TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cekić, Bogdan
AU  - Ružić-Muslić, Dragana
AU  - Maksimović, Nevena
AU  - Caro Petrović, Violeta
AU  - Zeljić Stojiljković, Krstina
AU  - Ćosić, Ivan
AU  - Beskorovajni, Radmila
PY  - 2021-12-30
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/778
AB  - Considering the fact that sheep production has an important role
in agriculture of Serbia, lamb performance is essential. Objective of the study was
to investigate effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on growth
performances in lambs of MIS breed. Animal data (birth date, birth type, sex, birth
weight -BW0, body weight after 30 days - BW30 and body weight after 90 days –
BW90) are gained from control of productive parameters maintained from 2011 to
2020. Research was conducted on the sample of 1592 lambs. Average daily gain
from birth to 30 days (ADG1), from 30 to 90 days (ADG2), and from birth until 90
days (ADG3), were calculated and included in analysis. Calendar year was divided
in four seasons, each season consists from 3 months: winter, spring, summer and
autumn. Average body weights (± standard deviation) at birth, after 30 and 90 days
were 4.41 kg (± 0.99), 14.11 kg (± 2.80), 24.05 kg (± 3.86), respectively. Average
daily gains were 319.87 g (± 74.97), 164.98 g (± 35.39) and 216.88 g (± 36.86) for
ADG1, ADG2 and ADG3, respectively. Lambing type and sex of the lambs
affected all of the observed traits very significantly (p < 0.01). Lambing year had
very significant effect (p < 0.01) on BW30, on ADG1 and ADG2, while lambing
season significantly (p < 0.05) affected BW90, ADG2 and ADG3.Based on the
results it can be concluded that birth type and sex had strongest effects in early
productive parameters of lambs.
AB  - S obzirom na to da ovčarstvo ima važnu ulogu u poljoprivredi Srbije,
produktivnost jagnjadi je od izuzetnog značaja. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita
uticaj godine, sezone jagnjenja, pola i tipa rođenja na produktivne parametre
jagnjadi MIS rase. Podaci o životinjama (datum rođenja, tip rođenja, pol, telesna
masa na rođenju -BW0, telesna masa posle 30 dana - BW30 i telesna masa nakon
90 dana - BW90) su dobijeni kontrolom proizvodnih parametara održanih od 2011.
do 2020. godine, na uzorku od 1592 jagnjadi. Prosečan dnevni prirast od rođenja
do 30 dana (ADG1), od 30 do 90 dana (ADG2), i od rođenja do 90 dana (ADG3),
izračunat je i uključen u analizu. Kalendarska godina je podeljena na četiri godišnja
doba (zima, proleće, leto i jesen), a svako godišnje doba sastoji se od 3 meseca.
Prosečna telesna masa (± standardna devijacija) pri rođenju, posle 30 i 90 dana bila
je 4,41 kg (± 0,99), 14,11 kg (± 2,80), 24,05 kg (± 3,86), redom. Prosečni dnevni
prirasti iznosili su 319,87 g (± 74,97), 164,98 g (± 35,39) i 216,88 g (± 36,86) za
ADG1, ADG2 i ADG3, redom. Tip rođenja i pol jagnjadi značajno su uticali na sve
ispitivane osobine (p < 0,01). Godina rođenja imala je veoma značajan uticaj (p <
0,01) na BW30, na ADG1 i ADG2, dok je sezona jagnjenja značajno (p < 0,05) uticala na BW90, ADG2 i ADG3. Na osnovu rezultata može se zaključiti da su tip i
pol rođenja imali najjače efekti u ranim produktivnim parametrima jagnjadi.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
T2  - Biotechnology in animal husbandry
T1  - Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on early performance in MIS lambs
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
SP  - 255
EP  - 262
DO  - 10.2298/BAH2104255C
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Cekić, Bogdan and Ružić-Muslić, Dragana and Maksimović, Nevena and Caro Petrović, Violeta and Zeljić Stojiljković, Krstina and Ćosić, Ivan and Beskorovajni, Radmila",
year = "2021-12-30",
abstract = "Considering the fact that sheep production has an important role
in agriculture of Serbia, lamb performance is essential. Objective of the study was
to investigate effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on growth
performances in lambs of MIS breed. Animal data (birth date, birth type, sex, birth
weight -BW0, body weight after 30 days - BW30 and body weight after 90 days –
BW90) are gained from control of productive parameters maintained from 2011 to
2020. Research was conducted on the sample of 1592 lambs. Average daily gain
from birth to 30 days (ADG1), from 30 to 90 days (ADG2), and from birth until 90
days (ADG3), were calculated and included in analysis. Calendar year was divided
in four seasons, each season consists from 3 months: winter, spring, summer and
autumn. Average body weights (± standard deviation) at birth, after 30 and 90 days
were 4.41 kg (± 0.99), 14.11 kg (± 2.80), 24.05 kg (± 3.86), respectively. Average
daily gains were 319.87 g (± 74.97), 164.98 g (± 35.39) and 216.88 g (± 36.86) for
ADG1, ADG2 and ADG3, respectively. Lambing type and sex of the lambs
affected all of the observed traits very significantly (p < 0.01). Lambing year had
very significant effect (p < 0.01) on BW30, on ADG1 and ADG2, while lambing
season significantly (p < 0.05) affected BW90, ADG2 and ADG3.Based on the
results it can be concluded that birth type and sex had strongest effects in early
productive parameters of lambs., S obzirom na to da ovčarstvo ima važnu ulogu u poljoprivredi Srbije,
produktivnost jagnjadi je od izuzetnog značaja. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita
uticaj godine, sezone jagnjenja, pola i tipa rođenja na produktivne parametre
jagnjadi MIS rase. Podaci o životinjama (datum rođenja, tip rođenja, pol, telesna
masa na rođenju -BW0, telesna masa posle 30 dana - BW30 i telesna masa nakon
90 dana - BW90) su dobijeni kontrolom proizvodnih parametara održanih od 2011.
do 2020. godine, na uzorku od 1592 jagnjadi. Prosečan dnevni prirast od rođenja
do 30 dana (ADG1), od 30 do 90 dana (ADG2), i od rođenja do 90 dana (ADG3),
izračunat je i uključen u analizu. Kalendarska godina je podeljena na četiri godišnja
doba (zima, proleće, leto i jesen), a svako godišnje doba sastoji se od 3 meseca.
Prosečna telesna masa (± standardna devijacija) pri rođenju, posle 30 i 90 dana bila
je 4,41 kg (± 0,99), 14,11 kg (± 2,80), 24,05 kg (± 3,86), redom. Prosečni dnevni
prirasti iznosili su 319,87 g (± 74,97), 164,98 g (± 35,39) i 216,88 g (± 36,86) za
ADG1, ADG2 i ADG3, redom. Tip rođenja i pol jagnjadi značajno su uticali na sve
ispitivane osobine (p < 0,01). Godina rođenja imala je veoma značajan uticaj (p <
0,01) na BW30, na ADG1 i ADG2, dok je sezona jagnjenja značajno (p < 0,05) uticala na BW90, ADG2 i ADG3. Na osnovu rezultata može se zaključiti da su tip i
pol rođenja imali najjače efekti u ranim produktivnim parametrima jagnjadi.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia",
journal = "Biotechnology in animal husbandry",
title = "Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on early performance in MIS lambs",
volume = "37",
number = "4",
pages = "255-262",
doi = "10.2298/BAH2104255C"
}

