Comparative testing of slaughter traits and meat quality of male and female Simmental cattle

Abstract

The paper presents the results of comparative testing of slaughter traits and meat quality of male (A) and female (B) young cattle of domestic Simmental breed. The sample included a total of 30 heads, 15 in each group. Cattle were slaughtered at the same age with an average mass of about 660 kg in the group (A), and about 500 kg in the group (B). The study results show that cattle of group (A) achieved statistically (p (lt) 0.001) significantly higher share of pre slaughter mass and mass of warm carcass sides while female cattle achieved statistically (p (lt) 0.01) significantly higher share of kidney fat. The share of tissues in the three rib cut showed statistical differences between the groups, in the share of the M. longissimus dorsi that was statistically (p (lt) 0.05) significantly higher in male cattle and the share of fat was statistically (p (lt) 0.01) significantly higher in group (B). The chemical composition of M. longissimus dorsi statistically (p (lt) 0.05) differed significantly in the share of water which was higher in male cattle while the cattle of group (B) had statistically (p (lt) 0.01) significantly higher share of lipids. As for the technological quality, cooking loss of M. longissimus dorsi was statistically (p (lt) 0.01) significantly higher in young cattle of group (A), while the tenderness/softness of M. longissimus dorsi (p (lt) 0.01) was significantly better in young cattle of group (B). Sensory characteristics of M. longissimus dorsi differed statistically (p (lt) 0.001) significantly in the tenderness of the meat that was better in young cattle of group (B). Male Simmental cattle had better slaughter performance and meat quality characteristics, except tenderness of meat which was better in female cattle.

U radu su prikazani rezultati uporednog ispitivanja klaničnih osobina i kvaliteta mesa muške (A) i ženske (B) junadi domaće simentalske rase. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno ukupno 30 grla, po 15 u svakoj grupi. Junad su zaklana u istom uzrastu sa prosečnom težinom u grupi (A) oko 660 kg i grupi (B) oko 500 kg. Dobijeni rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su junad grupe (A) ostvarila statistički (p (lt) 0.001) značajno veći udeo mase pred klanje i mase toplih polutki dok su junadi grupe (B) ostvarila statistički (p (lt) 0.001) značajno veći udeo bubrežnog loja. Udeo tkiva u trorebarnom isečku se statistički razlikovao među grupama i to u udelu M. longissimus dorsi koji je bio statistički (p (lt) 0.05) značajno veći kod junadi grupe (A) i udelu masnog tkiva koji je bio statistički (p (lt) 0.01) značajno veći u grupi (B). Hemijski sastav M. longissimus dorsi se statistički (p (lt) 0.05) značajno razlikovao u udelu vode koji je bio veći kod junadi grupe (A) dok su junad grupe (B) imala statistički (p (lt) 0.01) značajno veći udeo masti. Što se tiče tehnološkog kvaliteta, kalo kuvanja M. longissimus dorsi je statistički (p (lt) 0.01) značajno bio veći kod junadi grupe (A) dok je mekoća M. longissimus dorsi (p (lt) 0.01) značajno bila bolja kod junadi grupe (B). Senzorne karakteristike M. longissimus dorsi su se statistički (p (lt) 0.001) značajno razlikovale u mekoći mesa koja je bila bolja kod junadi grupe (B). Muška junad domaće simentalske rase imala su bolje klanične osibine i karakteristike kvaliteta mesa sem mekoće mesa koja je bolja kod ženske junadi.