TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Munaut, Françoise
AU  - Scauflaire, Jonathan
AU  - Stanković, Slavica
AU  - Ivanović, Dragica
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://journals.modares.ac.ir/article-23-12766-en.html
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/614
AB  - Morphological, biological, and phylogenetic approaches were undertaken for the identification of pathogenic species F. temperatum in the Serbian population of F. subglutinans collected in the 1999-2010 period from Zea mays (3 root, 15 stalk, and 6 seed samples), Sorghum bicolor (two seed samples), Hordeum vulgare (one seed sample) and Taraxacum officinale (one seed sample). Based on interspecies mating compatibility analyses and the maximum parsimony analysis of EF-1α sequences, only two strains, originating from S. bicolor seed (MRIZP 0418 and MRIZP 0552), were identified as F. temperatum, while the remaining 26 single-spore strains were identified as F. subglutinans Group 2. In situ detached barley leaf assay and artificially stalk and ear inoculation of two maize hybrids demonstrated that both F. temperatum and F. subglutinans strains were medium and strong pathogens under laboratory and field conditions, respectively. These are the first data on the F. temperatum as seed-borne pathogens of sorghum, as well as pathogenicity of F. temperatum strains on maize.
PB  - University of Tarbiat Modarres, Faculty of Agriculture, Tehran, Iran
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
T1  - Polyphasic approach used for distinguishing Fusarium temperatum from Fusarium subglutinans
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
SP  - 221
EP  - 232
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_614
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Munaut, Françoise and Scauflaire, Jonathan and Stanković, Slavica and Ivanović, Dragica and Krnjaja, Vesna",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Morphological, biological, and phylogenetic approaches were undertaken for the identification of pathogenic species F. temperatum in the Serbian population of F. subglutinans collected in the 1999-2010 period from Zea mays (3 root, 15 stalk, and 6 seed samples), Sorghum bicolor (two seed samples), Hordeum vulgare (one seed sample) and Taraxacum officinale (one seed sample). Based on interspecies mating compatibility analyses and the maximum parsimony analysis of EF-1α sequences, only two strains, originating from S. bicolor seed (MRIZP 0418 and MRIZP 0552), were identified as F. temperatum, while the remaining 26 single-spore strains were identified as F. subglutinans Group 2. In situ detached barley leaf assay and artificially stalk and ear inoculation of two maize hybrids demonstrated that both F. temperatum and F. subglutinans strains were medium and strong pathogens under laboratory and field conditions, respectively. These are the first data on the F. temperatum as seed-borne pathogens of sorghum, as well as pathogenicity of F. temperatum strains on maize.",
publisher = "University of Tarbiat Modarres, Faculty of Agriculture, Tehran, Iran",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology",
title = "Polyphasic approach used for distinguishing Fusarium temperatum from Fusarium subglutinans",
volume = "21",
number = "1",
pages = "221-232",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_614"
}

Lević, J., Munaut, F., Scauflaire, J., Stanković, S., Ivanović, D.,& Krnjaja, V.. (2018). Polyphasic approach used for distinguishing Fusarium temperatum from Fusarium subglutinans. in Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
University of Tarbiat Modarres, Faculty of Agriculture, Tehran, Iran., 21(1), 221-232.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_614

Lević J, Munaut F, Scauflaire J, Stanković S, Ivanović D, Krnjaja V. Polyphasic approach used for distinguishing Fusarium temperatum from Fusarium subglutinans. in Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2018;21(1):221-232.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_614 .

Lević, Jelena, Munaut, Françoise, Scauflaire, Jonathan, Stanković, Slavica, Ivanović, Dragica, Krnjaja, Vesna, "Polyphasic approach used for distinguishing Fusarium temperatum from Fusarium subglutinans" in Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 21, no. 1 (2018):221-232,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_614 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Mandić, Violeta
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Petrović, Tanja S.
AU  - Vasić, Tanja
AU  - Obradović, Ana
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/453
AB  - In this study, the influence of nitrogen (N)-fertilization on Fusarium head blight (FHB) intensity (disease index), spike weight (SW), grain weight per spike (GWS), fungal incidence and deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) contamination was evaluated in winter wheat after artificial inoculation with Fuserium graminearum under field conditions. The trial was conducted using two Serbian wheat cultivars (Pobeda and Renesansa) during two growing seasons (2010-2011 and 2011-2012). Three nitrogen rates, 0, 75 and 150 kg N ha(-1) were evaluated. Nitrogen at higher rates (75 and 150 kg ha(-1)) significantly increased SW and GWS in 2011 but there was no significant impact on FHB index in both growing seasons. ;Cultivars did not differ significantly in SW and GWS; however, FHB index was significantly higher (P = 0.05) in Renesansa in 2012. The effect of N rates was not significant on incidence of F. graminearum and DON and ZON levels in wheat kernels in 2011, but it was significant (P  (lt) = 0.01) in 2012 in which the highest level of incidence of E graminearum and mycotoxins was observed in the treatment with 150 kg N ha(-1). In both growing seasons, the effects of cultivar and spike treatments were significant (P  (lt) = 0.01) for DON, whereas these effects were not significant for ZON in 2011. Higher levels of DON were observed in Pobeda, whereas Renesansa had higher levels of ZON. Furthermore, there were higher levels of DON and ZON in inoculated than non-inoculated spikes in both growing seasons. These results indicated that nitrogen fertilization did not increase FHB intensity in both growing seasons and did not increase levels of DON and ZON in 2011. On the other hand, artificial inoculation significantly increased FHB index in both growing seasons, resulting in greater contamination of kernels with E graminearum and mycotoxins, in particular DON. Although the two cultivars differed in their effects on some of the investigated parameters, both were susceptible to FHB and mycotoxin accumulation, in particular DON. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Crop Protection
T1  - Influence of N-fertilization on Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin levels in winter wheat
VL  - 67
SP  - 251
EP  - 256
DO  - 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.11.001
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Mandić, Violeta and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Petrović, Tanja S. and Vasić, Tanja and Obradović, Ana",
year = "2015",
abstract = "In this study, the influence of nitrogen (N)-fertilization on Fusarium head blight (FHB) intensity (disease index), spike weight (SW), grain weight per spike (GWS), fungal incidence and deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) contamination was evaluated in winter wheat after artificial inoculation with Fuserium graminearum under field conditions. The trial was conducted using two Serbian wheat cultivars (Pobeda and Renesansa) during two growing seasons (2010-2011 and 2011-2012). Three nitrogen rates, 0, 75 and 150 kg N ha(-1) were evaluated. Nitrogen at higher rates (75 and 150 kg ha(-1)) significantly increased SW and GWS in 2011 but there was no significant impact on FHB index in both growing seasons. ;Cultivars did not differ significantly in SW and GWS; however, FHB index was significantly higher (P = 0.05) in Renesansa in 2012. The effect of N rates was not significant on incidence of F. graminearum and DON and ZON levels in wheat kernels in 2011, but it was significant (P  (lt) = 0.01) in 2012 in which the highest level of incidence of E graminearum and mycotoxins was observed in the treatment with 150 kg N ha(-1). In both growing seasons, the effects of cultivar and spike treatments were significant (P  (lt) = 0.01) for DON, whereas these effects were not significant for ZON in 2011. Higher levels of DON were observed in Pobeda, whereas Renesansa had higher levels of ZON. Furthermore, there were higher levels of DON and ZON in inoculated than non-inoculated spikes in both growing seasons. These results indicated that nitrogen fertilization did not increase FHB intensity in both growing seasons and did not increase levels of DON and ZON in 2011. On the other hand, artificial inoculation significantly increased FHB index in both growing seasons, resulting in greater contamination of kernels with E graminearum and mycotoxins, in particular DON. Although the two cultivars differed in their effects on some of the investigated parameters, both were susceptible to FHB and mycotoxin accumulation, in particular DON. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Crop Protection",
title = "Influence of N-fertilization on Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin levels in winter wheat",
volume = "67",
pages = "251-256",
doi = "10.1016/j.cropro.2014.11.001"
}

Krnjaja, V., Mandić, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Petrović, T. S., Vasić, T.,& Obradović, A.. (2015). Influence of N-fertilization on Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin levels in winter wheat. in Crop Protection
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 67, 251-256.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2014.11.001

Krnjaja V, Mandić V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Petrović TS, Vasić T, Obradović A. Influence of N-fertilization on Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin levels in winter wheat. in Crop Protection. 2015;67:251-256.
doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2014.11.001 .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Mandić, Violeta, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Petrović, Tanja S., Vasić, Tanja, Obradović, Ana, "Influence of N-fertilization on Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin levels in winter wheat" in Crop Protection, 67 (2015):251-256,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2014.11.001 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tančić, Sonja L.
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/474
AB  - A total of 39 Fusarium graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. semitectum and F. equiseti isolates, originating from wheat and maize samples collected at 10 locations in Serbia, were analyzed by ELISA method for their potential of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) production under optimal laboratory conditions. Fusarium graminearum isolates with the highest intraspecies variability were the best producers of both deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. In contrast, F. equiseti isolates were the weakest producers of these two toxins. Considering the plant origin of the isolates, wheat-originating F. sporotrichioides isolates were better deoxynivalenol producers, while the maize-originating isolates produced more zearalenone. There was no clear difference in ZEA production between wheat- and maizeoriginating isolates of F. graminearum, while higher average DON concentrations were produced by F. graminearum wheat-originating isolates. Negative correlation was detected between the production of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone by various Fusarium spp.
AB  - Potencijal za stvaranje deoksinivalenola (DON) i zearalenona (ZEA) ukupno 39 izolata vrsta Fusarium graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. semitectum i F. Equiseti, poreklom iz zrna pšenice i kukuruza sa 10 različitih lokaliteta u Srbiji, analiziran je u optimalnim laboratorijskim uslovima ELISA testom. Izolati vrste F. graminearum su imali najvišu intraspecijsku varijabilnost i ujedno su bili najveći proizvođači i deoksinivalenola i zearalenona. Nasuprot njima, izolati F. equiseti su bili najslabiji proizvođači ova dva mikotoksina. S obzirom na poreklo izolata, F. sporotrichioides izolati poreklom sa pšenice su bili bolji proizvođači deoksinivalenola, dok su izolati ove vrste poreklom sa kukuruza stvarali više koncentracije zearalenona. Među F. graminearum izolatima nije bilo jasne razlike u sintetisanim koncentracijama ZEA zavisno od porekla izolata, dok je pri sintezi DON-a uočena viša prosečna koncentracija sintetisana od strane F. graminearum izolata poreklom sa pšenice. Negativna korelacija je registrovana između sinteze deoksinivalenola i zearalenona od strane Fusarium spp.
PB  - Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade
T2  - Pesticidi i fitomedicina
T1  - Correlation of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone production by Fusarium species originating from wheat and maize grain
T1  - Korelacija sinteze deoksinivalenola i zearalenola od strane Fusarium izolata poreklom sa zrna pšenice i kukuruza
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
SP  - 99
EP  - 105
DO  - 10.2298/pif1502099T
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Tančić, Sonja L. and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Lević, Jelena and Krnjaja, Vesna",
year = "2015",
abstract = "A total of 39 Fusarium graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. semitectum and F. equiseti isolates, originating from wheat and maize samples collected at 10 locations in Serbia, were analyzed by ELISA method for their potential of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) production under optimal laboratory conditions. Fusarium graminearum isolates with the highest intraspecies variability were the best producers of both deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. In contrast, F. equiseti isolates were the weakest producers of these two toxins. Considering the plant origin of the isolates, wheat-originating F. sporotrichioides isolates were better deoxynivalenol producers, while the maize-originating isolates produced more zearalenone. There was no clear difference in ZEA production between wheat- and maizeoriginating isolates of F. graminearum, while higher average DON concentrations were produced by F. graminearum wheat-originating isolates. Negative correlation was detected between the production of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone by various Fusarium spp., Potencijal za stvaranje deoksinivalenola (DON) i zearalenona (ZEA) ukupno 39 izolata vrsta Fusarium graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. semitectum i F. Equiseti, poreklom iz zrna pšenice i kukuruza sa 10 različitih lokaliteta u Srbiji, analiziran je u optimalnim laboratorijskim uslovima ELISA testom. Izolati vrste F. graminearum su imali najvišu intraspecijsku varijabilnost i ujedno su bili najveći proizvođači i deoksinivalenola i zearalenona. Nasuprot njima, izolati F. equiseti su bili najslabiji proizvođači ova dva mikotoksina. S obzirom na poreklo izolata, F. sporotrichioides izolati poreklom sa pšenice su bili bolji proizvođači deoksinivalenola, dok su izolati ove vrste poreklom sa kukuruza stvarali više koncentracije zearalenona. Među F. graminearum izolatima nije bilo jasne razlike u sintetisanim koncentracijama ZEA zavisno od porekla izolata, dok je pri sintezi DON-a uočena viša prosečna koncentracija sintetisana od strane F. graminearum izolata poreklom sa pšenice. Negativna korelacija je registrovana između sinteze deoksinivalenola i zearalenona od strane Fusarium spp.",
publisher = "Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade",
journal = "Pesticidi i fitomedicina",
title = "Correlation of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone production by Fusarium species originating from wheat and maize grain, Korelacija sinteze deoksinivalenola i zearalenola od strane Fusarium izolata poreklom sa zrna pšenice i kukuruza",
volume = "30",
number = "2",
pages = "99-105",
doi = "10.2298/pif1502099T"
}

Tančić, S. L., Stanković, S. Ž., Lević, J.,& Krnjaja, V.. (2015). Correlation of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone production by Fusarium species originating from wheat and maize grain. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina
Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade., 30(2), 99-105.
https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1502099T

Tančić SL, Stanković SŽ, Lević J, Krnjaja V. Correlation of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone production by Fusarium species originating from wheat and maize grain. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2015;30(2):99-105.
doi:10.2298/pif1502099T .

