovi sa testisima nedovoljnog obima mogu imati nepovoljan uticaj, ne samo na zapat u kome se gaji, već i na celu populaciju lipske ovce. Sa aspekta očuvanja i unapređenja ovih dragocenih autohtonih genetičkih resursa, poželjno je osavremeniti i selekcijski pristup koji uključuje kriterijume vezane za genitalni trakt, sa ciljem da svaki zapat ima kvalitetnog ovna., The agriculture represents an important branch of economy in the Republic of Serbia. Animal production is mainly based on traditional small family households. Sheep production is an important branch of agriculture in the Republic of Serbia, where a total of 1.7 milion sheep are reared in over 155.000 households, mainly under semiextensive menagement. The majority of sheep are autochthonous breeds and local types adapted to the local enviornment. Because of the endangered status of the autochthonous sheep breeds, conservation and improvement of these precious population is needed, as they have a major potential in the sustainable agricultural production. The main focus should be given to the selection of breeding rams, as they have the biggest impact on the population quality. One high quality breeding ram can mate over 40 ewes over the matin season and leave offspring. Taking this in mind, when the selection criterias are defined for a breed, a special attention should be given to the ram, to its productive and reproductive traits. Among other selection criteria, the clinical assessment of the genital tract with a special attention on scrotal circumference could result in better health and quality of the population. It is well known that rams with bigger scrotal circumference (bigger testicles) can have a better reproductive capacity and can serve more ewes in the mating season, what makes a stronger impact of rams on the population quality. In countries with specialized sheep production these characteristics are included into the selection measures and breeding rams older than 1.5 years with healthy genitals should have scrotal circumference of minimum 33 cm, and the ideal score means that the ram should have ≥ 35 cm, and the elite ones ≥ 38 cm. The Lipe sheep is a local autochthonous breed of the Republic of Serbia, which has a breeding population size of 800 animals in 2019. According to the national legislation that time it had a status of a critically endangered breed. As a result of higher subsidies for the last few years, the population size rises and im 2021 reached 2000 breeding animals which means it got a status of potentially endangered breed. Assessment of the genital tract of breeding rams of the Lipe sheep showed good health of the genitalia, with an average scrotal circumference of 38.35 cm, but with evidence of big variations. The average scrotal circumference of 38.35 cm means an excellent result on a population level. Eventhough the overall scrotal circumference is excellent on the population level, because of the fact that most of the herds are small (up to 20 breeding animals) with only one breeding ram, the animals with insufficient values of scrotal circumference (≥ 33 ) could have negative results not only at the herd level, but also at the population level of the endangered Lipe sheep. With the aim to improve and save the endangered autochthonous rare breed and ensure a high quality elite breeding rams in each flock, it is necessary to update the selective measures with a new criteria regarding the assessment of the male genital tract.",
journal = "Zbornik radova i kratkih sadržaja sa 33. Savetovanja veterinara Srbije",
title = "Značaj kliničkog pregleda genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova kao selekcijski kriterijum u unapređenju autohtonih rasa ovaca, Importance of clinical assessment of the genital tract in breeding rams in the process of selection and improvement of autochthonous sheep breeds",
pages = "327-329",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_799"
}
Becskei, Z., Savić, M., Tarić, E., Bojkovski, J., Gaspardy, A., Cekić, B.,& Dimitrijević, V.. (2022-09). Značaj kliničkog pregleda genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova kao selekcijski kriterijum u unapređenju autohtonih rasa ovaca. in Zbornik radova i kratkih sadržaja sa 33. Savetovanja veterinara Srbije, 327-329.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_799
Becskei Z, Savić M, Tarić E, Bojkovski J, Gaspardy A, Cekić B, Dimitrijević V. Značaj kliničkog pregleda genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova kao selekcijski kriterijum u unapređenju autohtonih rasa ovaca. in Zbornik radova i kratkih sadržaja sa 33. Savetovanja veterinara Srbije. 2022;:327-329.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_799 .
Becskei, Zsolt, Savić, Mila, Tarić, Elmin, Bojkovski, Jovan, Gaspardy, Andras, Cekić, Bogdan, Dimitrijević, Vladimir, "Značaj kliničkog pregleda genitalnih organa priplodnih ovnova kao selekcijski kriterijum u unapređenju autohtonih rasa ovaca" in Zbornik radova i kratkih sadržaja sa 33. Savetovanja veterinara Srbije (2022-09):327-329,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_799 .

