The effect of breed, sire and sex on the quality of carcass sides

Abstract

Investigation of quality variability of pig carcass was carried out on 1443 fatlings (gilts and barrows). They were progenies of 22 (Farm A) and 12 sires (Farm B), 5 breeds-crossbreds (Swedish Landrace, Large White, Duroc Hampshire, Duroc x Hampshire). Animals were fed with standardized feed mixture semi ad libitum. The quality of carcass sides was determined on the slaughter-line according to Regulation (1985). Investigation included following traits: weight of warm carcass (MTP, kg), meat in carcass sides (KMP, kg and SMP, %), total mass and ratio of leg+shoulder+loin (MFO, kg and UFO, %). Obtained results were processed using several models (Harvey, 1990) which included sire genotype, sire, sex progeny and mass of warm carcass (regression effect). All investigated traits varied under the influence of sire genotype (P (lt) 0.01) on farm B. The effect of sire genotype was significant (P (lt) 0.01) on KMP and SMP on the Farm A. All traits of carcass quality varied under the influence of sires. Gilts had higher KMP, SMP, MFO and UFO compared to male castrated heads. Difference in Total Breeding Value between best and worst boar was 10.41 (Farm A) and 11.24 index point (Farm B).

Ispitivanje uticaja genetskih i negenetskih faktora (genotip oca, otac i pol) na osobine kvaliteta polutki, obavljeno je u 1443 tovljenika koji su vodili poreklo od 5 genotipova očeva. Tovljenici su proizvedeni na dve farme svinja (farma A i B). Dobijeni podaci su obrađeni metodom najmanjih kvadrata (Harvey,1990). Prosečna masa toplih polutki tovljenika sa farme A i B je bila 85,78 i 82,59 kg. Genotip očeva uticao je (P (lt) 0,01) na variranje svih ispitivanih osobina potomaka na farmi B. Međutim, na farmi A genotip očeva nije uticao (P>0,05) na variranje dnevnog prirasta toplih polutki, ukupnu masu i udeo francuske obrade polutki. Ostale ispitivane osobine (DSL+DSK KMP i SMP) su varirale (P (lt) 0,01) između genotipova nerasta. Takodje, očevi su uticali na variranje osobina svojih potomaka. Nisu ustanovljena statistički značajna variranja samo osobine DPP između ženskih i muških kastriranih grla (P>0,05). Sve osobine kvaliteta trupa zavisile su od mase toplih polutki (P (lt) 0,01). Razlika UPV između najboljeg i najlošijeg nerasta na farmi A je bila 10,41 a na farmi B je bila 11,24 indeksnih poena.