Tančić, Sonja L., Stanković, Slavica Ž., Lević, Jelena, Krnjaja, Vesna, "Correlation of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone production by Fusarium species originating from wheat and maize grain" in Pesticidi i fitomedicina, 30, no. 2 (2015):99-105,
https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1502099T . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Petrović, Tanja S.
AU  - Mandić, Violeta
AU  - Tomić, Zorica
AU  - Obradović, A.
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/403
AB  - Natural occurrence of Fusarium spp. and concentrations of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grain of the winter wheat moderately susceptible to Fusarium head blight (FHB) has been studied. Grain samples were collected from wheat crops intended mainly for human consumption. All wheat crops were treated with fungicides before (a.i. flutriafol - formulated as Fluoco, applied in dose of 0.5 l ha-1) and during the flowering phase of growing (a.i. thiophanate-methyl + epoxiconazole formulated as Eskorta plus and a.i. thiophanate-methyl formulated as Funomil, applied in doses of 0.75 and 0.5 l ha-1, respectivily). Among of Fusarium species only F. graminearum, as a well known producer of DON, was identified. This fungus was identified in 15 of 19 samples (78.9%) with incidence in positive samples of 2 to 28% (average, 14.0%). Presence of DON was established in 13 of a total 19 investigated wheat grain samples (68.4%). In positive samples DON was detected in concentrations from 69 to 918 μg kg-1 (average, 478 μg kg-1). DON showed a significant and positive correlation at P≥0.05 with grain moisture content (r = 0.52*). Between the frequency of F. graminearum and concentration of DON and between the frequency of F. graminearum and grain moisture content, positive correlation was determined, but without statistical significance (r = 0.44 and r = 0.29, respectively).
AB  - U radu je proučavana prirodna pojava Fusarium spp. i koncentracija mikotoksina deoksinivalenola (DON) u zrnu ozime pšenice srednje osetljive prema fuzariozi klasa (FHB). Uzorci zrna su prikupljeni sa proizvodnih useva pšenice namenjene uglavnom za ljudsku upotrebu. Svi usevi pšenice bili su tretirani sa fungicidima pre (a.m. flutriafol - formulisana kao preparat Fluoco, primenjen u dozi 0,5 l ha-1) i tokom cvetanja biljaka (a.m. tiofanat-metil + epoksikonazol formulisana kao preparat Eskorta plus i a.m. tiofanat-metil formulisana kao Funomil, primenjeni u dozi 0.75 i 0.5 l ha-1, respektivno). Među Fusarium vrstama jedino je identifikovana F. graminearum, koja je poznati producent DON. Ova gljiva je bila identifikovana u 15 od 19 uzoraka (78.9%) sa incidencom od 2 do 28% (prosek 14.0%) u pozitivnim uzorcima. Prisustvo DON je utvrđeno u 13 od ukupno 19 proučavanih uzoraka pšenice (68.4%). U pozitivnim uzorcima DON je detektovan u koncentracijama od 69 do 918 μg kg-1 (prosek 478 μg kg-1). DON je pokazao značajnu i pozitivnu korelaciju pri P≥0.05 sa sadržajem vlage zrna (r = 0.52*). Između učestalosti F. graminearum i koncentracije DON i učestalosti F. graminearum i sadržaja vlage zrna utvrđena je, takođe, pozitivna korelacija ali statistički nije značajna (r = 0.44 i r = 0.29, respektivno).
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Presence of deoxynivalenol in winter wheat treated with fungicides
T1  - Prisustvo deoksinivalenola u ozimoj pšenici tretiranoj s fungicidima
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
SP  - 167
EP  - 173
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1401167K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Petrović, Tanja S. and Mandić, Violeta and Tomić, Zorica and Obradović, A.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Natural occurrence of Fusarium spp. and concentrations of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grain of the winter wheat moderately susceptible to Fusarium head blight (FHB) has been studied. Grain samples were collected from wheat crops intended mainly for human consumption. All wheat crops were treated with fungicides before (a.i. flutriafol - formulated as Fluoco, applied in dose of 0.5 l ha-1) and during the flowering phase of growing (a.i. thiophanate-methyl + epoxiconazole formulated as Eskorta plus and a.i. thiophanate-methyl formulated as Funomil, applied in doses of 0.75 and 0.5 l ha-1, respectivily). Among of Fusarium species only F. graminearum, as a well known producer of DON, was identified. This fungus was identified in 15 of 19 samples (78.9%) with incidence in positive samples of 2 to 28% (average, 14.0%). Presence of DON was established in 13 of a total 19 investigated wheat grain samples (68.4%). In positive samples DON was detected in concentrations from 69 to 918 μg kg-1 (average, 478 μg kg-1). DON showed a significant and positive correlation at P≥0.05 with grain moisture content (r = 0.52*). Between the frequency of F. graminearum and concentration of DON and between the frequency of F. graminearum and grain moisture content, positive correlation was determined, but without statistical significance (r = 0.44 and r = 0.29, respectively)., U radu je proučavana prirodna pojava Fusarium spp. i koncentracija mikotoksina deoksinivalenola (DON) u zrnu ozime pšenice srednje osetljive prema fuzariozi klasa (FHB). Uzorci zrna su prikupljeni sa proizvodnih useva pšenice namenjene uglavnom za ljudsku upotrebu. Svi usevi pšenice bili su tretirani sa fungicidima pre (a.m. flutriafol - formulisana kao preparat Fluoco, primenjen u dozi 0,5 l ha-1) i tokom cvetanja biljaka (a.m. tiofanat-metil + epoksikonazol formulisana kao preparat Eskorta plus i a.m. tiofanat-metil formulisana kao Funomil, primenjeni u dozi 0.75 i 0.5 l ha-1, respektivno). Među Fusarium vrstama jedino je identifikovana F. graminearum, koja je poznati producent DON. Ova gljiva je bila identifikovana u 15 od 19 uzoraka (78.9%) sa incidencom od 2 do 28% (prosek 14.0%) u pozitivnim uzorcima. Prisustvo DON je utvrđeno u 13 od ukupno 19 proučavanih uzoraka pšenice (68.4%). U pozitivnim uzorcima DON je detektovan u koncentracijama od 69 do 918 μg kg-1 (prosek 478 μg kg-1). DON je pokazao značajnu i pozitivnu korelaciju pri P≥0.05 sa sadržajem vlage zrna (r = 0.52*). Između učestalosti F. graminearum i koncentracije DON i učestalosti F. graminearum i sadržaja vlage zrna utvrđena je, takođe, pozitivna korelacija ali statistički nije značajna (r = 0.44 i r = 0.29, respektivno).",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Presence of deoxynivalenol in winter wheat treated with fungicides, Prisustvo deoksinivalenola u ozimoj pšenici tretiranoj s fungicidima",
volume = "30",
number = "1",
pages = "167-173",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1401167K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Petrović, T. S., Mandić, V., Tomić, Z.,& Obradović, A.. (2014). Presence of deoxynivalenol in winter wheat treated with fungicides. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 30(1), 167-173.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1401167K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Petrović TS, Mandić V, Tomić Z, Obradović A. Presence of deoxynivalenol in winter wheat treated with fungicides. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2014;30(1):167-173.
doi:10.2298/BAH1401167K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Petrović, Tanja S., Mandić, Violeta, Tomić, Zorica, Obradović, A., "Presence of deoxynivalenol in winter wheat treated with fungicides" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 30, no. 1 (2014):167-173,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1401167K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Petrović, Tanja S.
AU  - Tomić, Zorica
AU  - Mandić, Violeta
AU  - Bijelić, Zorica
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/399
AB  - In this study the presence of moulds and mycotoxins in samples of stored maize grains in the period from October 2011 to September 2012 was investigated. Mycological analyses of whole and broken grains showed the presence of species from the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus and others. Among the Aspergillus and Fusarium genera as potentially toxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus was identified with the highest percentage on broken grains (20.38%) whereas F. verticilioides was the predominant species in the whole maize grains (34.04%). In addition, it was obtained that tested samples of stored maize grains were 100% positive with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) with an average concentration of 1.39 μg kg-1, 71.79 μg kg-1, 128.17 μg kg-1, and 1610.83 μg kg-1, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between the moisture content and the presence of Fusarium spp. on the broken grains (r = 0.44) and between the moisture content and the concentration of DON (r = 0.61). However, a significant negative correlation was found between moisture content and FB1 (r = -0.34), and between the concentration of ZON and DON mycotoxins (r = -0.58).
AB  - U radu je ispitivano prisustvo plesni i mikotoksina u uzorcima zrna uskladištenog kukuruza u periodu od oktobra 2011. do septembra 2012. godine. Mikološkim analizama celog i slomljenog zrna kukuruza ustanovljeno je prisustvo vrsta iz rodova Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus i drugih. Od potencijalno toksigenih vrsta iz rodova Aspergillus i Fusarium, identifikovane su u najvećem procentu A. flavus na slomljenom (20,38%) i F. verticillioides na celom zrnu kukuruza (34,04%). Ispitivani uzorci uskladištenog kukuruza bili su 100% pozitivni sa aflatoksinom B1 (AFB1), zearalenonom (ZON), deoksinivalenolom (DON) i fumonizinom B1 (FB1) sa prosečnim koncentracijama 1,39 μg kg-1, 71,79 μg kg-1, 128,17 μg kg-1 i 1610,83 μg kg-1, respektivno. Statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija ustanovljena je između sadržaja vlage i prisustva Fusarium spp. na slomljenom zrnu kukuruza (r = 0,44), kao i između sadržaja vlage i koncentracije DON (r = 0,61). Statistički značajna negativna korelacija ustanovljena je između sadržaja vlage i FB1 (r = -0,34), kao i između koncentracija ZON i DON mikotoksina (r = -0,58).
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Moulds and mycotoxins in stored maize grains
T1  - Plesni i mikotoksini u uskladištenom kukuruzu
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
SP  - 527
EP  - 536
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1303527K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Petrović, Tanja S. and Tomić, Zorica and Mandić, Violeta and Bijelić, Zorica",
year = "2013",
abstract = "In this study the presence of moulds and mycotoxins in samples of stored maize grains in the period from October 2011 to September 2012 was investigated. Mycological analyses of whole and broken grains showed the presence of species from the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus and others. Among the Aspergillus and Fusarium genera as potentially toxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus was identified with the highest percentage on broken grains (20.38%) whereas F. verticilioides was the predominant species in the whole maize grains (34.04%). In addition, it was obtained that tested samples of stored maize grains were 100% positive with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) with an average concentration of 1.39 μg kg-1, 71.79 μg kg-1, 128.17 μg kg-1, and 1610.83 μg kg-1, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between the moisture content and the presence of Fusarium spp. on the broken grains (r = 0.44) and between the moisture content and the concentration of DON (r = 0.61). However, a significant negative correlation was found between moisture content and FB1 (r = -0.34), and between the concentration of ZON and DON mycotoxins (r = -0.58)., U radu je ispitivano prisustvo plesni i mikotoksina u uzorcima zrna uskladištenog kukuruza u periodu od oktobra 2011. do septembra 2012. godine. Mikološkim analizama celog i slomljenog zrna kukuruza ustanovljeno je prisustvo vrsta iz rodova Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus i drugih. Od potencijalno toksigenih vrsta iz rodova Aspergillus i Fusarium, identifikovane su u najvećem procentu A. flavus na slomljenom (20,38%) i F. verticillioides na celom zrnu kukuruza (34,04%). Ispitivani uzorci uskladištenog kukuruza bili su 100% pozitivni sa aflatoksinom B1 (AFB1), zearalenonom (ZON), deoksinivalenolom (DON) i fumonizinom B1 (FB1) sa prosečnim koncentracijama 1,39 μg kg-1, 71,79 μg kg-1, 128,17 μg kg-1 i 1610,83 μg kg-1, respektivno. Statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija ustanovljena je između sadržaja vlage i prisustva Fusarium spp. na slomljenom zrnu kukuruza (r = 0,44), kao i između sadržaja vlage i koncentracije DON (r = 0,61). Statistički značajna negativna korelacija ustanovljena je između sadržaja vlage i FB1 (r = -0,34), kao i između koncentracija ZON i DON mikotoksina (r = -0,58).",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Moulds and mycotoxins in stored maize grains, Plesni i mikotoksini u uskladištenom kukuruzu",
volume = "29",
number = "3",
pages = "527-536",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1303527K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Petrović, T. S., Tomić, Z., Mandić, V.,& Bijelić, Z.. (2013). Moulds and mycotoxins in stored maize grains. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 29(3), 527-536.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1303527K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Petrović TS, Tomić Z, Mandić V, Bijelić Z. Moulds and mycotoxins in stored maize grains. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2013;29(3):527-536.
doi:10.2298/BAH1303527K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Petrović, Tanja S., Tomić, Zorica, Mandić, Violeta, Bijelić, Zorica, "Moulds and mycotoxins in stored maize grains" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 29, no. 3 (2013):527-536,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1303527K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Gošić-Dondo, Snežana
AU  - Ivanović, Dragica
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.
AU  - Stepanić, Ana
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/375
AB  - The frequency and incidence of A. flavus and A. niger on barley, maize, soybean, sunflower and wheat grain, the abundance of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) moths and their interaction depending on weather conditions in the 2008-2012 period were studied. Under the agroecological conditions of Serbia, the species A. niger is more frequent than A. flavus, and concerning the crop species, its frequency is highest in kernels of sunflower, than soybean, maize, barley and wheat. A. flavus was extremely dominant on all plant species in 2012 regarding its frequency: 100% on soybean, 95.3% on maize, 65.2% on barley, 57.1% on sunflower and 45.8% on wheat. Furthermore, the incidence of A. flavus was higher in 2012 than in previous years. The uncommonly high frequency and incidence of A. flavus infestation of maize grain in 2012 were caused by extremely stressful agrometeorological conditions, high temperatures and drought over the period from flowering to waxy maturity of maize. The precipitation factor (Pf = precipitation sum / average monthly temperature) showed that 2012 was extremely arid in June (Pf = 0.57), July (Pf = 1.45), August (Pf = 0.15) and September (Pf = 1.42). European corn borer (ECB) was a second factor causing intensive occurrence of A. flavus on maize grain in 2012. The maximum flight of ECB moths was recorded as early as in July (5,149) and, as a result of this, high damage and numerous injuries were detected at harvest. Those injuries were covered by visible olive-green powdery colonies typical of A. flavus. In the chronology of A. flavus occurrence, these are the first data on its very high frequency and incidence under the agroecological conditions of Serbia. As intensive infections with A. flavus were rare in the past 50 years, the level of aflatoxins in maize grain was low.
AB  - U ovom radu su analizirani učestalost i intenzitet napada A. flavus i A. niger na 180 uzoraka zrna ječma, 1138 kukuruza, 283 soje, 89 suncokreta i 79 pšenice, brojnost leptira kukuruzovog plamenca (Ostrinia nubilalis), kao i njihova interakcija u zavisnosti od meteoroloških uslova u periodu 2008-2012. U agroekološkim uslovima u Srbiji vrsta A . niger je učestalija od vrste A. flavus, a u zavisnosti od biljne vrste pojavljuje se najčešće na zrnu suncokreta, zatim soje, kukuruza, ječma i pšenice. A. flavus je izuzetno bila dominantna na svim biljnim vrstama u 2012, kako po učestalosti, tako i intenzitetu napada. Ova vrsta je u 2012. godini utvrđena kod svih uzoraka soje (100%), nešto manje na zrnu kukuruza (95,3%), zatim na ječmu (65,2%) i suncokretu (57,1%) i najmanje na zrnu pšenice (45,8%). Intenzitet napada A. flavus je, također, bila veća u 2012. u poređenju sa prethodnim godinama. Neuobičajeno visoka učestalost i intenzitet napada A. flavus na zrnu kukuruza u 2012. godini bila je uslovljena izuzetno stresnim agrometeorološkim uslovima, visokim temperaturama i sušom, od cvetanja do voštane zrelosti kukuruza. Kišni faktor (Kf = suma padavina / prosečna mesečna temperatura) ukazuje da je te godine bila izuzetno aridna klima u junu (Kf = 0,57), julu (Kf = 1,45), avgustu (Kf = 0,15) i septembru (Kf = 1,42). Kukuruzov plamenac je drugi činilac koji je uslovio intenzivnu pojavu A. flavus na zrnu kukuruza u 2012. godini. Maksimalni let leptira ovog insekta utvrđen je veoma rano, posebno let druge generacije, već u julu 2012. (5.149 jediniki), a kao posledica toga u vreme berbe su utvrđena i brojna oštećenja na kojima je bio vidljiv razvoj maslinasto-zelenih praškastih kolonija koje su tipične za A. flavus. U hronologji pojave A. flavus ovo su prvi podaci o njenoj jako visokoj učestalosti i intenzitetu napada u agroekološkim uslovima u Srbiji. Intenzivna pojava A. flavus je bila retka u proteklih 50 godina zbog čega je bio i nizak nivo aflatoksina u zrnu kukuruzu.
PB  - Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade
T2  - Pesticidi i fitomedicina
T1  - An outbreak of Aspergillus species in response to environmental conditions in Serbia
T1  - Intenzivna pojava vrsta roda Aspergillus kao odgovor na uslove spoljašnje sredine u Srbiji
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
SP  - 167
EP  - 179
DO  - 10.2298/PIF1303167L
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Gošić-Dondo, Snežana and Ivanović, Dragica and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Krnjaja, Vesna and Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S. and Stepanić, Ana",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The frequency and incidence of A. flavus and A. niger on barley, maize, soybean, sunflower and wheat grain, the abundance of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) moths and their interaction depending on weather conditions in the 2008-2012 period were studied. Under the agroecological conditions of Serbia, the species A. niger is more frequent than A. flavus, and concerning the crop species, its frequency is highest in kernels of sunflower, than soybean, maize, barley and wheat. A. flavus was extremely dominant on all plant species in 2012 regarding its frequency: 100% on soybean, 95.3% on maize, 65.2% on barley, 57.1% on sunflower and 45.8% on wheat. Furthermore, the incidence of A. flavus was higher in 2012 than in previous years. The uncommonly high frequency and incidence of A. flavus infestation of maize grain in 2012 were caused by extremely stressful agrometeorological conditions, high temperatures and drought over the period from flowering to waxy maturity of maize. The precipitation factor (Pf = precipitation sum / average monthly temperature) showed that 2012 was extremely arid in June (Pf = 0.57), July (Pf = 1.45), August (Pf = 0.15) and September (Pf = 1.42). European corn borer (ECB) was a second factor causing intensive occurrence of A. flavus on maize grain in 2012. The maximum flight of ECB moths was recorded as early as in July (5,149) and, as a result of this, high damage and numerous injuries were detected at harvest. Those injuries were covered by visible olive-green powdery colonies typical of A. flavus. In the chronology of A. flavus occurrence, these are the first data on its very high frequency and incidence under the agroecological conditions of Serbia. As intensive infections with A. flavus were rare in the past 50 years, the level of aflatoxins in maize grain was low., U ovom radu su analizirani učestalost i intenzitet napada A. flavus i A. niger na 180 uzoraka zrna ječma, 1138 kukuruza, 283 soje, 89 suncokreta i 79 pšenice, brojnost leptira kukuruzovog plamenca (Ostrinia nubilalis), kao i njihova interakcija u zavisnosti od meteoroloških uslova u periodu 2008-2012. U agroekološkim uslovima u Srbiji vrsta A . niger je učestalija od vrste A. flavus, a u zavisnosti od biljne vrste pojavljuje se najčešće na zrnu suncokreta, zatim soje, kukuruza, ječma i pšenice. A. flavus je izuzetno bila dominantna na svim biljnim vrstama u 2012, kako po učestalosti, tako i intenzitetu napada. Ova vrsta je u 2012. godini utvrđena kod svih uzoraka soje (100%), nešto manje na zrnu kukuruza (95,3%), zatim na ječmu (65,2%) i suncokretu (57,1%) i najmanje na zrnu pšenice (45,8%). Intenzitet napada A. flavus je, također, bila veća u 2012. u poređenju sa prethodnim godinama. Neuobičajeno visoka učestalost i intenzitet napada A. flavus na zrnu kukuruza u 2012. godini bila je uslovljena izuzetno stresnim agrometeorološkim uslovima, visokim temperaturama i sušom, od cvetanja do voštane zrelosti kukuruza. Kišni faktor (Kf = suma padavina / prosečna mesečna temperatura) ukazuje da je te godine bila izuzetno aridna klima u junu (Kf = 0,57), julu (Kf = 1,45), avgustu (Kf = 0,15) i septembru (Kf = 1,42). Kukuruzov plamenac je drugi činilac koji je uslovio intenzivnu pojavu A. flavus na zrnu kukuruza u 2012. godini. Maksimalni let leptira ovog insekta utvrđen je veoma rano, posebno let druge generacije, već u julu 2012. (5.149 jediniki), a kao posledica toga u vreme berbe su utvrđena i brojna oštećenja na kojima je bio vidljiv razvoj maslinasto-zelenih praškastih kolonija koje su tipične za A. flavus. U hronologji pojave A. flavus ovo su prvi podaci o njenoj jako visokoj učestalosti i intenzitetu napada u agroekološkim uslovima u Srbiji. Intenzivna pojava A. flavus je bila retka u proteklih 50 godina zbog čega je bio i nizak nivo aflatoksina u zrnu kukuruzu.",
publisher = "Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade",
journal = "Pesticidi i fitomedicina",
title = "An outbreak of Aspergillus species in response to environmental conditions in Serbia, Intenzivna pojava vrsta roda Aspergillus kao odgovor na uslove spoljašnje sredine u Srbiji",
volume = "28",
number = "3",
pages = "167-179",
doi = "10.2298/PIF1303167L"
}

Lević, J., Gošić-Dondo, S., Ivanović, D., Stanković, S. Ž., Krnjaja, V., Bočarov-Stančić, A. S.,& Stepanić, A.. (2013). An outbreak of Aspergillus species in response to environmental conditions in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina
Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade., 28(3), 167-179.
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1303167L

Lević J, Gošić-Dondo S, Ivanović D, Stanković SŽ, Krnjaja V, Bočarov-Stančić AS, Stepanić A. An outbreak of Aspergillus species in response to environmental conditions in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2013;28(3):167-179.
doi:10.2298/PIF1303167L .