The importance of autochthonous breeds in sustainable production

Becskei, Zsolt; Savić, Mila; Tarić, Elmin; Bjedov, Siniša; Cekić, Bogdan; Paskaš, Snežana; Gaspardy, Andras

(2022-07)

TY  - CONF
AU  - Becskei, Zsolt
AU  - Savić, Mila
AU  - Tarić, Elmin
AU  - Bjedov, Siniša
AU  - Cekić, Bogdan
AU  - Paskaš, Snežana
AU  - Gaspardy, Andras
PY  - 2022-07
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/800
AB  - Autochthonous breeds are the pillar of sustainable animal production worldwide. From a total of 8719 livestock breeds, 26 percent are classified as at risk of extinction, 13 percent as not at risk, 6 percent as extinct and 55 percent as being of unknown risk status. Therefore, conservation is of high priority. The Podolian cattle is one of the most endangered breed from the list of native breeds of livestock in Serbia. In 2021 only 338 breeding animals were registered. The breed is known as a precious resource of the local landscape enrichment, national heritage and history. According to the population size of the Podolian cattle, a slight increasing tendency can be evidented. The population size is variable (154 breeding animals in 2009, 252 in 2010, 270 in 2011, 260 in 2012, 264 in 2013, 306 in 2014, 258 in 2015, 263 in 2016, 338 in 2017, 317 in 2018, 357 in 2019, 416 in 2020 and 338 in 2021). The Podolian cattle population in Serbia belongs to the I group (critically endangered). Over the time the governmental subsidies influenced the overall slight increase of the number of breeding animals, but the population size is not stabile. Improved conservation program should be applied to save the autochthonous endangered breed suitable for heritage oriented sustainable production in an authentic environment.
C3  - Proceedings of the joint International congers on Farm Animal Diversity and the 31st Annual Conference of the International Association for the Conservation of Animal Breeds in the Danube Region (DAGENE)
T1  - The importance of autochthonous breeds in sustainable production
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_800
ER  - 
@conference{
author = "Becskei, Zsolt and Savić, Mila and Tarić, Elmin and Bjedov, Siniša and Cekić, Bogdan and Paskaš, Snežana and Gaspardy, Andras",
year = "2022-07",
abstract = "Autochthonous breeds are the pillar of sustainable animal production worldwide. From a total of 8719 livestock breeds, 26 percent are classified as at risk of extinction, 13 percent as not at risk, 6 percent as extinct and 55 percent as being of unknown risk status. Therefore, conservation is of high priority. The Podolian cattle is one of the most endangered breed from the list of native breeds of livestock in Serbia. In 2021 only 338 breeding animals were registered. The breed is known as a precious resource of the local landscape enrichment, national heritage and history. According to the population size of the Podolian cattle, a slight increasing tendency can be evidented. The population size is variable (154 breeding animals in 2009, 252 in 2010, 270 in 2011, 260 in 2012, 264 in 2013, 306 in 2014, 258 in 2015, 263 in 2016, 338 in 2017, 317 in 2018, 357 in 2019, 416 in 2020 and 338 in 2021). The Podolian cattle population in Serbia belongs to the I group (critically endangered). Over the time the governmental subsidies influenced the overall slight increase of the number of breeding animals, but the population size is not stabile. Improved conservation program should be applied to save the autochthonous endangered breed suitable for heritage oriented sustainable production in an authentic environment.",
journal = "Proceedings of the joint International congers on Farm Animal Diversity and the 31st Annual Conference of the International Association for the Conservation of Animal Breeds in the Danube Region (DAGENE)",
title = "The importance of autochthonous breeds in sustainable production",
pages = "14-14",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_800"
}
Becskei, Z., Savić, M., Tarić, E., Bjedov, S., Cekić, B., Paskaš, S.,& Gaspardy, A.. (2022-07). The importance of autochthonous breeds in sustainable production. in Proceedings of the joint International congers on Farm Animal Diversity and the 31st Annual Conference of the International Association for the Conservation of Animal Breeds in the Danube Region (DAGENE), 14-14.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_800
Becskei Z, Savić M, Tarić E, Bjedov S, Cekić B, Paskaš S, Gaspardy A. The importance of autochthonous breeds in sustainable production. in Proceedings of the joint International congers on Farm Animal Diversity and the 31st Annual Conference of the International Association for the Conservation of Animal Breeds in the Danube Region (DAGENE). 2022;:14-14.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_800 .
Becskei, Zsolt, Savić, Mila, Tarić, Elmin, Bjedov, Siniša, Cekić, Bogdan, Paskaš, Snežana, Gaspardy, Andras, "The importance of autochthonous breeds in sustainable production" in Proceedings of the joint International congers on Farm Animal Diversity and the 31st Annual Conference of the International Association for the Conservation of Animal Breeds in the Danube Region (DAGENE) (2022-07):14-14,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_800 .

