The effect of different fixed factors on pig carcass quality and meat traits

Abstract

Objective of the paper was to investigate the effect of the sire breed (Swedish landrace and Large Yorkshire) and sex (female animals and male castrates) on quality of carcass and pig meat. Established fat thickenss was the highest at withers (33,21 mm) and the thinnest at rump in the center of m. gluteusa medius (18,48 mm). Sire breed had influence (p (lt) 0,01) on back fat thickness in the central part, whereas sex influenced (p (lt) 0,05) backfat thickenss at withers. Lean meat of Swedish Landrace progeny established by partial dissection EU was 52,91 % and according to current Regulation 42,89 % and it was higher compared to progeny (SLxLY) whose sires were Large Yorkshire breed. Established difference in share of meat between sire breeds by application of these two methods was 10,02 and 8,83 %. Higher share of meat (EU 53,20 %) was established in female progeny by 2,27 % in comparison to male progeny (p (lt) 0,05). Also, sire breed influenced (p (lt) 0,05 and p (lt) 0,01) pH, water binding capacity, softness and thickenss of muscle fibre, whereas the sex influenced (p (lt) 0,01) colour of musculus longissimus. Sire breed and sex had no influence on investigated chemical traits of m. longissimus (p>0,05).

Cilj rada je bio da se ispita uticaj rase oca (švedski landras i veliki jorkšir) i pola (ženski, muški kastrati) na kvalitet trupa i mesa svinja. Utvđena vrednost debljine slanine je bila najveća na grebenu (33,21 mm) a najtanja na krstima na sredini m. gluteusa medius (18,48 mm). Rasa oca je uticala (p (lt) 0,01) na debljinu slanine na sredini leđa dok je pol uticao (p (lt) 0,05) na debljinu slanine na grbenu. Mesnatost potomaka švedskog landrasa utvrđena parcijalnom disekcijom EU iznosi 52,91 % a po važećem Pravilniku 42,89 % i veća je u odnosu na potomake (ŠLxVJ) čiji su očevi rase veliki jorkšir. Utvrđena razlika udela mesa između rasa očeva primenom ova dva metoda iznosi 10,02 i 8,83 %. Veći udeo mesa (EU 53,20 %) imali su ženski potomci za 2,27 % u odnosu na muška (p (lt) 0,05). Takođe, rasa oca je uticala (p (lt) 0,05 i p (lt) 0,01) na pH, sposobnost vezivanja vode, mekoću i debljinu mišičnog vlakna dok je pol uticao (p (lt) 0,01) na boju m. longissimus dorsi. Rasa oca i pol nisu uticali na ispitivane hemijske osobine m. longissimus dorsi (p>0,05).