Lević, Jelena, Gošić-Dondo, Snežana, Ivanović, Dragica, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Krnjaja, Vesna, Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S., Stepanić, Ana, "An outbreak of Aspergillus species in response to environmental conditions in Serbia" in Pesticidi i fitomedicina, 28, no. 3 (2013):167-179,
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1303167L . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Vasić, Tanja
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/374
AB  - Visual assessment of phenotypes, performed when two strains of one fungal species are cultivated in a mixed culture on specific media, is known as vegetative or heterokaryotic compatibility or incompatibility test, which enables identification of fungal clones and their classification based on phylogenetic groups. Hyphae of strains that have identical alleles at all vic loci can anastomose into a form of a visible heterokaryon. Strains that divide compatible loci and can anastomose each other belong to a subpopulation termed the vegetative compatibility group (VCG), which is genetically distinguishable from other VCGs. Each VCG is specific regarding its host plant or related host groups and can, but does not have to be virulent on other hosts. Vegetative compatibility can be established in different ways, but complementary auxotrophic strains or strains formed by spontaneous mutation during nutrition, capable of forming a prototrophic heterokaryon are predominantly used. The nit mutants are considered excellent genetic markers for determination of vegetative compatibility and grouping of strains or clones of one fungus into the same or different VCGs. The ability only to determine whether strains are the same or not, but not the degree of their relatedness using VCG, is a limiting factor in analyses that could be performed. VCGs are the most efficient when they are employed to detect the presence of a specific strain in a population. This paper provides an overview of the importance of the phenomenon of vegetative compatibility. Vegetative compatibility is one of the most important genetic traits in ascomycetes by which one subpopulation can be identified as a distinct genetic group. Furthermore, the procedures for isolation, identification and determination of nit mutant phenotypes, and for identification of complementary strains and VCGs are described in detail.
AB  - Vizuelna ocena fenotipa koja se izvodi kada se dva izolata ili soja jedne vrste gljive gaje u združenim kulturama na specifičnim podlogama, poznata kao test vegetativne ili heterokarionske kompatibilnosti ili nekompatibilnosti, omogućava identifikaciju klonova gljive i njihovu klasifikaciju prema filogenetskim grupama. Hife izolata koje imaju identične alele kod svih vic lokusa mogu da anastomoziraju u oblik vidljivog heterokariona. Izolati koji dele kompatibilne lokuse i mogu da anastomoziraju jedni s drugima pripadaju subpopulaciji označenoj kao vegetativno kompatibilna grupa (VCG) koja je genetski odvojena od drugih vegetativno kompatibilnih grupa (VCGs). Svaka VCG je specifična prema biljci domaćinu ili srodnoj grupi domaćina i može ili ne mora biti virulentna na drugim domaćinima. Vegetativna kompatibilnost može biti utvrđena na različite načine, ali se najčešće koriste komplementarni auksotrofni sojevi, ili sojevi koji su nastali spontanom mutacijom tokom ishrane, a koji su sposobni da obrazuju prototrofni heterokarion. Smatra se da su nit mutanti izvrsni genetički markeri za utvrđivanje vegetativne kompatibilnosti i grupisanje sojeva ili klonova jedne vrste gljive u iste ili različite VCGs. Nesposobnost da se odredi stepen srodnosti korišćenjem VCGs, već samo da li su izolati isti ili ne, ograničava tipove analiza koje bi mogle biti postavljene. VCGs su najefikasnije kada se koriste za utvrđivanje prisustva specifičnog soja u populaciji. U radu je dat pregled značaja fenomena vegetativne kompatibilnosti, kao jedne veoma značajne genetičke osobine kod askomiceta kojom se jedna subpopulacija može identifikovati kao posebna genetička grupa. Isto tako, dat je detaljan opis postupka za izolaciju, identifikaciju i utvrđivanje fenotipa nit mutanata, kao i za identifikaciju komplementarnih sojeva i VCGs.
PB  - Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade
T2  - Pesticidi i fitomedicina
T1  - The use of vegetative compatibility tests for identification of biodiversity of phytopathogenic fungi
T1  - Primena testova vegetativne kompatibilnosti za identifikaciju biodiverziteta fitopatogenih gljiva
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
SP  - 157
EP  - 165
DO  - 10.2298/PIF1303157K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Vasić, Tanja",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Visual assessment of phenotypes, performed when two strains of one fungal species are cultivated in a mixed culture on specific media, is known as vegetative or heterokaryotic compatibility or incompatibility test, which enables identification of fungal clones and their classification based on phylogenetic groups. Hyphae of strains that have identical alleles at all vic loci can anastomose into a form of a visible heterokaryon. Strains that divide compatible loci and can anastomose each other belong to a subpopulation termed the vegetative compatibility group (VCG), which is genetically distinguishable from other VCGs. Each VCG is specific regarding its host plant or related host groups and can, but does not have to be virulent on other hosts. Vegetative compatibility can be established in different ways, but complementary auxotrophic strains or strains formed by spontaneous mutation during nutrition, capable of forming a prototrophic heterokaryon are predominantly used. The nit mutants are considered excellent genetic markers for determination of vegetative compatibility and grouping of strains or clones of one fungus into the same or different VCGs. The ability only to determine whether strains are the same or not, but not the degree of their relatedness using VCG, is a limiting factor in analyses that could be performed. VCGs are the most efficient when they are employed to detect the presence of a specific strain in a population. This paper provides an overview of the importance of the phenomenon of vegetative compatibility. Vegetative compatibility is one of the most important genetic traits in ascomycetes by which one subpopulation can be identified as a distinct genetic group. Furthermore, the procedures for isolation, identification and determination of nit mutant phenotypes, and for identification of complementary strains and VCGs are described in detail., Vizuelna ocena fenotipa koja se izvodi kada se dva izolata ili soja jedne vrste gljive gaje u združenim kulturama na specifičnim podlogama, poznata kao test vegetativne ili heterokarionske kompatibilnosti ili nekompatibilnosti, omogućava identifikaciju klonova gljive i njihovu klasifikaciju prema filogenetskim grupama. Hife izolata koje imaju identične alele kod svih vic lokusa mogu da anastomoziraju u oblik vidljivog heterokariona. Izolati koji dele kompatibilne lokuse i mogu da anastomoziraju jedni s drugima pripadaju subpopulaciji označenoj kao vegetativno kompatibilna grupa (VCG) koja je genetski odvojena od drugih vegetativno kompatibilnih grupa (VCGs). Svaka VCG je specifična prema biljci domaćinu ili srodnoj grupi domaćina i može ili ne mora biti virulentna na drugim domaćinima. Vegetativna kompatibilnost može biti utvrđena na različite načine, ali se najčešće koriste komplementarni auksotrofni sojevi, ili sojevi koji su nastali spontanom mutacijom tokom ishrane, a koji su sposobni da obrazuju prototrofni heterokarion. Smatra se da su nit mutanti izvrsni genetički markeri za utvrđivanje vegetativne kompatibilnosti i grupisanje sojeva ili klonova jedne vrste gljive u iste ili različite VCGs. Nesposobnost da se odredi stepen srodnosti korišćenjem VCGs, već samo da li su izolati isti ili ne, ograničava tipove analiza koje bi mogle biti postavljene. VCGs su najefikasnije kada se koriste za utvrđivanje prisustva specifičnog soja u populaciji. U radu je dat pregled značaja fenomena vegetativne kompatibilnosti, kao jedne veoma značajne genetičke osobine kod askomiceta kojom se jedna subpopulacija može identifikovati kao posebna genetička grupa. Isto tako, dat je detaljan opis postupka za izolaciju, identifikaciju i utvrđivanje fenotipa nit mutanata, kao i za identifikaciju komplementarnih sojeva i VCGs.",
publisher = "Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade",
journal = "Pesticidi i fitomedicina",
title = "The use of vegetative compatibility tests for identification of biodiversity of phytopathogenic fungi, Primena testova vegetativne kompatibilnosti za identifikaciju biodiverziteta fitopatogenih gljiva",
volume = "28",
number = "3",
pages = "157-165",
doi = "10.2298/PIF1303157K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž.,& Vasić, T.. (2013). The use of vegetative compatibility tests for identification of biodiversity of phytopathogenic fungi. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina
Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade., 28(3), 157-165.
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1303157K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Vasić T. The use of vegetative compatibility tests for identification of biodiversity of phytopathogenic fungi. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2013;28(3):157-165.
doi:10.2298/PIF1303157K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Vasić, Tanja, "The use of vegetative compatibility tests for identification of biodiversity of phytopathogenic fungi" in Pesticidi i fitomedicina, 28, no. 3 (2013):157-165,
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1303157K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Petrović, Tanja S.
AU  - Lukić, Miloš
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/372
AB  - Incidence of toxigenic fungi (molds) and concentration of mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON) and fumonisin (FB1) were studied in the maize grains collected immediately after harvesting in 2012. A total of 29 maize samples were analyzed and the highest incidence was determined for fungal species of Rhizopus (56.41%), Aspergillus (43.66%) and Fusarium (14.97%) genera. Significantly lower incidence was obtained for species of genus Penicillium (3.31%), and especially for species of genera Acremonium (1.38%), Alternaria (0.75%) and Cladosporium (0.14%). Among toxigenic fungi Aspergillus flavus (36.69%) was the most common species of Aspergillus genus, whereas the Fusarium verticillioides with 14.69% of incidence was the predominant species of Fusarium genus. In all studied maize samples, the presence of AFB1, ZON and FB1 mycotoxins was established, except for DON which was established in 75.86% samples. AFB1 was detected in average concentration of 13.95 μg kg-1 for 44.83% of samples, and average concentration higher than 40 μg kg-1 for 55.17% of samples. The average concentrations of DON which was detected was 235 μg kg-1, while it was 98.38 μg kg-1 and 3590 μg kg-1 for the presence of ZON and FB1, respectively. Moderate positive correlation was obtained between concentrations of AFB1 and FB1 (r=0.35), while weak positive correlation was established between concentrations ZON and DON (r=0.02).
AB  - Učestalost toksigenih gljiva (plesni) i koncentracija mikotoksina aflatoksina B1 (AFB1), deoksinivalenola (DON), zearalenona (ZON) i fumonizina B1 (FB1) je proučavana u uzorcima zrna kukuruza prikupljenim odmah posle berbe u 2012. godini. U ispitivanih 29 uzoraka najveću zastupljenost imaju vrste iz rodova Rhizopus (56,41%), Aspergillus (43,66%) i Fusarium (14,97%). Značajno niža učestalost ustanovljena je za vrste roda Penicillium (3.31%), a posebno za vrste iz rodova Alternaria (0,75%) i Cladosporium (0,14%). Među toksigenim vrstama, A. flavus (36,69%) je bila najučestalija vrsta iz roda Aspergillus, dok je F. verticillioides sa prisustvom od 14,69% bila dominantna vrsta roda Fusarium. U svim ispitivanim uzorcima kukuruza ustanovljeno je prisustvo mikotoksina AFB1, ZON-a i FB1 (100%), osim DON-a koji je bio prisutan u 75,86% uzoraka. AFB1 je detektovan u prosečnoj koncentraciji od 13,95 μg kg-1 u 44,83% uzoraka i u prosečnoj koncentraciji od više od 40 μg kg-1 u 55,17% uzoraka. Prosečna koncentracija DON-a je bila 235 μg kg-1, ZON-a 98,38 μg kg-1 i FB1 3590 μg kg-1. Srednja pozitivna korelacija ustanovljena je između koncentracija AFB1 i FB1 (r=0,35), dok je slaba pozitivna korelacija utvrđena između koncentracija ZON-a i DON-a (r=0,02).
PB  - Matica srpska, Novi Sad
T2  - Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke
T1  - Molds and mycotoxins in freshly harvested maize
T1  - Plesni i mikotoksini u zrnu kukuruza posle berbe
IS  - 124
SP  - 111
EP  - 119
DO  - 10.2298/ZMSPN1324111K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Petrović, Tanja S. and Lukić, Miloš",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Incidence of toxigenic fungi (molds) and concentration of mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON) and fumonisin (FB1) were studied in the maize grains collected immediately after harvesting in 2012. A total of 29 maize samples were analyzed and the highest incidence was determined for fungal species of Rhizopus (56.41%), Aspergillus (43.66%) and Fusarium (14.97%) genera. Significantly lower incidence was obtained for species of genus Penicillium (3.31%), and especially for species of genera Acremonium (1.38%), Alternaria (0.75%) and Cladosporium (0.14%). Among toxigenic fungi Aspergillus flavus (36.69%) was the most common species of Aspergillus genus, whereas the Fusarium verticillioides with 14.69% of incidence was the predominant species of Fusarium genus. In all studied maize samples, the presence of AFB1, ZON and FB1 mycotoxins was established, except for DON which was established in 75.86% samples. AFB1 was detected in average concentration of 13.95 μg kg-1 for 44.83% of samples, and average concentration higher than 40 μg kg-1 for 55.17% of samples. The average concentrations of DON which was detected was 235 μg kg-1, while it was 98.38 μg kg-1 and 3590 μg kg-1 for the presence of ZON and FB1, respectively. Moderate positive correlation was obtained between concentrations of AFB1 and FB1 (r=0.35), while weak positive correlation was established between concentrations ZON and DON (r=0.02)., Učestalost toksigenih gljiva (plesni) i koncentracija mikotoksina aflatoksina B1 (AFB1), deoksinivalenola (DON), zearalenona (ZON) i fumonizina B1 (FB1) je proučavana u uzorcima zrna kukuruza prikupljenim odmah posle berbe u 2012. godini. U ispitivanih 29 uzoraka najveću zastupljenost imaju vrste iz rodova Rhizopus (56,41%), Aspergillus (43,66%) i Fusarium (14,97%). Značajno niža učestalost ustanovljena je za vrste roda Penicillium (3.31%), a posebno za vrste iz rodova Alternaria (0,75%) i Cladosporium (0,14%). Među toksigenim vrstama, A. flavus (36,69%) je bila najučestalija vrsta iz roda Aspergillus, dok je F. verticillioides sa prisustvom od 14,69% bila dominantna vrsta roda Fusarium. U svim ispitivanim uzorcima kukuruza ustanovljeno je prisustvo mikotoksina AFB1, ZON-a i FB1 (100%), osim DON-a koji je bio prisutan u 75,86% uzoraka. AFB1 je detektovan u prosečnoj koncentraciji od 13,95 μg kg-1 u 44,83% uzoraka i u prosečnoj koncentraciji od više od 40 μg kg-1 u 55,17% uzoraka. Prosečna koncentracija DON-a je bila 235 μg kg-1, ZON-a 98,38 μg kg-1 i FB1 3590 μg kg-1. Srednja pozitivna korelacija ustanovljena je između koncentracija AFB1 i FB1 (r=0,35), dok je slaba pozitivna korelacija utvrđena između koncentracija ZON-a i DON-a (r=0,02).",
publisher = "Matica srpska, Novi Sad",
journal = "Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke",
title = "Molds and mycotoxins in freshly harvested maize, Plesni i mikotoksini u zrnu kukuruza posle berbe",
number = "124",
pages = "111-119",
doi = "10.2298/ZMSPN1324111K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Petrović, T. S.,& Lukić, M.. (2013). Molds and mycotoxins in freshly harvested maize. in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke
Matica srpska, Novi Sad.(124), 111-119.
https://doi.org/10.2298/ZMSPN1324111K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Petrović TS, Lukić M. Molds and mycotoxins in freshly harvested maize. in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke. 2013;(124):111-119.
doi:10.2298/ZMSPN1324111K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Petrović, Tanja S., Lukić, Miloš, "Molds and mycotoxins in freshly harvested maize" in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 124 (2013):111-119,
https://doi.org/10.2298/ZMSPN1324111K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Petrović, Tanja S.
AU  - Stojanović, Ljiljana
AU  - Radović, Čedomir
AU  - Gogić, Marija
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/366
AB  - In this study the mycological and mycotoxicological contamination of maize silage samples collected from the bottom (BL), middle (ML) and top (TL) layer in the silage trench silo was studied. Mycological testing of the silage contamination showed the presence of five potential toxigenic fungi of the genera, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium and Rhizopus with their total number ranging from 1 to 10 x 103 CFU g-1. Also, four mycotoxins were detected as followed, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1). Mycotoxins AFB1 and FB1 were detected as 100% positive in all the samples tested. An average concentration of AFB1 was 2.31 μg kg-1, 2.51 μg kg-1 and 2.81 μg kg-1 in BL, ML and TL respectively, while the concentration of FB1 was 1292.00 μg kg-1, 1298.00 μg kg-1 and 1902.00 μg kg-1 in BL, TL and ML respectively. Average concentration of toxin ZON in positive samples was 15.69 μg kg-1 in BL and 30.68 μg kg-1 in ML, while its presence in the samples taken from the top layer was not detected. An average concentration of DON toxin in positive samples were in the range of 41.71 μg kg-1 for TL, 79.20 μg kg-1 for ML, while it was 97.00 μg kg-1 for BL. There was no statistically significant correlation between moisture content and total number of moulds and concentrations of certain mycotoxins. However, statistically highly significant correlations between the total number of moulds and AFB1 concentration (r = 1.0), ZON (r = 0.99) and FB1 (r = 0.91) were established, while weak correlation was obtained in the case of DON and total mould counts (r = 0.54).
AB  - U radu je ispitivana mikološka i mikotoksikološka kontaminacija uzoraka silaže od zrna kukuruza sakupljenih iz donjeg (DS), srednjeg (SS) i gornjeg (GS) sloja silaže u silo-trenču. Mikološkim ispitivanjima kontaminacije silaže ustanovljeno je prisustvo pet potencijalno toksigenih rodova plesni, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium i Rhizopus sa ukupnim brojem od 1-10 x 103 CFU g- 1. Takođe, detektovana su i četiri mikotoksina kao što su aflatoksin B1 (AFB1), zearalenon (ZON), deoksinivalenol (DON) i fumonizin B1 (FB1). Mikotoksini AFB1 i FB1 detektovani su kao 100% pozitivni u svim ispitivanim uzorcima. Prosečna koncentracija AFB1 bila je 2,31 μg kg-1 za GS, 2,51 μg kg-1 za DS i 2,81 μg kg-1 za SS, dok je prosečna koncentracija FB1 bila 1292,00 μg kg-1 za DS, 1298,00 μg kg-1 za GS i 1902,00 μg kg-1 za SS. Prosečna koncentracija ZON toksina u pozitivnim uzorcima je 15,69 μg kg-1 za DS i 30,68 μg kg-1 za SS, dok njegovo prisustvo nije detektovano u uzorcima iz gornjeg sloja. Prosečna koncentracija DON toksina u pozitivnim uzorcima bila je od 41,71 μg kg-1 za GS, 79,20 μg kg-1 za SS do 97,00 μg kg-1 za DS. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna korelacija sardžaja vlage sa ukupnim brojem plesni i koncentracijom pojedinih mikotoksina. Međutim, utvrđena je statistički veoma značajna korelacija između ukupnog broja plesni i koncentracije AFB1 (r = 1,0), ZON (r = 0,99) i FB1 (r = 0,91), a nešto manja u slučaju DON i ukupnog broja plesni (r = 0,54).
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Distribution of moulds and mycotoxins in maize grain silage in the trench silo
T1  - Distribucija plesni i mikotoksina u silaži od zrna kukuruza u silo-trenču
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
SP  - 845
EP  - 854
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1204845K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Petrović, Tanja S. and Stojanović, Ljiljana and Radović, Čedomir and Gogić, Marija",
year = "2012",
abstract = "In this study the mycological and mycotoxicological contamination of maize silage samples collected from the bottom (BL), middle (ML) and top (TL) layer in the silage trench silo was studied. Mycological testing of the silage contamination showed the presence of five potential toxigenic fungi of the genera, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium and Rhizopus with their total number ranging from 1 to 10 x 103 CFU g-1. Also, four mycotoxins were detected as followed, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1). Mycotoxins AFB1 and FB1 were detected as 100% positive in all the samples tested. An average concentration of AFB1 was 2.31 μg kg-1, 2.51 μg kg-1 and 2.81 μg kg-1 in BL, ML and TL respectively, while the concentration of FB1 was 1292.00 μg kg-1, 1298.00 μg kg-1 and 1902.00 μg kg-1 in BL, TL and ML respectively. Average concentration of toxin ZON in positive samples was 15.69 μg kg-1 in BL and 30.68 μg kg-1 in ML, while its presence in the samples taken from the top layer was not detected. An average concentration of DON toxin in positive samples were in the range of 41.71 μg kg-1 for TL, 79.20 μg kg-1 for ML, while it was 97.00 μg kg-1 for BL. There was no statistically significant correlation between moisture content and total number of moulds and concentrations of certain mycotoxins. However, statistically highly significant correlations between the total number of moulds and AFB1 concentration (r = 1.0), ZON (r = 0.99) and FB1 (r = 0.91) were established, while weak correlation was obtained in the case of DON and total mould counts (r = 0.54)., U radu je ispitivana mikološka i mikotoksikološka kontaminacija uzoraka silaže od zrna kukuruza sakupljenih iz donjeg (DS), srednjeg (SS) i gornjeg (GS) sloja silaže u silo-trenču. Mikološkim ispitivanjima kontaminacije silaže ustanovljeno je prisustvo pet potencijalno toksigenih rodova plesni, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium i Rhizopus sa ukupnim brojem od 1-10 x 103 CFU g- 1. Takođe, detektovana su i četiri mikotoksina kao što su aflatoksin B1 (AFB1), zearalenon (ZON), deoksinivalenol (DON) i fumonizin B1 (FB1). Mikotoksini AFB1 i FB1 detektovani su kao 100% pozitivni u svim ispitivanim uzorcima. Prosečna koncentracija AFB1 bila je 2,31 μg kg-1 za GS, 2,51 μg kg-1 za DS i 2,81 μg kg-1 za SS, dok je prosečna koncentracija FB1 bila 1292,00 μg kg-1 za DS, 1298,00 μg kg-1 za GS i 1902,00 μg kg-1 za SS. Prosečna koncentracija ZON toksina u pozitivnim uzorcima je 15,69 μg kg-1 za DS i 30,68 μg kg-1 za SS, dok njegovo prisustvo nije detektovano u uzorcima iz gornjeg sloja. Prosečna koncentracija DON toksina u pozitivnim uzorcima bila je od 41,71 μg kg-1 za GS, 79,20 μg kg-1 za SS do 97,00 μg kg-1 za DS. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna korelacija sardžaja vlage sa ukupnim brojem plesni i koncentracijom pojedinih mikotoksina. Međutim, utvrđena je statistički veoma značajna korelacija između ukupnog broja plesni i koncentracije AFB1 (r = 1,0), ZON (r = 0,99) i FB1 (r = 0,91), a nešto manja u slučaju DON i ukupnog broja plesni (r = 0,54).",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Distribution of moulds and mycotoxins in maize grain silage in the trench silo, Distribucija plesni i mikotoksina u silaži od zrna kukuruza u silo-trenču",
volume = "28",
number = "4",
pages = "845-854",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1204845K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Petrović, T. S., Stojanović, L., Radović, Č.,& Gogić, M.. (2012). Distribution of moulds and mycotoxins in maize grain silage in the trench silo. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 28(4), 845-854.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1204845K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Petrović TS, Stojanović L, Radović Č, Gogić M. Distribution of moulds and mycotoxins in maize grain silage in the trench silo. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2012;28(4):845-854.
doi:10.2298/BAH1204845K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Petrović, Tanja S., Stojanović, Ljiljana, Radović, Čedomir, Gogić, Marija, "Distribution of moulds and mycotoxins in maize grain silage in the trench silo" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 28, no. 4 (2012):845-854,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1204845K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/315
AB  - The present study describes the developed filter layer method for the consistent determination and identification of the natural occurrence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris in maize roots. The field experiment was set up to establish the applicability, accuracy and efficiency of this method for the pathogen isolation from roots of maize grown under different agroecological conditions. According to this method, the 10- to 15-mm long tissue sections, mainly cut at the margin of lesions developed in roots, were placed on two layers of moisten filter paper in Petri dishes and incubated for 6-7 days under laboratory conditions, 25 +/- 2 degrees C and daylight. The unique reddish-purple (beet-red) pigmentation was used as an indicator of the fungal incidence in infected roots, which facilitated a succeeding confirmation of the pathogen on PDA at 25 degrees C in the dark and on CLA in the alternating 12 h light (fluorescent and near-ultraviolet light)/12 h dark conditions. Obtained results showed that the filter layer method was very effective for the P. terrestris detection and that it could be applied for a rapid assessment of response of maize genotypes, environmental and seasonal effects on the fungal growth on roots and the fungal distribution. Advantages of this method for the detection and quantification of P. terrestris in relation to the methods described in the literature include: a) low investments, because many root samples can be tested immediately at the same time; b) results can be obtained rapidly (6-7 days after sampling); and c) minimal interference by other fungi or bacteria. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Crop Protection
T1  - Simple and efficient method for detection and identification of Pyrenochaeta terrestris on maize root
VL  - 38
SP  - 66
EP  - 71
DO  - 10.1016/j.cropro.2012.03.015
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Krnjaja, Vesna and Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The present study describes the developed filter layer method for the consistent determination and identification of the natural occurrence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris in maize roots. The field experiment was set up to establish the applicability, accuracy and efficiency of this method for the pathogen isolation from roots of maize grown under different agroecological conditions. According to this method, the 10- to 15-mm long tissue sections, mainly cut at the margin of lesions developed in roots, were placed on two layers of moisten filter paper in Petri dishes and incubated for 6-7 days under laboratory conditions, 25 +/- 2 degrees C and daylight. The unique reddish-purple (beet-red) pigmentation was used as an indicator of the fungal incidence in infected roots, which facilitated a succeeding confirmation of the pathogen on PDA at 25 degrees C in the dark and on CLA in the alternating 12 h light (fluorescent and near-ultraviolet light)/12 h dark conditions. Obtained results showed that the filter layer method was very effective for the P. terrestris detection and that it could be applied for a rapid assessment of response of maize genotypes, environmental and seasonal effects on the fungal growth on roots and the fungal distribution. Advantages of this method for the detection and quantification of P. terrestris in relation to the methods described in the literature include: a) low investments, because many root samples can be tested immediately at the same time; b) results can be obtained rapidly (6-7 days after sampling); and c) minimal interference by other fungi or bacteria. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Crop Protection",
title = "Simple and efficient method for detection and identification of Pyrenochaeta terrestris on maize root",
volume = "38",
pages = "66-71",
doi = "10.1016/j.cropro.2012.03.015"
}

Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Krnjaja, V.,& Bočarov-Stančić, A. S.. (2012). Simple and efficient method for detection and identification of Pyrenochaeta terrestris on maize root. in Crop Protection
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 38, 66-71.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2012.03.015

Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Krnjaja V, Bočarov-Stančić AS. Simple and efficient method for detection and identification of Pyrenochaeta terrestris on maize root. in Crop Protection. 2012;38:66-71.
doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2012.03.015 .

Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Krnjaja, Vesna, Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S., "Simple and efficient method for detection and identification of Pyrenochaeta terrestris on maize root" in Crop Protection, 38 (2012):66-71,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2012.03.015 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Tančić, Sonja L.
AU  - Ivanović, Dragica
AU  - Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/312
AB  - The frequency and incidence of fungi, as well as their interdependence, on rachis and grain of 14 wheat cultivars grown under 19 different agroecological conditions in Serbia, were studied. Out of the 23 identified fungal genera, a significantly higher number of species was isolated and identified from rachides (22) than from kernels of wheat (9). Fusarium and Alternaria species were the most frequent (up to 100 %) species on both, rachides and kernels, but the incidence of these fungi were higher on rachides than on kernels. The most frequent of the 14 Fusarium species were F. graminearum (96.8 % on both, rachides and kernels) and F. poae (93.8 % on rachides and 51.6 % on kernels). The frequency of F. verticillioides was significantly higher on rachides (64.5 %) than on kernels (19.4 %). A positive correlation (r = 0.5356 **) was established between the frequency of F. graminearum on rachides and on kernels. Furthermore, the frequency of Alternaria spp. was also statistically higher on rachides than on kernels, but the correlation was not statistically significant (r = 0.1729). The incidence of F. graminearum was negatively correlated with the incidence of Alternaria species in both, rachides (r = -0.3783 *) and kernels (r = -0.4863 **). These are the first data on the frequency and incidence of fungi on wheat rachides in Serbia, and they support the few data presented in the world literature. Results of this research could be useful for better understanding of pathways in a fungal infection and the improvement of wheat breeding for resistance, as well as, a proper application of fungicides in the wheat head protection.
PB  - Springer, Dordrecht
T2  - European Journal of Plant Pathology
T1  - Relationships of mycobiota on rachides and kernels of wheat
VL  - 134
IS  - 2
SP  - 249
EP  - 256
DO  - 10.1007/s10658-012-9982-8
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Krnjaja, Vesna and Tančić, Sonja L. and Ivanović, Dragica and Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The frequency and incidence of fungi, as well as their interdependence, on rachis and grain of 14 wheat cultivars grown under 19 different agroecological conditions in Serbia, were studied. Out of the 23 identified fungal genera, a significantly higher number of species was isolated and identified from rachides (22) than from kernels of wheat (9). Fusarium and Alternaria species were the most frequent (up to 100 %) species on both, rachides and kernels, but the incidence of these fungi were higher on rachides than on kernels. The most frequent of the 14 Fusarium species were F. graminearum (96.8 % on both, rachides and kernels) and F. poae (93.8 % on rachides and 51.6 % on kernels). The frequency of F. verticillioides was significantly higher on rachides (64.5 %) than on kernels (19.4 %). A positive correlation (r = 0.5356 **) was established between the frequency of F. graminearum on rachides and on kernels. Furthermore, the frequency of Alternaria spp. was also statistically higher on rachides than on kernels, but the correlation was not statistically significant (r = 0.1729). The incidence of F. graminearum was negatively correlated with the incidence of Alternaria species in both, rachides (r = -0.3783 *) and kernels (r = -0.4863 **). These are the first data on the frequency and incidence of fungi on wheat rachides in Serbia, and they support the few data presented in the world literature. Results of this research could be useful for better understanding of pathways in a fungal infection and the improvement of wheat breeding for resistance, as well as, a proper application of fungicides in the wheat head protection.",
publisher = "Springer, Dordrecht",
journal = "European Journal of Plant Pathology",
title = "Relationships of mycobiota on rachides and kernels of wheat",
volume = "134",
number = "2",
pages = "249-256",
doi = "10.1007/s10658-012-9982-8"
}

Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Krnjaja, V., Tančić, S. L., Ivanović, D.,& Bočarov-Stančić, A. S.. (2012). Relationships of mycobiota on rachides and kernels of wheat. in European Journal of Plant Pathology
Springer, Dordrecht., 134(2), 249-256.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-012-9982-8

Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Krnjaja V, Tančić SL, Ivanović D, Bočarov-Stančić AS. Relationships of mycobiota on rachides and kernels of wheat. in European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2012;134(2):249-256.
doi:10.1007/s10658-012-9982-8 .

Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Krnjaja, Vesna, Tančić, Sonja L., Ivanović, Dragica, Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S., "Relationships of mycobiota on rachides and kernels of wheat" in European Journal of Plant Pathology, 134, no. 2 (2012):249-256,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-012-9982-8 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Petrović, Tijana
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Stanković, Goran
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/311
AB  - Rot symptoms that Pyrenochaeta terrestris causes on the root of each internode of maize hybrids belonging to different maturity groups, as well as the impact of growing conditions (substrate, temperature and light) on the properties of the colony and the pycnidial formation of this fungus were studied. The large number of symptoms was obtained by various combinations of tissue colour changes (red, brown, yellow, blue and lighter or shades of these colours), changes in a particular part of the root (root top, part of the epidermis, the entire epidermis, tissue under the epidermis or the whole root) and the form of spots and streaks (shape and size). Pinkish red symptoms prevailed on younger roots, particularly from the 5th to the 7th internode. When P. terrestris was grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in the dark at 25 degrees C, the variability of the fungus was expressed in relation to the colour of the aerial (white, pink, grey, yellow and brown) and the substrate mycelium (purple, pink, grey, green and yellowish) and to the pycnidial formation (present or absent). The interrelationship between types of symptoms and properties of P. terrestris colonies was not determined on PDA. The fungus always produced the red purple pigment and mostly pycnidia on carnation leaf agar (CLA) at 25 degrees C and under the alternating 12 h combined light (fluorescent and near ultra violet (NUV) light)/dark conditions. These conditions are suitable for the reliable identification of the fungus.
PB  - Natl Agricultural Research & Development Inst, Fundulea
T2  - Romanian Agricultural Research
T1  - Different symptoms in maize root caused by pyrenochaeta terrestris and the fungal colony properties
VL  - 29
SP  - 339
EP  - 347
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_311
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Petrović, Tijana and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Krnjaja, Vesna and Stanković, Goran",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Rot symptoms that Pyrenochaeta terrestris causes on the root of each internode of maize hybrids belonging to different maturity groups, as well as the impact of growing conditions (substrate, temperature and light) on the properties of the colony and the pycnidial formation of this fungus were studied. The large number of symptoms was obtained by various combinations of tissue colour changes (red, brown, yellow, blue and lighter or shades of these colours), changes in a particular part of the root (root top, part of the epidermis, the entire epidermis, tissue under the epidermis or the whole root) and the form of spots and streaks (shape and size). Pinkish red symptoms prevailed on younger roots, particularly from the 5th to the 7th internode. When P. terrestris was grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in the dark at 25 degrees C, the variability of the fungus was expressed in relation to the colour of the aerial (white, pink, grey, yellow and brown) and the substrate mycelium (purple, pink, grey, green and yellowish) and to the pycnidial formation (present or absent). The interrelationship between types of symptoms and properties of P. terrestris colonies was not determined on PDA. The fungus always produced the red purple pigment and mostly pycnidia on carnation leaf agar (CLA) at 25 degrees C and under the alternating 12 h combined light (fluorescent and near ultra violet (NUV) light)/dark conditions. These conditions are suitable for the reliable identification of the fungus.",
publisher = "Natl Agricultural Research & Development Inst, Fundulea",
journal = "Romanian Agricultural Research",
title = "Different symptoms in maize root caused by pyrenochaeta terrestris and the fungal colony properties",
volume = "29",
pages = "339-347",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_311"
}

Lević, J., Petrović, T., Stanković, S. Ž., Krnjaja, V.,& Stanković, G.. (2012). Different symptoms in maize root caused by pyrenochaeta terrestris and the fungal colony properties. in Romanian Agricultural Research
Natl Agricultural Research & Development Inst, Fundulea., 29, 339-347.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_311

Lević J, Petrović T, Stanković SŽ, Krnjaja V, Stanković G. Different symptoms in maize root caused by pyrenochaeta terrestris and the fungal colony properties. in Romanian Agricultural Research. 2012;29:339-347.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_311 .

Lević, Jelena, Petrović, Tijana, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Krnjaja, Vesna, Stanković, Goran, "Different symptoms in maize root caused by pyrenochaeta terrestris and the fungal colony properties" in Romanian Agricultural Research, 29 (2012):339-347,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_311 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tančić, Sonja L.
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Vukojević, Jelena
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/319
AB  - Species of the genus Fusarium are characterised by the exceptional intraspecies and interspecies variability in respect to morphological, physiological and genetic properties. Intraspecies and interspecies diversity of Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum isolates in the production of fumonisin B1 according to their origin from maize and wheat grains was studied. Fumonisin B1 production potential of investigated 42 isolates was assessed by HPTLC and ELISA method. All 22 and 20 investigated F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates, respectively, had the ability to produce fumonisin B1 toxin. Fumonisin B1 production potential of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum varied from 88.60 ppm to 1,300.60 ppm and from 2.37 ppm to 1,246.00 ppm, respectively. According to Mann-Whitnev U test, there were no significant differences between the fumonisin B1 production mean values of isolates of F. verticillioides originated from maize and wheat (628.13 ppm and 696.38 ppm, respectively), as well as, fumonisin B1 production mean values of F. proliferatum isolates (212.32 ppm and 158.07 ppm, respectively). Variability coefficient values indicated that fumonisin B1 production potential variability was more expressed in maize than wheat originated isolates for both species.
AB  - Vrste roda Fusarium karakteriše izuzetna intraspecijska i interspecijska varijabilnost u pogledu morfoloških, fizioloških i genetičkih svojstava. Proučavan je intraspecijski i interspecijski diverzitet izolata vrsta Fusarium verticillioides i Fusarium proliferatum u produkciji fumonizina B1 zavisno od njihovog porekla sa zrna kukuruza i pšenice. Potencijal sinteze fumonizina B1 kod 42 izolata je ispitivan HPTLC i ELISA metodom. Svih 22 izolata vrste F. verticillioides i 20 izolata vrste F. proliferatum su imali sposobnost stvaranja toksina fumonizina B1. Potencijal za sintezu fumonizina je varirao od 88.60 ppm do 1,300.60 ppm kod izolata vrste F. verticillioides i od 2.37 ppm do 1,246.00 ppm kod F. proliferatum izolata. Prema Mann-Whitnev U testu nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika srednjih vrednosti sintetisanog FB1 između F. verticillioides izolata poreklom sa kukuruza (628.13 ppm) i pšenice (696.38 ppm), kao ni kod F. proliferatum izolata poreklom sa kukuruza (212.32 ppm) i pšenice (158.07 ppm). Visoke vrednosti koeficijenta varijacije ukazuju da je varijabilnost u potencijalu sinteze fumonizina B1 bila više izražena kod izolata poreklom sa kukuruza nego pšenice kod obe ispitivane vrste.
PB  - Serbian Genetics Society, Belgrade
T2  - Genetika-Belgrade
T1  - Diversity of the Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates according to their fumonisin B1 production potential and origin
T1  - Diverzitet Fusarium verticillioides i F. proliferatum izolata u potencijalu sinteze fumonizina B1 zavisno od porekla
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
SP  - 163
EP  - 176
DO  - 10.2298/GENSR1201163T
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Tančić, Sonja L. and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Lević, Jelena and Krnjaja, Vesna and Vukojević, Jelena",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Species of the genus Fusarium are characterised by the exceptional intraspecies and interspecies variability in respect to morphological, physiological and genetic properties. Intraspecies and interspecies diversity of Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum isolates in the production of fumonisin B1 according to their origin from maize and wheat grains was studied. Fumonisin B1 production potential of investigated 42 isolates was assessed by HPTLC and ELISA method. All 22 and 20 investigated F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates, respectively, had the ability to produce fumonisin B1 toxin. Fumonisin B1 production potential of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum varied from 88.60 ppm to 1,300.60 ppm and from 2.37 ppm to 1,246.00 ppm, respectively. According to Mann-Whitnev U test, there were no significant differences between the fumonisin B1 production mean values of isolates of F. verticillioides originated from maize and wheat (628.13 ppm and 696.38 ppm, respectively), as well as, fumonisin B1 production mean values of F. proliferatum isolates (212.32 ppm and 158.07 ppm, respectively). Variability coefficient values indicated that fumonisin B1 production potential variability was more expressed in maize than wheat originated isolates for both species., Vrste roda Fusarium karakteriše izuzetna intraspecijska i interspecijska varijabilnost u pogledu morfoloških, fizioloških i genetičkih svojstava. Proučavan je intraspecijski i interspecijski diverzitet izolata vrsta Fusarium verticillioides i Fusarium proliferatum u produkciji fumonizina B1 zavisno od njihovog porekla sa zrna kukuruza i pšenice. Potencijal sinteze fumonizina B1 kod 42 izolata je ispitivan HPTLC i ELISA metodom. Svih 22 izolata vrste F. verticillioides i 20 izolata vrste F. proliferatum su imali sposobnost stvaranja toksina fumonizina B1. Potencijal za sintezu fumonizina je varirao od 88.60 ppm do 1,300.60 ppm kod izolata vrste F. verticillioides i od 2.37 ppm do 1,246.00 ppm kod F. proliferatum izolata. Prema Mann-Whitnev U testu nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika srednjih vrednosti sintetisanog FB1 između F. verticillioides izolata poreklom sa kukuruza (628.13 ppm) i pšenice (696.38 ppm), kao ni kod F. proliferatum izolata poreklom sa kukuruza (212.32 ppm) i pšenice (158.07 ppm). Visoke vrednosti koeficijenta varijacije ukazuju da je varijabilnost u potencijalu sinteze fumonizina B1 bila više izražena kod izolata poreklom sa kukuruza nego pšenice kod obe ispitivane vrste.",
publisher = "Serbian Genetics Society, Belgrade",
journal = "Genetika-Belgrade",
title = "Diversity of the Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates according to their fumonisin B1 production potential and origin, Diverzitet Fusarium verticillioides i F. proliferatum izolata u potencijalu sinteze fumonizina B1 zavisno od porekla",
volume = "44",
number = "1",
pages = "163-176",
doi = "10.2298/GENSR1201163T"
}

Tančić, S. L., Stanković, S. Ž., Lević, J., Krnjaja, V.,& Vukojević, J.. (2012). Diversity of the Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates according to their fumonisin B1 production potential and origin. in Genetika-Belgrade
Serbian Genetics Society, Belgrade., 44(1), 163-176.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR1201163T

Tančić SL, Stanković SŽ, Lević J, Krnjaja V, Vukojević J. Diversity of the Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates according to their fumonisin B1 production potential and origin. in Genetika-Belgrade. 2012;44(1):163-176.
doi:10.2298/GENSR1201163T .