Estimation of nonadditive genetic influences on standard lactation production (305 days) in upgrading of Serbian-Fleckvieh to Holstein-Friesian cattle breed

Nemes, Zolt; Lukac, Dragomir; Petrović, Milan M.; Komlosi, Istvan; Gaspardy, Andras

(Croatian Dairy Union, Zagreb, 2016)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nemes, Zolt
AU  - Lukac, Dragomir
AU  - Petrović, Milan M.
AU  - Komlosi, Istvan
AU  - Gaspardy, Andras
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/505
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to estimate the effects of systematic factors, primarily the degree of crossing, on the standard lactation lengths of 305 days in 6 different genotypes of cows (F-1, R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5) obtained by the upgrading of the Serbian Fleckvieh (SF) to the Holstein-Friesian (HF) breed of cattle. The systematic effects included in the general linear model (GLM) exerted a significant (P (lt) 0.05) influence on the milk yield, as well as the fat yield and content. During the upgrading process, statistically significant (P (lt) 0.05) differences were recorded between the traits of the genotypes examined. With an increase in the share of HF genes, the milk yield increased from 5020 kg (F-1) to 5801 kg (R-5) and the fat yield from 176.2 kg to 201.6 kg, whereas the fat content simultaneously decreased from 3.55 % (F-1) to 3.49 % (R-5). The F-1 cows had the highest heterosis realized (h(R)) regarding the milk yield (185.8 kg), while the R-1 and R-2 cows displayed negative heterosis effects (-21.0 and -205.7 kg) and negative recombination effects (r(I)). The highest value of le (regarding the milk fat yield) was recorded in the F-1 cows (6.07 kg) in comparison with the R-2 cows, which had the negative h(R) (-3.79 kg), whereas the negative r(I) was recorded in the R-1 and R-2 genotypes. The positive r(I) (regarding the milk fat content) was recorded in the R-1, R-2 and R-3 genotypes accompanied by the positive h(R).
PB  - Croatian Dairy Union, Zagreb
T2  - Mljekarstvo
T1  - Estimation of nonadditive genetic influences on standard lactation production (305 days) in upgrading of Serbian-Fleckvieh to Holstein-Friesian cattle breed
VL  - 66
IS  - 4
SP  - 330
EP  - 336
DO  - 10.15567/mljekarstvo.2016.0409
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Nemes, Zolt and Lukac, Dragomir and Petrović, Milan M. and Komlosi, Istvan and Gaspardy, Andras",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The purpose of this paper is to estimate the effects of systematic factors, primarily the degree of crossing, on the standard lactation lengths of 305 days in 6 different genotypes of cows (F-1, R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5) obtained by the upgrading of the Serbian Fleckvieh (SF) to the Holstein-Friesian (HF) breed of cattle. The systematic effects included in the general linear model (GLM) exerted a significant (P (lt) 0.05) influence on the milk yield, as well as the fat yield and content. During the upgrading process, statistically significant (P (lt) 0.05) differences were recorded between the traits of the genotypes examined. With an increase in the share of HF genes, the milk yield increased from 5020 kg (F-1) to 5801 kg (R-5) and the fat yield from 176.2 kg to 201.6 kg, whereas the fat content simultaneously decreased from 3.55 % (F-1) to 3.49 % (R-5). The F-1 cows had the highest heterosis realized (h(R)) regarding the milk yield (185.8 kg), while the R-1 and R-2 cows displayed negative heterosis effects (-21.0 and -205.7 kg) and negative recombination effects (r(I)). The highest value of le (regarding the milk fat yield) was recorded in the F-1 cows (6.07 kg) in comparison with the R-2 cows, which had the negative h(R) (-3.79 kg), whereas the negative r(I) was recorded in the R-1 and R-2 genotypes. The positive r(I) (regarding the milk fat content) was recorded in the R-1, R-2 and R-3 genotypes accompanied by the positive h(R).",
publisher = "Croatian Dairy Union, Zagreb",
journal = "Mljekarstvo",
title = "Estimation of nonadditive genetic influences on standard lactation production (305 days) in upgrading of Serbian-Fleckvieh to Holstein-Friesian cattle breed",
volume = "66",
number = "4",
pages = "330-336",
doi = "10.15567/mljekarstvo.2016.0409"
}
Nemes, Z., Lukac, D., Petrović, M. M., Komlosi, I.,& Gaspardy, A.. (2016). Estimation of nonadditive genetic influences on standard lactation production (305 days) in upgrading of Serbian-Fleckvieh to Holstein-Friesian cattle breed. in Mljekarstvo
Croatian Dairy Union, Zagreb., 66(4), 330-336.
https://doi.org/10.15567/mljekarstvo.2016.0409
Nemes Z, Lukac D, Petrović MM, Komlosi I, Gaspardy A. Estimation of nonadditive genetic influences on standard lactation production (305 days) in upgrading of Serbian-Fleckvieh to Holstein-Friesian cattle breed. in Mljekarstvo. 2016;66(4):330-336.
doi:10.15567/mljekarstvo.2016.0409 .
Nemes, Zolt, Lukac, Dragomir, Petrović, Milan M., Komlosi, Istvan, Gaspardy, Andras, "Estimation of nonadditive genetic influences on standard lactation production (305 days) in upgrading of Serbian-Fleckvieh to Holstein-Friesian cattle breed" in Mljekarstvo, 66, no. 4 (2016):330-336,
https://doi.org/10.15567/mljekarstvo.2016.0409 . .
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