Tančić, Sonja L., Stanković, Slavica Ž., Lević, Jelena, Krnjaja, Vesna, Vukojević, Jelena, "Diversity of the Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates according to their fumonisin B1 production potential and origin" in Genetika-Belgrade, 44, no. 1 (2012):163-176,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR1201163T . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.
AU  - Ivanović, Dragica
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/358
AB  - A total of 41 species of fungi were isolated from seed samples of barley, maize, soybean, and sunflower collected at different locations in Serbia. The majority of detected species occurred on barley (35 of 41 species or 87.8%) comparing to soybean (17 of 41 species or 41.5%), sunflower (16 of 41 species or 39.0%) and maize (15 of 41 species or 36.9%). Species belonging to genera Alternaria, Chaetomium, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhizopus were present on seeds of all four plant species. Alternaria species were dominant on soybean, barley and sunflower seeds (85.7%, 84.7% and 76.9%). F. verticillioides and Penicillium spp. were mainly isolated from maize seeds (100 and 92.3% respectively), while other species were isolated up to 38.5% (Chaetomium spp. and Rhizopus spp.). F. graminearum, F. proliferatum, F. poae and F. sporotrichioides were the most common Fusarium species isolated from barley (51.1-93.3%), while on the soybean seeds F. oxysporum (71.4%), F. semitectum (57.1%) and F. sporotrichioides (57.1%) were prevalent. Frequency of Fusarium species on sunflower seeds varied from 7% (F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans) to 15.4% (F. verticillioides). Statistically significant negative correlation (r = -0.678*) was determined for the incidence of F. graminearum and Alternaria spp., as well as, Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp. (r = -0.614*), on barley seeds. The obtained results revealed that seedborne pathogens were present in most seed samples of important cereals and industrial crops grown under different agroecological conditions in Serbia. Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins, thus their presence is important in terms of reduced food safety for humans and animals. Therefore, an early and accurate diagnosis and pathogen surveillance will provide time for the development and the application of disease strategies.
AB  - Ukupno je izolovana 41 vrsta gljiva iz uzoraka zrna ječma, kukuruza, soje i suncokreta, koji su prikupljeni u različitim lokalitetima u Srbiji. Najveći broj gljiva je utvrđen na zrnu ječma (35 vrsta ili 87,8%) u odnosu na zrno soje (17 vrsta ili 41,5%), suncokreta (16 vrsta ili 39,0%) i kukuruza (15 vrsta ili 36,9%). Vrste rodova Alternaria, Chaetomium, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Penicillium i Rhizopus su utvrđene na zrnu sve četiri biljne vrste. Vrste roda Alternaria su dominirale na zrnu ječma (99,5%), suncokreta (52,9%) i soje (50,0%). F. verticillioides (do 92,0%) i Penicillium spp. (do 57,0%) su najčešće izolovane vrste sa zrna kukuruza, dok su ostale vrste izolovane do 38,5% (Chaetomium spp. and Rhizopus spp.). F. graminearum, F. proliferatum, F. poae i F. sporotrichioides su najčešće Fusarium vrste izolovane sa zrna ječma (51,1-93,3%), dok su na zrnu soje dominirale F. oxysporum (71,4%), F. semitectum (57,1%) i F. sporotrichioides (57,1%). Učestalost Fusarium vrsta na zrnu suncokreta je varirala od 7% (F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans) do 15,4% (F. verticillioides). Na zrnu ječma utvđena je statistički značajna negativna korelacija između intenziteta napada F. graminearum i Alternaria spp. (r = -0,678*), kao i između Fusarium spp. i Alternaria spp. (r = -0,614*). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da su patogene gljive učestale i u visokom intenzitetu pojave prisutne na zrnu važnih žita i industrijskog bilja gajenih u različitim agroekološkim uslovima u Srbiji. Neke od identifikovanih gljiva su potencijalni proizvođači mikotoksina i njihovo prisustvo je važno zbog smanjene bezbednosti hrane za ljude i životinje. Stoga, rana i pouzdana identifikacija patogenih gljiva i procena njihovog značaja u proizvodnji kukuruza, strnih žita i industrijskih biljaka, omogućuje da se pravovremeno razvije i primeni strategija za njihovo suzbijanje i ublažavanje šteta.
PB  - Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade
T2  - Pesticidi i fitomedicina
T1  - Distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens of some cereals and industrial crops in Serbia
T1  - Pojava i učestalost patogena semena žita i industrijskih biljaka u Srbiji
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
SP  - 33
EP  - 40
DO  - 10.2298/PIF1201033L
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Krnjaja, Vesna and Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S. and Ivanović, Dragica",
year = "2012",
abstract = "A total of 41 species of fungi were isolated from seed samples of barley, maize, soybean, and sunflower collected at different locations in Serbia. The majority of detected species occurred on barley (35 of 41 species or 87.8%) comparing to soybean (17 of 41 species or 41.5%), sunflower (16 of 41 species or 39.0%) and maize (15 of 41 species or 36.9%). Species belonging to genera Alternaria, Chaetomium, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhizopus were present on seeds of all four plant species. Alternaria species were dominant on soybean, barley and sunflower seeds (85.7%, 84.7% and 76.9%). F. verticillioides and Penicillium spp. were mainly isolated from maize seeds (100 and 92.3% respectively), while other species were isolated up to 38.5% (Chaetomium spp. and Rhizopus spp.). F. graminearum, F. proliferatum, F. poae and F. sporotrichioides were the most common Fusarium species isolated from barley (51.1-93.3%), while on the soybean seeds F. oxysporum (71.4%), F. semitectum (57.1%) and F. sporotrichioides (57.1%) were prevalent. Frequency of Fusarium species on sunflower seeds varied from 7% (F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans) to 15.4% (F. verticillioides). Statistically significant negative correlation (r = -0.678*) was determined for the incidence of F. graminearum and Alternaria spp., as well as, Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp. (r = -0.614*), on barley seeds. The obtained results revealed that seedborne pathogens were present in most seed samples of important cereals and industrial crops grown under different agroecological conditions in Serbia. Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins, thus their presence is important in terms of reduced food safety for humans and animals. Therefore, an early and accurate diagnosis and pathogen surveillance will provide time for the development and the application of disease strategies., Ukupno je izolovana 41 vrsta gljiva iz uzoraka zrna ječma, kukuruza, soje i suncokreta, koji su prikupljeni u različitim lokalitetima u Srbiji. Najveći broj gljiva je utvrđen na zrnu ječma (35 vrsta ili 87,8%) u odnosu na zrno soje (17 vrsta ili 41,5%), suncokreta (16 vrsta ili 39,0%) i kukuruza (15 vrsta ili 36,9%). Vrste rodova Alternaria, Chaetomium, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Penicillium i Rhizopus su utvrđene na zrnu sve četiri biljne vrste. Vrste roda Alternaria su dominirale na zrnu ječma (99,5%), suncokreta (52,9%) i soje (50,0%). F. verticillioides (do 92,0%) i Penicillium spp. (do 57,0%) su najčešće izolovane vrste sa zrna kukuruza, dok su ostale vrste izolovane do 38,5% (Chaetomium spp. and Rhizopus spp.). F. graminearum, F. proliferatum, F. poae i F. sporotrichioides su najčešće Fusarium vrste izolovane sa zrna ječma (51,1-93,3%), dok su na zrnu soje dominirale F. oxysporum (71,4%), F. semitectum (57,1%) i F. sporotrichioides (57,1%). Učestalost Fusarium vrsta na zrnu suncokreta je varirala od 7% (F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans) do 15,4% (F. verticillioides). Na zrnu ječma utvđena je statistički značajna negativna korelacija između intenziteta napada F. graminearum i Alternaria spp. (r = -0,678*), kao i između Fusarium spp. i Alternaria spp. (r = -0,614*). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da su patogene gljive učestale i u visokom intenzitetu pojave prisutne na zrnu važnih žita i industrijskog bilja gajenih u različitim agroekološkim uslovima u Srbiji. Neke od identifikovanih gljiva su potencijalni proizvođači mikotoksina i njihovo prisustvo je važno zbog smanjene bezbednosti hrane za ljude i životinje. Stoga, rana i pouzdana identifikacija patogenih gljiva i procena njihovog značaja u proizvodnji kukuruza, strnih žita i industrijskih biljaka, omogućuje da se pravovremeno razvije i primeni strategija za njihovo suzbijanje i ublažavanje šteta.",
publisher = "Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade",
journal = "Pesticidi i fitomedicina",
title = "Distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens of some cereals and industrial crops in Serbia, Pojava i učestalost patogena semena žita i industrijskih biljaka u Srbiji",
volume = "27",
number = "1",
pages = "33-40",
doi = "10.2298/PIF1201033L"
}

Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Krnjaja, V., Bočarov-Stančić, A. S.,& Ivanović, D.. (2012). Distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens of some cereals and industrial crops in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina
Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade., 27(1), 33-40.
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1201033L

Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Krnjaja V, Bočarov-Stančić AS, Ivanović D. Distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens of some cereals and industrial crops in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2012;27(1):33-40.
doi:10.2298/PIF1201033L .

Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Krnjaja, Vesna, Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S., Ivanović, Dragica, "Distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens of some cereals and industrial crops in Serbia" in Pesticidi i fitomedicina, 27, no. 1 (2012):33-40,
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1201033L . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Ivanović, Dragica
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Stanković, Goran
AU  - Tančić, Sonja L.
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/320
AB  - The natural occurrence of fumonisin B-1 (FB1) and its co-occurrence with zearalenone (ZEA), T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) were surveyed in 103 winter wheat samples collected after four to six-month storage in family barns from different locations in Serbia. All 103 samples were mycotoxin positive. The mean concentrations of all mycotoxins except ZEA were greater in 2005 than in 2007. FB1 was detected in 82.1% and 92.0% of all samples with ranges of 750-5400 mu g kg(-1) (mean, 2079.45 mu g kg(-1)) and 750-4900 mu g kg(-1) (mean 918.76 mu g kg(-1)) in 2005 and 2007, respectively. Moderate positive correlations were found between FB1 and DON concentrations (r = 0.56 in 2005 and r = 0.54 in 2007) and between FB1 and ZEA concentrations (r = 0.48 in 2005 and r = 0.60 in 2007), while a moderate negative correlation was detected between the production of FB1 and T-2 toxin in 2007 (r = -0.33). This is the first report of FB1 occurrence in naturally-contaminated wheat grain and its simultaneous occurrence with ZEA, DON and T-2 toxin in Serbia. Moreover, this is one of the rare reports presenting the occurrence of FB1 on wheat in the world. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Food Control
T1  - Fumonisin B-1 and its co-occurrence with other fusariotoxins in naturally-contaminated wheat grain
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
SP  - 384
EP  - 388
DO  - 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.003
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Lević, Jelena and Ivanović, Dragica and Krnjaja, Vesna and Stanković, Goran and Tančić, Sonja L.",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The natural occurrence of fumonisin B-1 (FB1) and its co-occurrence with zearalenone (ZEA), T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) were surveyed in 103 winter wheat samples collected after four to six-month storage in family barns from different locations in Serbia. All 103 samples were mycotoxin positive. The mean concentrations of all mycotoxins except ZEA were greater in 2005 than in 2007. FB1 was detected in 82.1% and 92.0% of all samples with ranges of 750-5400 mu g kg(-1) (mean, 2079.45 mu g kg(-1)) and 750-4900 mu g kg(-1) (mean 918.76 mu g kg(-1)) in 2005 and 2007, respectively. Moderate positive correlations were found between FB1 and DON concentrations (r = 0.56 in 2005 and r = 0.54 in 2007) and between FB1 and ZEA concentrations (r = 0.48 in 2005 and r = 0.60 in 2007), while a moderate negative correlation was detected between the production of FB1 and T-2 toxin in 2007 (r = -0.33). This is the first report of FB1 occurrence in naturally-contaminated wheat grain and its simultaneous occurrence with ZEA, DON and T-2 toxin in Serbia. Moreover, this is one of the rare reports presenting the occurrence of FB1 on wheat in the world. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Food Control",
title = "Fumonisin B-1 and its co-occurrence with other fusariotoxins in naturally-contaminated wheat grain",
volume = "23",
number = "2",
pages = "384-388",
doi = "10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.003"
}

Stanković, S. Ž., Lević, J., Ivanović, D., Krnjaja, V., Stanković, G.,& Tančić, S. L.. (2012). Fumonisin B-1 and its co-occurrence with other fusariotoxins in naturally-contaminated wheat grain. in Food Control
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 23(2), 384-388.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.003

Stanković SŽ, Lević J, Ivanović D, Krnjaja V, Stanković G, Tančić SL. Fumonisin B-1 and its co-occurrence with other fusariotoxins in naturally-contaminated wheat grain. in Food Control. 2012;23(2):384-388.
doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.003 .

Stanković, Slavica Ž., Lević, Jelena, Ivanović, Dragica, Krnjaja, Vesna, Stanković, Goran, Tančić, Sonja L., "Fumonisin B-1 and its co-occurrence with other fusariotoxins in naturally-contaminated wheat grain" in Food Control, 23, no. 2 (2012):384-388,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.003 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Ivanović, D.
AU  - Mandić, Violeta
AU  - Tomić, Zorica
AU  - Bijelić, Zorica
AU  - Marinkov, Gordana
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/274
AB  - The presence of pathogenic fungi species on seed of six alfalfa cultivars (K-22, K-23, K-28, NS Banat, NS Mediana and Zaječarska 83) of different seed age (24 months and 108 months) was analyzed in this study. In studied cultivars, except in K-28, on older seeds, less fungi genera were identified compared to younger seed. Seven fungi genera were identified: Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Stemphylium and sterile mycelia present in percentage from 0 to 6.5%. Alternaria species were identified on younger seed with 0.5% in cultivars K-28 and NS Mediana, 0.75% in K-22, 1% in Zaječarska 83 and 1.25% in cultivar NS Banat. In cultivar K-28, Alternaria species were identified in percentage of 0.25% on older seed. Aspergillus species in percentage of 0.25% were identified only in younger seed of cultivar NS Mediana. Cladosporium species were identified on younger seed in the percentage of 0.25% (NS Mediana), 1% (K-23 and NS Banat) and 6.5% (K-22), and on older seed in percentage of 0.5% (K-23, K-28 and NS Banat). Genus Fusarium was identified in percentage of 0.25% on younger seed of cultivar K-22. Genus Penicillium was identified in the range from 0.25% (K-22) to 0.5% (K-28) on younger seed and from 0.25% (K-22) to 1.75% (NS Banat) on older seed. Genus Rhizopus was identified in cultivar K-28, on younger (0.5%) and older seed (0.25%), and in cultivar Zaječarska 83, only in younger seed with 0.5%. Sterile mycelia was identified on younger seed of cultivars K-22 (4.5%), NS Banat (1.75%), K-23 (1.0%) and Zaječarska 83 (0.5%), and on older seed of cultivars K- 23 and K-28 with 0.25% and K-22 with 0.5%. Genus Stemphylium was identified in percentage of 0.25% only on younger seed of cultivars K-22, K-23, NS Banat and NS Mediana. Results of these analysis indicated favourable health condition of seeds of different age of analyzed alfalfa cultivars, especially in relation to economically important fungi genera Fusarium and Stemphylium.
AB  - U radu je proučavano prisustvo patogenih vrsta gljiva na semenu šest sorti lucerke (K-22, K-23, K-28, NS Banat, NS Mediana i Zaječarska 83) različite starosti semena (24 meseca i 108 meseci). Kod ispitivanih sorti, osim kod sorte K- 28, na starijem semenu identifikovan je manji broj rodova gljiva u odnosu na mlađe seme. Identifikovano je sedam rodova gljiva, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Stemphylium i sterilna micelija sa prisustvom od 0 do 6,5%. Alternaria vrste identifikovane su na mlađem semenu sa 0,5% kod sorata K-28 i NS Mediana, 0,75% kod K-22, 1% kod Zaječarska 83 i 1,25% kod NS Banat. Kod sorte K-28 Alternaria vrste identifikovane su sa 0,25% na starijem semenu. Aspergillus vrste identifikovane su sa 0,25% samo kod mlađeg semena sorte NS Mediana. Cladosporium vrste identifikovane su na mlađem semenu sa 0,25% (NS Mediana), 1% (K-23 i NS Banat) i 6,5% (K-22), a na starijem semenu sa 0,5% (K-23, K-28 i NS Banat). Rod Fusarium identifikovan je sa 0,25% na mlađem semenu kod sorte K-22. Rod Penicillium identifikovan je od 0,25% (K-22) do 0,5% (K-28) na mlađem semenu i od 0,25% (K-22) do 1,75% (NS Banat) na starijem semenu. Rod Rhizopus identifikovan je kod sorte K-28 i na mlađem (0,5%) i na starijem semenu (0,25%), a kod sorte Zaječarska 83 samo na mlađem semenu sa 0,5%. Sterilna micelija identifikovana je na mlađem semenu kod sorti K-22 (4,5%), NS Banat (1,75%), K-23 (1,0%) i Zaječarska 83 (0,5%), a na starijem semenu kod sorti K-23 i K-28 sa po 0,25% i K-22 sa 0,5%. Rod Stemphylium identifikovan je sa 0,25% samo na mlađem semenu sorti K-22, K-23, NS Banat i NS Mediana. Rezultati ovih analiza ukazuju na povoljno zdravstveno stanje semena različite starosti kod svih ispitivanih sorti lucerke, posebno u odnosu na ekonomski značajne rodove gljiva Fusarium i Stemphylium.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Frequency of pathogenic fungi on alfalfa seed of different age
T1  - Učestalost patogenih gljiva na lucerkinom semenu različite starosti
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
SP  - 1227
EP  - 1234
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1103227K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Ivanović, D. and Mandić, Violeta and Tomić, Zorica and Bijelić, Zorica and Marinkov, Gordana",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The presence of pathogenic fungi species on seed of six alfalfa cultivars (K-22, K-23, K-28, NS Banat, NS Mediana and Zaječarska 83) of different seed age (24 months and 108 months) was analyzed in this study. In studied cultivars, except in K-28, on older seeds, less fungi genera were identified compared to younger seed. Seven fungi genera were identified: Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Stemphylium and sterile mycelia present in percentage from 0 to 6.5%. Alternaria species were identified on younger seed with 0.5% in cultivars K-28 and NS Mediana, 0.75% in K-22, 1% in Zaječarska 83 and 1.25% in cultivar NS Banat. In cultivar K-28, Alternaria species were identified in percentage of 0.25% on older seed. Aspergillus species in percentage of 0.25% were identified only in younger seed of cultivar NS Mediana. Cladosporium species were identified on younger seed in the percentage of 0.25% (NS Mediana), 1% (K-23 and NS Banat) and 6.5% (K-22), and on older seed in percentage of 0.5% (K-23, K-28 and NS Banat). Genus Fusarium was identified in percentage of 0.25% on younger seed of cultivar K-22. Genus Penicillium was identified in the range from 0.25% (K-22) to 0.5% (K-28) on younger seed and from 0.25% (K-22) to 1.75% (NS Banat) on older seed. Genus Rhizopus was identified in cultivar K-28, on younger (0.5%) and older seed (0.25%), and in cultivar Zaječarska 83, only in younger seed with 0.5%. Sterile mycelia was identified on younger seed of cultivars K-22 (4.5%), NS Banat (1.75%), K-23 (1.0%) and Zaječarska 83 (0.5%), and on older seed of cultivars K- 23 and K-28 with 0.25% and K-22 with 0.5%. Genus Stemphylium was identified in percentage of 0.25% only on younger seed of cultivars K-22, K-23, NS Banat and NS Mediana. Results of these analysis indicated favourable health condition of seeds of different age of analyzed alfalfa cultivars, especially in relation to economically important fungi genera Fusarium and Stemphylium., U radu je proučavano prisustvo patogenih vrsta gljiva na semenu šest sorti lucerke (K-22, K-23, K-28, NS Banat, NS Mediana i Zaječarska 83) različite starosti semena (24 meseca i 108 meseci). Kod ispitivanih sorti, osim kod sorte K- 28, na starijem semenu identifikovan je manji broj rodova gljiva u odnosu na mlađe seme. Identifikovano je sedam rodova gljiva, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Stemphylium i sterilna micelija sa prisustvom od 0 do 6,5%. Alternaria vrste identifikovane su na mlađem semenu sa 0,5% kod sorata K-28 i NS Mediana, 0,75% kod K-22, 1% kod Zaječarska 83 i 1,25% kod NS Banat. Kod sorte K-28 Alternaria vrste identifikovane su sa 0,25% na starijem semenu. Aspergillus vrste identifikovane su sa 0,25% samo kod mlađeg semena sorte NS Mediana. Cladosporium vrste identifikovane su na mlađem semenu sa 0,25% (NS Mediana), 1% (K-23 i NS Banat) i 6,5% (K-22), a na starijem semenu sa 0,5% (K-23, K-28 i NS Banat). Rod Fusarium identifikovan je sa 0,25% na mlađem semenu kod sorte K-22. Rod Penicillium identifikovan je od 0,25% (K-22) do 0,5% (K-28) na mlađem semenu i od 0,25% (K-22) do 1,75% (NS Banat) na starijem semenu. Rod Rhizopus identifikovan je kod sorte K-28 i na mlađem (0,5%) i na starijem semenu (0,25%), a kod sorte Zaječarska 83 samo na mlađem semenu sa 0,5%. Sterilna micelija identifikovana je na mlađem semenu kod sorti K-22 (4,5%), NS Banat (1,75%), K-23 (1,0%) i Zaječarska 83 (0,5%), a na starijem semenu kod sorti K-23 i K-28 sa po 0,25% i K-22 sa 0,5%. Rod Stemphylium identifikovan je sa 0,25% samo na mlađem semenu sorti K-22, K-23, NS Banat i NS Mediana. Rezultati ovih analiza ukazuju na povoljno zdravstveno stanje semena različite starosti kod svih ispitivanih sorti lucerke, posebno u odnosu na ekonomski značajne rodove gljiva Fusarium i Stemphylium.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Frequency of pathogenic fungi on alfalfa seed of different age, Učestalost patogenih gljiva na lucerkinom semenu različite starosti",
volume = "27",
number = "3",
pages = "1227-1234",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1103227K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Ivanović, D., Mandić, V., Tomić, Z., Bijelić, Z.,& Marinkov, G.. (2011). Frequency of pathogenic fungi on alfalfa seed of different age. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 27(3), 1227-1234.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103227K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Ivanović D, Mandić V, Tomić Z, Bijelić Z, Marinkov G. Frequency of pathogenic fungi on alfalfa seed of different age. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2011;27(3):1227-1234.
doi:10.2298/BAH1103227K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Ivanović, D., Mandić, Violeta, Tomić, Zorica, Bijelić, Zorica, Marinkov, Gordana, "Frequency of pathogenic fungi on alfalfa seed of different age" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 27, no. 3 (2011):1227-1234,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103227K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Stepanić, Ana M.
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/246
AB  - Incidence of fungi and concentration of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON) and fumonisin (FB1) were studied in the grain of the winter wheat collected subsequently after harvesting in 2010. In the analyzed samples the highest incidence was determined for the species of Fusarium (84.7%) genus, significantly lower incidence was determined for the species of genus Alternaria (12.35%), and especially for species of genera Acremoniella (2.05%), Acremonium (0.65%) and Penicillium (0.25%). F. graminearum (99.05%) was the most present species of Fusarium genus, whereas the following species F. sporotrichioides (0.4%), F. subglutinans (0.4%), F. poae (0.05%), F. proliferatum (0.05%) and F. verticillioides (0.05%) were only sporadic. The presence of DON, ZON and FB1 mycotoxins was established in all studied wheat samples. DON was detected in concentrations from 123 to 393 μg kg-1 (average 214 μg kg-1), ZON from 157.144 to 471.055 μg kg-1 (average 299.934 μg kg-1), and FB1 from 2.715 to 16.488 μg kg-1 (average 6.286 μg kg-1).
AB  - Učestalost gljiva i koncentracija mikotoksina deoksinivalenola (DON), zearalenona (ZON) i fumonizina (FB1) proučavana je u zrnu ozime pšenice prikupljene neposredno nakon žetve u 2010. godini. U ispitivanim uzorcima najveću zastupljenost imaju vrste iz roda Fusarium (84,7%), a znatno manje vrste iz roda Alternaria (12,35%), a posebno iz rodova Acremoniella (2,05%), Acremonium (0,65%) i Penicillium (0,25%). Od vrsta roda Fusarium najzastupljenija je vrsta F. graminearum (99,05%), dok su sporadične vrste F. sporotrichioides (0,4%), F. subglutinans (0,4%), F. poae (0,05%), F. proliferatum (0,05%) i F. verticillioides (0,05%). Prisustvo mikotoksina DON, ZON i FB1 ustanovljeno je u svim ispitivanim uzorcima zrna pšenice. DON je bio detektovan u koncentracijama od 123 do 393 μg kg-1 (prosek 214 μg kg-1), ZON od 157,144 do 471,055 μg kg-1 (prosek 299,934 μg kg-1) i FB1 od 2,715 do 16,488 μg kg-1 (prosek 6,286 μg kg-1).
PB  - Matica srpska, Novi Sad
T2  - Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke
T1  - Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in wheat grain
T1  - Fusarium vrste i njihovi mikotoksini u zrnu pšenice
IS  - 120
SP  - 41
EP  - 48
DO  - 10.2298/ZMSPN1120041K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Stepanić, Ana M.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Incidence of fungi and concentration of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON) and fumonisin (FB1) were studied in the grain of the winter wheat collected subsequently after harvesting in 2010. In the analyzed samples the highest incidence was determined for the species of Fusarium (84.7%) genus, significantly lower incidence was determined for the species of genus Alternaria (12.35%), and especially for species of genera Acremoniella (2.05%), Acremonium (0.65%) and Penicillium (0.25%). F. graminearum (99.05%) was the most present species of Fusarium genus, whereas the following species F. sporotrichioides (0.4%), F. subglutinans (0.4%), F. poae (0.05%), F. proliferatum (0.05%) and F. verticillioides (0.05%) were only sporadic. The presence of DON, ZON and FB1 mycotoxins was established in all studied wheat samples. DON was detected in concentrations from 123 to 393 μg kg-1 (average 214 μg kg-1), ZON from 157.144 to 471.055 μg kg-1 (average 299.934 μg kg-1), and FB1 from 2.715 to 16.488 μg kg-1 (average 6.286 μg kg-1)., Učestalost gljiva i koncentracija mikotoksina deoksinivalenola (DON), zearalenona (ZON) i fumonizina (FB1) proučavana je u zrnu ozime pšenice prikupljene neposredno nakon žetve u 2010. godini. U ispitivanim uzorcima najveću zastupljenost imaju vrste iz roda Fusarium (84,7%), a znatno manje vrste iz roda Alternaria (12,35%), a posebno iz rodova Acremoniella (2,05%), Acremonium (0,65%) i Penicillium (0,25%). Od vrsta roda Fusarium najzastupljenija je vrsta F. graminearum (99,05%), dok su sporadične vrste F. sporotrichioides (0,4%), F. subglutinans (0,4%), F. poae (0,05%), F. proliferatum (0,05%) i F. verticillioides (0,05%). Prisustvo mikotoksina DON, ZON i FB1 ustanovljeno je u svim ispitivanim uzorcima zrna pšenice. DON je bio detektovan u koncentracijama od 123 do 393 μg kg-1 (prosek 214 μg kg-1), ZON od 157,144 do 471,055 μg kg-1 (prosek 299,934 μg kg-1) i FB1 od 2,715 do 16,488 μg kg-1 (prosek 6,286 μg kg-1).",
publisher = "Matica srpska, Novi Sad",
journal = "Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke",
title = "Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in wheat grain, Fusarium vrste i njihovi mikotoksini u zrnu pšenice",
number = "120",
pages = "41-48",
doi = "10.2298/ZMSPN1120041K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž.,& Stepanić, A. M.. (2011). Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in wheat grain. in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke
Matica srpska, Novi Sad.(120), 41-48.
https://doi.org/10.2298/ZMSPN1120041K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Stepanić AM. Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in wheat grain. in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke. 2011;(120):41-48.
doi:10.2298/ZMSPN1120041K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Stepanić, Ana M., "Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in wheat grain" in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 120 (2011):41-48,
https://doi.org/10.2298/ZMSPN1120041K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/296
AB  - A wide variety of commodities in the world have been analyzed for fumonisins contamination. However, they have mostly been reported in maize and maize-based foods and feeds. Just a few scientific researches were conducted to obtain results on natural contamination of wheat and barley with these mycotoxins. This survey was conducted to evaluate fumonisin B1 contamination in maize, wheat and barley grain in Serbia. A total of 203 maize, 180 wheat and 120 barley samples were obtained from different local warehouses between October 2007 and June 2009. Concentration of FB1 were analysed with the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Positive results were found in 70.7%, 60.6% and 34.1%, in the maize, wheat and barley samples, respectively. FB 1 concentration varied from 750 to 4900 μg kg-1, and the mean levels recorded were: 1225.7 kg-1 in maize; 852.7 μg kg-1 in wheat; and 768.2 μg kg-1 in barley. The mycotoxin contamination of cereals was affected by factors such as origin resistance, droughtstress, and insect damage and differed between the years of investigation The results obtained in this survey revealed that FB1 is frequent contaminant of cereal grains in Serbia. Considering that these products are consumed in large amounts either directly or as components of foods and feeds, the levels of contamination reported herein indicate a potential threat to animal and public health.
AB  - Širok spektar proizvoda u svetu je analiziran na kontaminaciju fumonizinima. Međutim, prisustvo ovog mikotoksina uglavnom je zabeleženo u zrnu kukuruza i hrani na bazi kukuruza. Malo je istraživanja o prirodnoj kontaminaciji pšenice i ječma fumonizinima. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita kontaminacija fumonizinom B1 zrna kukuruza, pšenice i ječma u Srbiji. Ukupan broj od 203 uzoraka zrna kukuruza, 180 uzoraka zrna pšenice i 120 uzoraka zrna ječma sakupljenih u različitim lokalitetima Srbije u periodu oktobar 2007. - jun 2009. godine. Koncentracija FB1 u zrnu žita je analizirana ELISA testom. FB1 je utvrđen u 72% uzoraka zrna kukuruza, 60,6% uzoraka zrna pšenice i 34,1% uzoraka zrna ječma. Koncentracija ovog mikotoksina je varirala od 750 do 4900 μg kg-1, sa srednjim vrednostima: 1225,7 kg-1 u kukuruzu; 852,7 μg kg-1 u pšenici; i 768,2 μg kg-1 u ječmu. Kontaminacija zrna sa FB1 je varirala u zavisnosti od mnogih faktora, kao što je otpornost biljke, stres suše, povrede od insekata i razlikovala se u ispitivanim godinama. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazali su da je FB1 značajan kontaminant zrna žita u Srbiji. S obzirom da se ovi proizvodi koriste u velikim količinama, bilo kao hrana za ljude, bilo kao hrana za životinje, utvrđeni stepen kontaminacije ukazuje na visok potencijalni rizik po javno zdravlje.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Fumonisin B1 in maize, wheat and barley grain in Serbia
T1  - Fumonizin B1 u zrnu kukuruza, pšenice i ječma u Srbiji
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
SP  - 631
EP  - 641
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1103631S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Lević, Jelena and Krnjaja, Vesna",
year = "2011",
abstract = "A wide variety of commodities in the world have been analyzed for fumonisins contamination. However, they have mostly been reported in maize and maize-based foods and feeds. Just a few scientific researches were conducted to obtain results on natural contamination of wheat and barley with these mycotoxins. This survey was conducted to evaluate fumonisin B1 contamination in maize, wheat and barley grain in Serbia. A total of 203 maize, 180 wheat and 120 barley samples were obtained from different local warehouses between October 2007 and June 2009. Concentration of FB1 were analysed with the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Positive results were found in 70.7%, 60.6% and 34.1%, in the maize, wheat and barley samples, respectively. FB 1 concentration varied from 750 to 4900 μg kg-1, and the mean levels recorded were: 1225.7 kg-1 in maize; 852.7 μg kg-1 in wheat; and 768.2 μg kg-1 in barley. The mycotoxin contamination of cereals was affected by factors such as origin resistance, droughtstress, and insect damage and differed between the years of investigation The results obtained in this survey revealed that FB1 is frequent contaminant of cereal grains in Serbia. Considering that these products are consumed in large amounts either directly or as components of foods and feeds, the levels of contamination reported herein indicate a potential threat to animal and public health., Širok spektar proizvoda u svetu je analiziran na kontaminaciju fumonizinima. Međutim, prisustvo ovog mikotoksina uglavnom je zabeleženo u zrnu kukuruza i hrani na bazi kukuruza. Malo je istraživanja o prirodnoj kontaminaciji pšenice i ječma fumonizinima. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita kontaminacija fumonizinom B1 zrna kukuruza, pšenice i ječma u Srbiji. Ukupan broj od 203 uzoraka zrna kukuruza, 180 uzoraka zrna pšenice i 120 uzoraka zrna ječma sakupljenih u različitim lokalitetima Srbije u periodu oktobar 2007. - jun 2009. godine. Koncentracija FB1 u zrnu žita je analizirana ELISA testom. FB1 je utvrđen u 72% uzoraka zrna kukuruza, 60,6% uzoraka zrna pšenice i 34,1% uzoraka zrna ječma. Koncentracija ovog mikotoksina je varirala od 750 do 4900 μg kg-1, sa srednjim vrednostima: 1225,7 kg-1 u kukuruzu; 852,7 μg kg-1 u pšenici; i 768,2 μg kg-1 u ječmu. Kontaminacija zrna sa FB1 je varirala u zavisnosti od mnogih faktora, kao što je otpornost biljke, stres suše, povrede od insekata i razlikovala se u ispitivanim godinama. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazali su da je FB1 značajan kontaminant zrna žita u Srbiji. S obzirom da se ovi proizvodi koriste u velikim količinama, bilo kao hrana za ljude, bilo kao hrana za životinje, utvrđeni stepen kontaminacije ukazuje na visok potencijalni rizik po javno zdravlje.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Fumonisin B1 in maize, wheat and barley grain in Serbia, Fumonizin B1 u zrnu kukuruza, pšenice i ječma u Srbiji",
volume = "27",
number = "3",
pages = "631-641",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1103631S"
}

Stanković, S. Ž., Lević, J.,& Krnjaja, V.. (2011). Fumonisin B1 in maize, wheat and barley grain in Serbia. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 27(3), 631-641.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103631S

Stanković SŽ, Lević J, Krnjaja V. Fumonisin B1 in maize, wheat and barley grain in Serbia. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2011;27(3):631-641.
doi:10.2298/BAH1103631S .

Stanković, Slavica Ž., Lević, Jelena, Krnjaja, Vesna, "Fumonisin B1 in maize, wheat and barley grain in Serbia" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 27, no. 3 (2011):631-641,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103631S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/291
AB  - Numerous plant species, which are main components of various mixtures used in animal nutrition, can be contaminated by mycotoxins created by large number of pathogenic and toxigenic fungi (moulds). From the aspect of animal nutrition, most important are cereals and oil crops (in form of meals) because they constitute the highest share in preparation of animal food, and on the other hand, they are especially sensitive to toxigenic fungi and can contain mycotoxins above maximum allowed quantity. Contamination of plants or certain plant parts, of which the grain is of major importance, occurs in the field or during storage, as consequence of growth of toxigenic fungi. Numerous factors favour and contribute to growth of moulds, such as environment conditions, stress, sensitivity of genotype to fungi and insects, moisture content, etc. Species of the Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium genera, from the mycotoxicological aspect, are the most important pathogens isolated in livestock feed in Serbia. However, the most studied plant pathogenic fungi are Fusarium species, and there are several reasons for this. Firstly, each year, in higher or lower percentage, they cause diseases on maize, wheat, barley and other cereal species, which are major component of animal and human nutriiton. Secondly, they have cause in certain years mass incidence of mycotoxicosis in animals, esepcially in pigs. F. graminearum is the most important pathogenic species for wheat, barley and maize, F. poae for wheat and barley, whereas species from the section Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans and F. proliferatum) are more significant for maize and sorghum. In addition to above mentioned, the presence of other Fusarium species was determined, although in small percentage, but very toxigenic and cannot be neglected as potential animal food contaminants. Considering the prevelance of certain toxigenic species in Serbia, three groups of mycotixins produced by Fusarium fungi species can be considered as the most important from the aspect of animal health. Within the group of trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol (DON) is associated with situations when pigs refuse to eat, whereas toxin T-2 can cause reproduction disorders in sows. Other group includes zearalenone (ZON) and its derivatives which cause estrogenism. Third group includes fumonisins which are associated with specific syndroms of toxicity such as equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) and porcine pulmonary oedema (PPE). Growth and presence of Fusarium species in grains and animal food, becuase of the production of mycotoxins, has been current topic in many researches world wide.
AB  - Brojne biljne vrste, koje čine sastavni deo različitih smeša hrane za životinje, mogu biti kontaminirane mikotoksinima koje stvara veliki broj patogenih i toksigenih gljiva (plesni). Sa stanovišta ishrane životinja najznačajnija su žita i uljane kulture (u vidu brašna) jer čine najveći udeo prilikom pripreme hrane, a s druge strane, posebno su osetljive prema toksigenim gljivama i mogu da sadrže mikotoksine iznad maksimalne dozvoljene količine. Do kontaminacije biljaka ili pojedinih njenih delova, od kojih je zrno najznačajnije, dolazi u polju ili tokom skladištenja kao posledica razvoja toksigenih gljiva. Brojni su činioci koji pogoduju razvoju plesni, kao što su uslovi spoljašnje sredine, stres, osetljivost genotipa prema gljivama i insektima, sadržaj vlage i drugo. U Srbiji vrste iz rodova Fusarium, Aspergillus i Penicillium su sa mikotoksikološkog aspekta najznačajniji patogeni izolovani iz hrane za životinje. Međutim, među najproučavanijim biljnim patogenim gljivama su Fusarium vrste, i to iz više razloga. Prvo, one svake godine u većem ili manjem procentu prouzrokuju bolesti na kukuruzu, pšenici, ječmu i drugim vrstama žita, koje su glavne komponente hrane za ljude i životinje. Drugo, one su u nekim godinama prouzrokovale masovnu pojavu mikotoksikoza životinja, posebno svinja. F. graminearum je najznačajnija patogena vrsta za pšenicu, ječam i kukuruz, F. poae za pšenicu i ječam, dok su vrste iz sekcije Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans i F. proliferatum) značajnije za kukuruz i sirak. Osim ovih, utvrđeno je prisustvo i drugih Fusarium vrsta, koje su, iako prisutne u malom procentu, veoma toksigene i ne mogu se zanemariti kao potencijalni kontaminatni hrane za životinje. S obzirom na rasprostranjenost pojedinih toksigenih vrsta gljiva u Srbiji, od posebne važnosti za zdravlje životinja mogu se razmatrati tri grupe mikotoksina koje proizvode Fusarium vrste gljiva. Unutar grupe trihotecena, deoksinivalenol (DON) je povezan sa odbijanjem hrane kod svinja, dok T-2 toksin može prouzrokovati poremećaje u reprodukciji kod krmača. Druga grupa obuhvata zearalenon (ZON) i njegove derivate koji prouzrokuju estrogenizam. Treća grupa uključuje fumonizine koji su povezani sa specifičnim sindromima toksičnosti kao što su leukoencefalomalacija i edem pluća. Razvoj i prisustvo Fusarium vrsta u žitima i hrani za životinje zbog produkcije mikotoksina, poslednjih godina je veoma aktuelna tema u brojnim istraživanjima širom sveta.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Importance of toxigenic Fusarium species in animal food
T1  - Značaj toksigenih Fusarium vrsta u hrani za životinje
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
SP  - 643
EP  - 657
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1103643K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Numerous plant species, which are main components of various mixtures used in animal nutrition, can be contaminated by mycotoxins created by large number of pathogenic and toxigenic fungi (moulds). From the aspect of animal nutrition, most important are cereals and oil crops (in form of meals) because they constitute the highest share in preparation of animal food, and on the other hand, they are especially sensitive to toxigenic fungi and can contain mycotoxins above maximum allowed quantity. Contamination of plants or certain plant parts, of which the grain is of major importance, occurs in the field or during storage, as consequence of growth of toxigenic fungi. Numerous factors favour and contribute to growth of moulds, such as environment conditions, stress, sensitivity of genotype to fungi and insects, moisture content, etc. Species of the Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium genera, from the mycotoxicological aspect, are the most important pathogens isolated in livestock feed in Serbia. However, the most studied plant pathogenic fungi are Fusarium species, and there are several reasons for this. Firstly, each year, in higher or lower percentage, they cause diseases on maize, wheat, barley and other cereal species, which are major component of animal and human nutriiton. Secondly, they have cause in certain years mass incidence of mycotoxicosis in animals, esepcially in pigs. F. graminearum is the most important pathogenic species for wheat, barley and maize, F. poae for wheat and barley, whereas species from the section Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans and F. proliferatum) are more significant for maize and sorghum. In addition to above mentioned, the presence of other Fusarium species was determined, although in small percentage, but very toxigenic and cannot be neglected as potential animal food contaminants. Considering the prevelance of certain toxigenic species in Serbia, three groups of mycotixins produced by Fusarium fungi species can be considered as the most important from the aspect of animal health. Within the group of trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol (DON) is associated with situations when pigs refuse to eat, whereas toxin T-2 can cause reproduction disorders in sows. Other group includes zearalenone (ZON) and its derivatives which cause estrogenism. Third group includes fumonisins which are associated with specific syndroms of toxicity such as equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) and porcine pulmonary oedema (PPE). Growth and presence of Fusarium species in grains and animal food, becuase of the production of mycotoxins, has been current topic in many researches world wide., Brojne biljne vrste, koje čine sastavni deo različitih smeša hrane za životinje, mogu biti kontaminirane mikotoksinima koje stvara veliki broj patogenih i toksigenih gljiva (plesni). Sa stanovišta ishrane životinja najznačajnija su žita i uljane kulture (u vidu brašna) jer čine najveći udeo prilikom pripreme hrane, a s druge strane, posebno su osetljive prema toksigenim gljivama i mogu da sadrže mikotoksine iznad maksimalne dozvoljene količine. Do kontaminacije biljaka ili pojedinih njenih delova, od kojih je zrno najznačajnije, dolazi u polju ili tokom skladištenja kao posledica razvoja toksigenih gljiva. Brojni su činioci koji pogoduju razvoju plesni, kao što su uslovi spoljašnje sredine, stres, osetljivost genotipa prema gljivama i insektima, sadržaj vlage i drugo. U Srbiji vrste iz rodova Fusarium, Aspergillus i Penicillium su sa mikotoksikološkog aspekta najznačajniji patogeni izolovani iz hrane za životinje. Međutim, među najproučavanijim biljnim patogenim gljivama su Fusarium vrste, i to iz više razloga. Prvo, one svake godine u većem ili manjem procentu prouzrokuju bolesti na kukuruzu, pšenici, ječmu i drugim vrstama žita, koje su glavne komponente hrane za ljude i životinje. Drugo, one su u nekim godinama prouzrokovale masovnu pojavu mikotoksikoza životinja, posebno svinja. F. graminearum je najznačajnija patogena vrsta za pšenicu, ječam i kukuruz, F. poae za pšenicu i ječam, dok su vrste iz sekcije Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans i F. proliferatum) značajnije za kukuruz i sirak. Osim ovih, utvrđeno je prisustvo i drugih Fusarium vrsta, koje su, iako prisutne u malom procentu, veoma toksigene i ne mogu se zanemariti kao potencijalni kontaminatni hrane za životinje. S obzirom na rasprostranjenost pojedinih toksigenih vrsta gljiva u Srbiji, od posebne važnosti za zdravlje životinja mogu se razmatrati tri grupe mikotoksina koje proizvode Fusarium vrste gljiva. Unutar grupe trihotecena, deoksinivalenol (DON) je povezan sa odbijanjem hrane kod svinja, dok T-2 toksin može prouzrokovati poremećaje u reprodukciji kod krmača. Druga grupa obuhvata zearalenon (ZON) i njegove derivate koji prouzrokuju estrogenizam. Treća grupa uključuje fumonizine koji su povezani sa specifičnim sindromima toksičnosti kao što su leukoencefalomalacija i edem pluća. Razvoj i prisustvo Fusarium vrsta u žitima i hrani za životinje zbog produkcije mikotoksina, poslednjih godina je veoma aktuelna tema u brojnim istraživanjima širom sveta.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Importance of toxigenic Fusarium species in animal food, Značaj toksigenih Fusarium vrsta u hrani za životinje",
volume = "27",
number = "3",
pages = "643-657",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1103643K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J.,& Stanković, S. Ž.. (2011). Importance of toxigenic Fusarium species in animal food. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 27(3), 643-657.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103643K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ. Importance of toxigenic Fusarium species in animal food. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2011;27(3):643-657.
doi:10.2298/BAH1103643K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., "Importance of toxigenic Fusarium species in animal food" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 27, no. 3 (2011):643-657,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103643K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Lević, Jelena
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/285
AB  - The frequency of fungi and mycotoxin concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) were studied in winter wheat grains harvested in 2009. The most frequently isolated species belonged to genera Alternaria (81.55%) and Fusarium (12%), followed by Rhizopus spp. (3.75%), Acremoniella spp. (1.15%) and other fungi (Acremonium spp., Arthrinium spp., Aspergillus spp., Bipolaris spp., Chaetomium spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp. and Ramichloridium spp.) isolated in less than 1%. The following species of the genus Fusarium were identified: F. graminearum (82.50%), F. sporotrichioides (5.42%), F. proliferatum (4.17%), F. subglutinans (4.17%), F. poae (1.66%), F. semitectum (1.25%), and F. verticillioides (0.83%). In 100% of wheat grain samples DON was detected (110-1200 μg kg-1, average 490 μg kg-1), while ZON was detected in 10% of samples and in the lower average of 70 μg kg-1 with the limit values ranging from 60 to 80 μg kg-1. Statistically significant positive correlations were established between the concentration of ZON with the frequency of F. graminearum (r = 0.63) or with the frequency of Fusarium spp. (r = 0.58). A negative insignificant correlation was determined between the DON level and the percentage of present Fusarium species.
AB  - Učestalost gljiva i koncentracija mikotoksina deoksinivalenola (DON) i zearalenona (ZON) je proučavana u zrnu ozime pšenice požnjevenom 2009. godine. Najčešće izolovane vrste gljiva pripadale su rodovima Alternaria (81,55%) i Fusarium (12%), a zatim su sledili Rhizopus spp. (3,75%), Acremoniella spp. (1,15%) i druge gljive (Acremonium spp., Arthrinium spp., Aspergillus spp., Bipolaris spp., Chaetomium spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp. i Ramichloridium spp.) izolovane u manje od 1%. Unutar roda Fusarium identifikovane su sledeće vrste: F. graminearum (82,50%), F. sporotrichioides (5,42%), F. proliferatum (4,17%), F. subglutinans (4,17%), F. poae (1,66%), F. semitectum (1,25%) i F. verticillioides (0,83%). U 100% uzoraka zrna pšenice DON je bio detektovan u koncentracijama od 110 do 1200 μg kg-1, sa prosečnom koncentracijom od 490 μg kg-1. ZON je bio detektovan u 10% uzoraka u koncentracijama od 60 do 80 μg kg-1, sa prosečnom koncentracijom od 70 μg kg-1. Statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija utvrđena je između koncentracije ZON i frekvencije Fusarium spp. (r = 0.58) i frekvencije F. graminearum (r = 0.63). Negativna korelacija, statistički nesignifikanta, utvrđena je između nivoa DON-a i procentualne zastupljenosti Fusarium vrsta.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - The presence of toxigenic Fusarium species and Fusariotoxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in winter wheat
T1  - Prisustvo toksigenih Fusarium vrsta i Fuzariotoksina deoksinivalenola i zearalenona u ozimoj pšenici
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
SP  - 63
EP  - 73
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1101063K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Lević, Jelena",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The frequency of fungi and mycotoxin concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) were studied in winter wheat grains harvested in 2009. The most frequently isolated species belonged to genera Alternaria (81.55%) and Fusarium (12%), followed by Rhizopus spp. (3.75%), Acremoniella spp. (1.15%) and other fungi (Acremonium spp., Arthrinium spp., Aspergillus spp., Bipolaris spp., Chaetomium spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp. and Ramichloridium spp.) isolated in less than 1%. The following species of the genus Fusarium were identified: F. graminearum (82.50%), F. sporotrichioides (5.42%), F. proliferatum (4.17%), F. subglutinans (4.17%), F. poae (1.66%), F. semitectum (1.25%), and F. verticillioides (0.83%). In 100% of wheat grain samples DON was detected (110-1200 μg kg-1, average 490 μg kg-1), while ZON was detected in 10% of samples and in the lower average of 70 μg kg-1 with the limit values ranging from 60 to 80 μg kg-1. Statistically significant positive correlations were established between the concentration of ZON with the frequency of F. graminearum (r = 0.63) or with the frequency of Fusarium spp. (r = 0.58). A negative insignificant correlation was determined between the DON level and the percentage of present Fusarium species., Učestalost gljiva i koncentracija mikotoksina deoksinivalenola (DON) i zearalenona (ZON) je proučavana u zrnu ozime pšenice požnjevenom 2009. godine. Najčešće izolovane vrste gljiva pripadale su rodovima Alternaria (81,55%) i Fusarium (12%), a zatim su sledili Rhizopus spp. (3,75%), Acremoniella spp. (1,15%) i druge gljive (Acremonium spp., Arthrinium spp., Aspergillus spp., Bipolaris spp., Chaetomium spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp. i Ramichloridium spp.) izolovane u manje od 1%. Unutar roda Fusarium identifikovane su sledeće vrste: F. graminearum (82,50%), F. sporotrichioides (5,42%), F. proliferatum (4,17%), F. subglutinans (4,17%), F. poae (1,66%), F. semitectum (1,25%) i F. verticillioides (0,83%). U 100% uzoraka zrna pšenice DON je bio detektovan u koncentracijama od 110 do 1200 μg kg-1, sa prosečnom koncentracijom od 490 μg kg-1. ZON je bio detektovan u 10% uzoraka u koncentracijama od 60 do 80 μg kg-1, sa prosečnom koncentracijom od 70 μg kg-1. Statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija utvrđena je između koncentracije ZON i frekvencije Fusarium spp. (r = 0.58) i frekvencije F. graminearum (r = 0.63). Negativna korelacija, statistički nesignifikanta, utvrđena je između nivoa DON-a i procentualne zastupljenosti Fusarium vrsta.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "The presence of toxigenic Fusarium species and Fusariotoxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in winter wheat, Prisustvo toksigenih Fusarium vrsta i Fuzariotoksina deoksinivalenola i zearalenona u ozimoj pšenici",
volume = "27",
number = "1",
pages = "63-73",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1101063K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Stanković, S. Ž.,& Lević, J.. (2011). The presence of toxigenic Fusarium species and Fusariotoxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in winter wheat. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 27(1), 63-73.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1101063K

Krnjaja V, Stanković SŽ, Lević J. The presence of toxigenic Fusarium species and Fusariotoxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in winter wheat. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2011;27(1):63-73.
doi:10.2298/BAH1101063K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Lević, Jelena, "The presence of toxigenic Fusarium species and Fusariotoxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in winter wheat" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 27, no. 1 (2011):63-73,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1101063K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stepanić, Ana
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Ivanović, Mirko
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/277
AB  - Samples of wheat grain (41), collected during the 2010 harvest from seven localities in Serbia, were analyzed for the presence of zearalenone (ZEA), T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisine B1 (FB1). Results of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) showed that all analysed samples were positive for the presence of at least one of four observed fusariotoxins. The most distributed mycotoxins were ZEA (90.2%, with the average concentration of 442.6μg kg-1) and T-2 (90.2%, with the average concentration of 24.2 μg kg-1). DON (73.2%) and FB1 (84.4%) were detected in a somewhat smaller number of samples, but their average concentrations were higher (1988.1 μg DON kg-1 and 882.7 μg FB1 kg-1). The established correlations between concentrations of DON and FB1 (r = 0.32) or DON and ZEA (r = 0.22) were not statistically significant. A negative correlation was established between concentrations of T-2 and FB1 (r= -0.24), as well as, between T-2 and DON (r = -0.36). Detected concentrations of ZEA and T-2 were bellow the level prescribed by the World Health Organisation (WHO), while concentrations of FB1 and DON detected in five that is, 17 samples, respectively, were above the permissible limit for human consumption.
AB  - Uzorci zrna pšenice (41), sakupljeni tokom žetve 2010. godine iz 7 različitih lokaliteta na teritoriji Srbije, analizirani su na prisustvo ZEA, T-2 toksina, deoksinivalenola (DON) i FB1. Primenom ELISA metode utvrđeno je da su svi analizirani uzorci bili pozitivni na prisustvo bar jednog od četiri ispitivana fuzariotoksina. Najzastupljeniji mikotoksini su bili ZEA (90,2%, prosečne koncentracije 442,6 μg kg-1) i T-2 (90,2%, prosečna koncentracija 24,2 kg-1). U nešto manjem broju uzoraka utvrđeni su DON (73,2%) i FB1 (84,4%), ali u većoj prosečnoj koncentraciji (1988,1 μg DON kg-1 i 882,7 μg FB1 kg-1). Nije utvrđena statistički značajna korelacija između koncentracije DON i FB1 (r = 0,32) ili DON i ZEA (r = 0,22). Negativna korelacija je utvrđena između koncentracije T-2 i FB1 (r = -0,24), kao i između T-2 i DON (r = -0,36). Detektovane koncentracije ZEA i T-2 bile su niže od nivoa koji propisuje Svetska zdravstvena organizacija, dok su FB1 i DON detektovani kod 5, odnosno 17 uzoraka u koncentraciji većoj od dozvoljenih u ljudskoj hrani.
PB  - Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade
T2  - Pesticidi i fitomedicina
T1  - Fusariotoxins in wheat grain in Serbia
T1  - Fuzariotoksini u zrnu pšenice u Srbiji
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
SP  - 317
EP  - 323
DO  - 10.2298/PIF1104317S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stepanić, Ana and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Lević, Jelena and Ivanović, Mirko and Krnjaja, Vesna",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Samples of wheat grain (41), collected during the 2010 harvest from seven localities in Serbia, were analyzed for the presence of zearalenone (ZEA), T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisine B1 (FB1). Results of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) showed that all analysed samples were positive for the presence of at least one of four observed fusariotoxins. The most distributed mycotoxins were ZEA (90.2%, with the average concentration of 442.6μg kg-1) and T-2 (90.2%, with the average concentration of 24.2 μg kg-1). DON (73.2%) and FB1 (84.4%) were detected in a somewhat smaller number of samples, but their average concentrations were higher (1988.1 μg DON kg-1 and 882.7 μg FB1 kg-1). The established correlations between concentrations of DON and FB1 (r = 0.32) or DON and ZEA (r = 0.22) were not statistically significant. A negative correlation was established between concentrations of T-2 and FB1 (r= -0.24), as well as, between T-2 and DON (r = -0.36). Detected concentrations of ZEA and T-2 were bellow the level prescribed by the World Health Organisation (WHO), while concentrations of FB1 and DON detected in five that is, 17 samples, respectively, were above the permissible limit for human consumption., Uzorci zrna pšenice (41), sakupljeni tokom žetve 2010. godine iz 7 različitih lokaliteta na teritoriji Srbije, analizirani su na prisustvo ZEA, T-2 toksina, deoksinivalenola (DON) i FB1. Primenom ELISA metode utvrđeno je da su svi analizirani uzorci bili pozitivni na prisustvo bar jednog od četiri ispitivana fuzariotoksina. Najzastupljeniji mikotoksini su bili ZEA (90,2%, prosečne koncentracije 442,6 μg kg-1) i T-2 (90,2%, prosečna koncentracija 24,2 kg-1). U nešto manjem broju uzoraka utvrđeni su DON (73,2%) i FB1 (84,4%), ali u većoj prosečnoj koncentraciji (1988,1 μg DON kg-1 i 882,7 μg FB1 kg-1). Nije utvrđena statistički značajna korelacija između koncentracije DON i FB1 (r = 0,32) ili DON i ZEA (r = 0,22). Negativna korelacija je utvrđena između koncentracije T-2 i FB1 (r = -0,24), kao i između T-2 i DON (r = -0,36). Detektovane koncentracije ZEA i T-2 bile su niže od nivoa koji propisuje Svetska zdravstvena organizacija, dok su FB1 i DON detektovani kod 5, odnosno 17 uzoraka u koncentraciji većoj od dozvoljenih u ljudskoj hrani.",
publisher = "Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade",
journal = "Pesticidi i fitomedicina",
title = "Fusariotoxins in wheat grain in Serbia, Fuzariotoksini u zrnu pšenice u Srbiji",
volume = "26",
number = "4",
pages = "317-323",
doi = "10.2298/PIF1104317S"
}

Stepanić, A., Stanković, S. Ž., Lević, J., Ivanović, M.,& Krnjaja, V.. (2011). Fusariotoxins in wheat grain in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina
Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade / Plant Protection Society of Serbia, Belgrade., 26(4), 317-323.
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1104317S

Stepanić A, Stanković SŽ, Lević J, Ivanović M, Krnjaja V. Fusariotoxins in wheat grain in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2011;26(4):317-323.
doi:10.2298/PIF1104317S .

Stepanić, Ana, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Lević, Jelena, Ivanović, Mirko, Krnjaja, Vesna, "Fusariotoxins in wheat grain in Serbia" in Pesticidi i fitomedicina, 26, no. 4 (2011):317-323,
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1104317S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Bijelić, Zorica
AU  - Mandić, Violeta
AU  - Stojanović, Ljiljana
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/273
AB  - Grain samples of two maize hybrids, medium early (ZP434) and late maturity (ZP704), collected during harvest in 2008 were investigated for contamination by fungi. Grains were plated on agar media and grown fungi were identified by morphological macroscopic and microscopic characteristics on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and synthetic nutrient agar (SNA). Species of the genus Fusarium were the most common in both hybrids, and their presence amounted to 33.89% (ZP434) and 42% (ZP704). Other fungi of genera, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichotecium, were isolated from 0 to 41%. Four species belonging to the genus Fusarium were identified, of which the species F. verticillioides was the most common with 28.63% in ZP434 and 30.5% in ZP704 hybrids. The presence of F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans ranged from 3% (ZP704) to 5% (ZP434), 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704) and 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704), respectively. Generally, the incidence of every particular fungus was higher in the late maize hybrid with a higher moisture content than in the medium-early hybrid with a lower moisture content.
AB  - Uzorci zrna dva hibrida kukuruza, srednje rani (ZP434) i kasni (ZP704), sakupljeni su u vreme berbe 2008. godine i analizirani na kontaminiranost gljivama. Zrna kukuruza zasejana su na hranljivu podlogu i razvijene gljive identifikovane su na osnovu morfoloških, makroskopskih i mikroskopskih osobina na krompirdekstroznoj (PDA) i sintetičkoj hranljivoj podlozi (SNA). Kod oba ispitivana hibrida vrste roda Fusarium su bile najzastupljenije sa prisustvom od 33,89% (ZP434) do 42% (ZP704). Ostali rodovi gljiva, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Mucor, Nigrospora, Penicillium, and Trichotecium, izolovani su od 0 do 41%. U rodu Fusarium identifikovane su četiri vrste, od kojih je vrsta F. verticillioides bila najzastupljenija sa 28,63% kod hibrida ZP434 i 30,5% kod hibrida ZP704. Vrsta F. graminearum bila je prisutna od 3% (ZP704) do 5% (ZP434), F. proliferatum od 0,13% (ZP434) do 7% (ZP704) i F. Subglutinans od 0,13% (ZP434) do 1,5% (ZP704). Uopšteno, ustanovljena je značajnija pojava svake pojedinačne vrste gljive kod kasnog hibrida sa višim sadržajem vlage u zrnu, nego kod srednje ranih hibrida sa nižim sadržajem vlage u zrnu.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage
T1  - Pojava Fusarium vrsta u zrnu kukuruza za silažu
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
SP  - 1235
EP  - 1240
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1103235K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Bijelić, Zorica and Mandić, Violeta and Stojanović, Ljiljana",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Grain samples of two maize hybrids, medium early (ZP434) and late maturity (ZP704), collected during harvest in 2008 were investigated for contamination by fungi. Grains were plated on agar media and grown fungi were identified by morphological macroscopic and microscopic characteristics on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and synthetic nutrient agar (SNA). Species of the genus Fusarium were the most common in both hybrids, and their presence amounted to 33.89% (ZP434) and 42% (ZP704). Other fungi of genera, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichotecium, were isolated from 0 to 41%. Four species belonging to the genus Fusarium were identified, of which the species F. verticillioides was the most common with 28.63% in ZP434 and 30.5% in ZP704 hybrids. The presence of F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans ranged from 3% (ZP704) to 5% (ZP434), 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704) and 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704), respectively. Generally, the incidence of every particular fungus was higher in the late maize hybrid with a higher moisture content than in the medium-early hybrid with a lower moisture content., Uzorci zrna dva hibrida kukuruza, srednje rani (ZP434) i kasni (ZP704), sakupljeni su u vreme berbe 2008. godine i analizirani na kontaminiranost gljivama. Zrna kukuruza zasejana su na hranljivu podlogu i razvijene gljive identifikovane su na osnovu morfoloških, makroskopskih i mikroskopskih osobina na krompirdekstroznoj (PDA) i sintetičkoj hranljivoj podlozi (SNA). Kod oba ispitivana hibrida vrste roda Fusarium su bile najzastupljenije sa prisustvom od 33,89% (ZP434) do 42% (ZP704). Ostali rodovi gljiva, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Mucor, Nigrospora, Penicillium, and Trichotecium, izolovani su od 0 do 41%. U rodu Fusarium identifikovane su četiri vrste, od kojih je vrsta F. verticillioides bila najzastupljenija sa 28,63% kod hibrida ZP434 i 30,5% kod hibrida ZP704. Vrsta F. graminearum bila je prisutna od 3% (ZP704) do 5% (ZP434), F. proliferatum od 0,13% (ZP434) do 7% (ZP704) i F. Subglutinans od 0,13% (ZP434) do 1,5% (ZP704). Uopšteno, ustanovljena je značajnija pojava svake pojedinačne vrste gljive kod kasnog hibrida sa višim sadržajem vlage u zrnu, nego kod srednje ranih hibrida sa nižim sadržajem vlage u zrnu.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage, Pojava Fusarium vrsta u zrnu kukuruza za silažu",
volume = "27",
number = "3",
pages = "1235-1240",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1103235K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Bijelić, Z., Mandić, V.,& Stojanović, L.. (2011). Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 27(3), 1235-1240.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103235K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Bijelić Z, Mandić V, Stojanović L. Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2011;27(3):1235-1240.
doi:10.2298/BAH1103235K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Bijelić, Zorica, Mandić, Violeta, Stojanović, Ljiljana, "Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 27, no. 3 (2011):1235-1240,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1103235K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Petrović, Tijana
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Stanković, Goran
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/262
AB  - The frequency and incidence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris and symptom type on the roots of each internode of four maize hybrids of different maturity groups were studied 70 days after sowing. The fungus developed in the roots of all developed internodes (from the primary to the sixth or seventh internodes of all tested hybrids). The average frequency and incidence of P. terrestris in the roots of late and medium early maturity hybrids ranged from 29.5 to 55.2% and from 11.8 to 22.7%, respectively. The highest frequency of the fungus was at the 2nd root internode (93.3%), and its greatest incidence was detected in the mesocotyl of the medium early hybrid H-1 (56.9%). Necrosis predominated in the roots of the medium early (i.e. medium late maturity hybrids, 44.5% and 44.3%, respectively), whereas reddish pink symptoms were recorded in the roots of the late hybrids (51% and 42.5%). Because the fungus always produces a distinctive red pigment on carnation leaf agar (CLA) in a light regime, these conditions can be recommended for the reliable identification of P. terrestris, even if pycnidia are not formed. These are the first reports of the successive distribution of the fungus in each maize root internode of different hybrids, as well as the use of CLA medium in the identification of the P. terrestris.
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, Malden
T2  - Journal of Phytopathology
T1  - Frequency and Incidence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Root Internodes of Different Maize Hybrids
VL  - 159
IS  - 6
SP  - 424
EP  - 428
DO  - 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01784.x
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Petrović, Tijana and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Krnjaja, Vesna and Stanković, Goran",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The frequency and incidence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris and symptom type on the roots of each internode of four maize hybrids of different maturity groups were studied 70 days after sowing. The fungus developed in the roots of all developed internodes (from the primary to the sixth or seventh internodes of all tested hybrids). The average frequency and incidence of P. terrestris in the roots of late and medium early maturity hybrids ranged from 29.5 to 55.2% and from 11.8 to 22.7%, respectively. The highest frequency of the fungus was at the 2nd root internode (93.3%), and its greatest incidence was detected in the mesocotyl of the medium early hybrid H-1 (56.9%). Necrosis predominated in the roots of the medium early (i.e. medium late maturity hybrids, 44.5% and 44.3%, respectively), whereas reddish pink symptoms were recorded in the roots of the late hybrids (51% and 42.5%). Because the fungus always produces a distinctive red pigment on carnation leaf agar (CLA) in a light regime, these conditions can be recommended for the reliable identification of P. terrestris, even if pycnidia are not formed. These are the first reports of the successive distribution of the fungus in each maize root internode of different hybrids, as well as the use of CLA medium in the identification of the P. terrestris.",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell, Malden",
journal = "Journal of Phytopathology",
title = "Frequency and Incidence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Root Internodes of Different Maize Hybrids",
volume = "159",
number = "6",
pages = "424-428",
doi = "10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01784.x"
}

Lević, J., Petrović, T., Stanković, S. Ž., Krnjaja, V.,& Stanković, G.. (2011). Frequency and Incidence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Root Internodes of Different Maize Hybrids. in Journal of Phytopathology
Wiley-Blackwell, Malden., 159(6), 424-428.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01784.x

Lević J, Petrović T, Stanković SŽ, Krnjaja V, Stanković G. Frequency and Incidence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Root Internodes of Different Maize Hybrids. in Journal of Phytopathology. 2011;159(6):424-428.
doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01784.x .

Lević, Jelena, Petrović, Tijana, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Krnjaja, Vesna, Stanković, Goran, "Frequency and Incidence of Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Root Internodes of Different Maize Hybrids" in Journal of Phytopathology, 159, no. 6 (2011):424-428,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01784.x . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
PY  - 2009
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/196
AB  - Climatic conditions and growing of grain on large areas in Republic of Serbia are suitable for development of numerous toxigenic species, such as Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., and resulting from this is frequent incidence of animal feed contamination by their toxic products. In Republic of Serbia, the most frequent fungi determined in animal feed are those from Fusarium genus, as well as their mycotoxins. Of Fusarium species the most frequent one is F. graminearum, and of toxins zearalenon, in maize or wheat grains, which are the main raw material in production of animal feeds. Development of this fungi and bio-synthesis of zearalenon most often depend on period of rains in the third decade of May when wheat is in the blossoming phenostage or on ample precipitation and low temperatures at the end of summer or beginning of autumn during sensitive pheno-stage of maize growing. Aflatoxins are rarely isolated in Republic of Serbia, but there are conditions for their increased presence in imported feed components. Natural occurrence of ochratoxin A is more frequent than incidence of aflatoxins in climatic conditions of Republic of Serbia. Presence of mycotoxins produced by species of genera Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium indicates potential risk of incidence of mycotoxicosis, especially in younger animal categories. For the purpose of protection of health of animals, realization of profit and high productivity in livestock production, it is necessary to explain factors which can cause animal intoxication, and to identify toxins and develop methodology for assessment of the potential toxicity of animal feed.
AB  - Klimatski uslovi i gajenje žita na velikim površinama u Republici Srbiji pogoduju razvoju brojnih toksigenih vrsta, kao što su Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp. i Penicillium spp., i kao rezultat toga je i česta kontaminacija hrane za životinje njihovim toksičnim produktima. U Republici Srbiji su u hrani za životinje najčešće utvrđene gljive iz roda Fusarium, kao i njihovi mikotoksini. Od Fusarium vrsta najčešća je F. graminearum, a od toksina zearalenon, bilo u zrnu kukuruza ili pšenice koje su najčešće sirovine za stočnu hranu. Razvoj ove gljive i biosinteza zearalenona najčešće zavise od kišnog perioda u trećoj dekadi maja kada je pšenica u fenofazi cvetanja ili od obilnih padavina i niskih temperatura pri kraju leta i početkom jeseni kada je osetljiva fenofaza kukuruza. Aflatoksini su retko izolovani u Republici Srbiji, ali postoje uslovi za veće prisustvo prilikom uvoza komponenti hrane za životinje. Prirodna pojava ohratoksina A je češća od pojave aflatoksina u klimatskim uslovima Srbije. Prisustvo mikotoksina koje produkuju vrste roda Fusarium, Aspergillus i Penicillium ukazuje na potencijalni rizik od pojave mikotoksikoza, posebno za mlađe kategorije životinja. U cilju zaštite zdravlja životinja, ostvarivanja dobiti i visoke produktivnosti u stočarskoj proizvodnji, postoji potreba da se objasne faktori koji mogu prouzrokovati intoksikaciju životinja, kao i da se toksini identifikuju i razvije metodologija za ocenu potencijalne toksičnosti hrane za životinje.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Ubiquity of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in animal feeds in Republic of Serbia
T1  - Prisustvo toksigenih vrsta gljiva i mikotoksina u stočnoj hrani u Republici Srbiji
VL  - 25
IS  - 5-6-1
SP  - 477
EP  - 491
DO  - 10.2298/BAH0906477K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krnjaja, Vesna and Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž.",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Climatic conditions and growing of grain on large areas in Republic of Serbia are suitable for development of numerous toxigenic species, such as Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., and resulting from this is frequent incidence of animal feed contamination by their toxic products. In Republic of Serbia, the most frequent fungi determined in animal feed are those from Fusarium genus, as well as their mycotoxins. Of Fusarium species the most frequent one is F. graminearum, and of toxins zearalenon, in maize or wheat grains, which are the main raw material in production of animal feeds. Development of this fungi and bio-synthesis of zearalenon most often depend on period of rains in the third decade of May when wheat is in the blossoming phenostage or on ample precipitation and low temperatures at the end of summer or beginning of autumn during sensitive pheno-stage of maize growing. Aflatoxins are rarely isolated in Republic of Serbia, but there are conditions for their increased presence in imported feed components. Natural occurrence of ochratoxin A is more frequent than incidence of aflatoxins in climatic conditions of Republic of Serbia. Presence of mycotoxins produced by species of genera Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium indicates potential risk of incidence of mycotoxicosis, especially in younger animal categories. For the purpose of protection of health of animals, realization of profit and high productivity in livestock production, it is necessary to explain factors which can cause animal intoxication, and to identify toxins and develop methodology for assessment of the potential toxicity of animal feed., Klimatski uslovi i gajenje žita na velikim površinama u Republici Srbiji pogoduju razvoju brojnih toksigenih vrsta, kao što su Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp. i Penicillium spp., i kao rezultat toga je i česta kontaminacija hrane za životinje njihovim toksičnim produktima. U Republici Srbiji su u hrani za životinje najčešće utvrđene gljive iz roda Fusarium, kao i njihovi mikotoksini. Od Fusarium vrsta najčešća je F. graminearum, a od toksina zearalenon, bilo u zrnu kukuruza ili pšenice koje su najčešće sirovine za stočnu hranu. Razvoj ove gljive i biosinteza zearalenona najčešće zavise od kišnog perioda u trećoj dekadi maja kada je pšenica u fenofazi cvetanja ili od obilnih padavina i niskih temperatura pri kraju leta i početkom jeseni kada je osetljiva fenofaza kukuruza. Aflatoksini su retko izolovani u Republici Srbiji, ali postoje uslovi za veće prisustvo prilikom uvoza komponenti hrane za životinje. Prirodna pojava ohratoksina A je češća od pojave aflatoksina u klimatskim uslovima Srbije. Prisustvo mikotoksina koje produkuju vrste roda Fusarium, Aspergillus i Penicillium ukazuje na potencijalni rizik od pojave mikotoksikoza, posebno za mlađe kategorije životinja. U cilju zaštite zdravlja životinja, ostvarivanja dobiti i visoke produktivnosti u stočarskoj proizvodnji, postoji potreba da se objasne faktori koji mogu prouzrokovati intoksikaciju životinja, kao i da se toksini identifikuju i razvije metodologija za ocenu potencijalne toksičnosti hrane za životinje.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Ubiquity of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in animal feeds in Republic of Serbia, Prisustvo toksigenih vrsta gljiva i mikotoksina u stočnoj hrani u Republici Srbiji",
volume = "25",
number = "5-6-1",
pages = "477-491",
doi = "10.2298/BAH0906477K"
}

Krnjaja, V., Lević, J.,& Stanković, S. Ž.. (2009). Ubiquity of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in animal feeds in Republic of Serbia. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade., 25(5-6-1), 477-491.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH0906477K

Krnjaja V, Lević J, Stanković SŽ. Ubiquity of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in animal feeds in Republic of Serbia. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2009;25(5-6-1):477-491.
doi:10.2298/BAH0906477K .

Krnjaja, Vesna, Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., "Ubiquity of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in animal feeds in Republic of Serbia" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 25, no. 5-6-1 (2009):477-491,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH0906477K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lević, Jelena
AU  - Stanković, Slavica Ž.
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.
PY  - 2009
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/216
AB  - Fusarium species have been isolated from over 100 plant species in Serbia. From the economic aspect, they have been and still are the most important for the production and storage of small grains and maize, and are exceptionally important for some other species. Total of 63 species, 35 varieties (var.) and 19 specialised forms (f. sp.) of basic species, particularly of F. oxysporum (4 var. and 12 f. sp.) and F. solani (7 var. and 3 f. sp.) were identified. Species F. langsethiae and F. thapsinum, recently identified, have been isolated from wheat and s o r g h u m seeds, respectively. F. graminearum is the most important pathogen for wheat, barely and maize, while F. poae is also important for wheat and barely. Furthermore, species of the section Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans and F. proliferatum) are important for maize and sorghum. In recent years, species of the section Liseola have been increasingly occurring in wheat and barley. The June-October period in Serbia is the most critical period for quality maintenance of stored maize, as the abundance and frequency of fungi, particularly of toxigenic species of the genus Fusarium, are the greatest during that period. In general, there is a lack of data about fusarioses of industrial crops in Serbia. There are mere descriptions of specific cases in which the development of Fusarium species was mostly emphasised by agroecological conditions. The presence of recently determined Fusarium species in kernels of these plant species indicates their importance from the aspect of the yield reduction and grain quality debasement and the mycotoxin contamination. Root rot and plant wilt are characteristic symptoms of fusarioses for forage and vegetable crops, while pathological changes in fruits provoked by Fusarium species are less frequent. F. oxysporum and its specialised forms prevail in these plant species.
AB  - Vrste roda Fusarium su u Srbiji izolovane sa preko 100 biljnih vrsta, a sa ekonomskog aspekta, bile i ostale, najznačajnije za proizvodnju i čuvanje strnih žita i kukuruza. Samo izuzetno su značajne i za neke druge biljne vrste. Ukupno je do sada identifikovano: 63 vrste, 35 varijeteta (var.) i 19 specijalizovanih formi (f. sp.) osnovnih vrsta, posebno vrste F. oxysporum (4 var. i 12 f. sp.) i F. solani (7 var. i 3 f. sp.). F. langsethiae i F. thapsinum su novoidentifikovane vrste izolovane sa zrna pšenice, odnosno sirka. F. graminearum je najznačajniji patogen pšenice, ječma i kukuruza, a F. poae i patogen pšenice i ječma. Vrste iz sekcije Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans i F. proliferatum) značajni su i patogeni kukuruza i siraka, mada je poslednjih godina utvrđena sve češća pojava ovih vrsta na zrnu pšenice i ječma. U Srbiji je period jun-oktobar najkritičniji za očuvanje kvaliteta uskladištenog kukuruza jer su brojnost i učestalost gljiva u tom periodu najveće, posebno toksigenih vrsta roda Fusarium (43,5-62,5%). Generalno, fuzarioze industrijskih biljaka su malo proučavane u Srbiji. Opisi su samo pojedinačni slučajevi u kojima je razvoj Fusarium vrsta najčešće potenciran povoljnim agroklimatskih uslovima. Prisustvo Fusarium vrsta na semenu industrijskih biljaka, koje je poslednjih godina sve češće utvrđeno, ukazuje da ove patogene gljive u Srbiji mogu biti značajne sa stanovišta smanjenja prinosa i kvaliteta zrna, posebno u pogledu kontaminiranosti mikotoksinima. Trulež korena i uvenulost biljaka su karakteristični simptomi fuzarioza krmnih i povrtarskih biljaka, dok je pojava patoloških promena na plodovima ređa. Na ovim biljnim vrstama dominiraju F. oxysporum i njene specijalizovane forme.
PB  - Matica srpska, Novi Sad
T2  - Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke
T1  - Fusarium species: The occurrence and the importance in agriculture of Serbia
T1  - Fusarium vrste - pojava i značaj u Srbiji
IS  - 116
SP  - 33
EP  - 48
DO  - 10.2298/ZMSPN0916033L
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lević, Jelena and Stanković, Slavica Ž. and Krnjaja, Vesna and Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S.",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Fusarium species have been isolated from over 100 plant species in Serbia. From the economic aspect, they have been and still are the most important for the production and storage of small grains and maize, and are exceptionally important for some other species. Total of 63 species, 35 varieties (var.) and 19 specialised forms (f. sp.) of basic species, particularly of F. oxysporum (4 var. and 12 f. sp.) and F. solani (7 var. and 3 f. sp.) were identified. Species F. langsethiae and F. thapsinum, recently identified, have been isolated from wheat and s o r g h u m seeds, respectively. F. graminearum is the most important pathogen for wheat, barely and maize, while F. poae is also important for wheat and barely. Furthermore, species of the section Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans and F. proliferatum) are important for maize and sorghum. In recent years, species of the section Liseola have been increasingly occurring in wheat and barley. The June-October period in Serbia is the most critical period for quality maintenance of stored maize, as the abundance and frequency of fungi, particularly of toxigenic species of the genus Fusarium, are the greatest during that period. In general, there is a lack of data about fusarioses of industrial crops in Serbia. There are mere descriptions of specific cases in which the development of Fusarium species was mostly emphasised by agroecological conditions. The presence of recently determined Fusarium species in kernels of these plant species indicates their importance from the aspect of the yield reduction and grain quality debasement and the mycotoxin contamination. Root rot and plant wilt are characteristic symptoms of fusarioses for forage and vegetable crops, while pathological changes in fruits provoked by Fusarium species are less frequent. F. oxysporum and its specialised forms prevail in these plant species., Vrste roda Fusarium su u Srbiji izolovane sa preko 100 biljnih vrsta, a sa ekonomskog aspekta, bile i ostale, najznačajnije za proizvodnju i čuvanje strnih žita i kukuruza. Samo izuzetno su značajne i za neke druge biljne vrste. Ukupno je do sada identifikovano: 63 vrste, 35 varijeteta (var.) i 19 specijalizovanih formi (f. sp.) osnovnih vrsta, posebno vrste F. oxysporum (4 var. i 12 f. sp.) i F. solani (7 var. i 3 f. sp.). F. langsethiae i F. thapsinum su novoidentifikovane vrste izolovane sa zrna pšenice, odnosno sirka. F. graminearum je najznačajniji patogen pšenice, ječma i kukuruza, a F. poae i patogen pšenice i ječma. Vrste iz sekcije Liseola (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans i F. proliferatum) značajni su i patogeni kukuruza i siraka, mada je poslednjih godina utvrđena sve češća pojava ovih vrsta na zrnu pšenice i ječma. U Srbiji je period jun-oktobar najkritičniji za očuvanje kvaliteta uskladištenog kukuruza jer su brojnost i učestalost gljiva u tom periodu najveće, posebno toksigenih vrsta roda Fusarium (43,5-62,5%). Generalno, fuzarioze industrijskih biljaka su malo proučavane u Srbiji. Opisi su samo pojedinačni slučajevi u kojima je razvoj Fusarium vrsta najčešće potenciran povoljnim agroklimatskih uslovima. Prisustvo Fusarium vrsta na semenu industrijskih biljaka, koje je poslednjih godina sve češće utvrđeno, ukazuje da ove patogene gljive u Srbiji mogu biti značajne sa stanovišta smanjenja prinosa i kvaliteta zrna, posebno u pogledu kontaminiranosti mikotoksinima. Trulež korena i uvenulost biljaka su karakteristični simptomi fuzarioza krmnih i povrtarskih biljaka, dok je pojava patoloških promena na plodovima ređa. Na ovim biljnim vrstama dominiraju F. oxysporum i njene specijalizovane forme.",
publisher = "Matica srpska, Novi Sad",
journal = "Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke",
title = "Fusarium species: The occurrence and the importance in agriculture of Serbia, Fusarium vrste - pojava i značaj u Srbiji",
number = "116",
pages = "33-48",
doi = "10.2298/ZMSPN0916033L"
}

Lević, J., Stanković, S. Ž., Krnjaja, V.,& Bočarov-Stančić, A. S.. (2009). Fusarium species: The occurrence and the importance in agriculture of Serbia. in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke
Matica srpska, Novi Sad.(116), 33-48.
https://doi.org/10.2298/ZMSPN0916033L

Lević J, Stanković SŽ, Krnjaja V, Bočarov-Stančić AS. Fusarium species: The occurrence and the importance in agriculture of Serbia. in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke. 2009;(116):33-48.
doi:10.2298/ZMSPN0916033L .

Lević, Jelena, Stanković, Slavica Ž., Krnjaja, Vesna, Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra S., "Fusarium species: The occurrence and the importance in agriculture of Serbia" in Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 116 (2009):33-48,
https://doi.org/10.2298/ZMSPN0916033L . .