Cekić, B., Ružić-Muslić, D., Maksimović, N., Caro Petrović, V., Zeljić Stojiljković, K., Ćosić, I.,& Beskorovajni, R.. (2021-12-30). Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on early performance in MIS lambs. in Biotechnology in animal husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia., 37(4), 255-262.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH2104255C

Cekić B, Ružić-Muslić D, Maksimović N, Caro Petrović V, Zeljić Stojiljković K, Ćosić I, Beskorovajni R. Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on early performance in MIS lambs. in Biotechnology in animal husbandry. 2021;37(4):255-262.
doi:10.2298/BAH2104255C .

Cekić, Bogdan, Ružić-Muslić, Dragana, Maksimović, Nevena, Caro Petrović, Violeta, Zeljić Stojiljković, Krstina, Ćosić, Ivan, Beskorovajni, Radmila, "Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on early performance in MIS lambs" in Biotechnology in animal husbandry, 37, no. 4 (2021-12-30):255-262,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH2104255C . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Marinković, Miloš
AU  - Petričević, Maja
AU  - Stamenić, Tamara
AU  - Ćosić, Ivan
AU  - Beskorovajni, Radmila
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/720
AB  - The body weight of calves in the earliest period of their life (age
from 0 to 7 days) is under the greatest influence of the farm and the season of birth.
The farm manifests its influence most often through the conditions of nutrition and
housing and the organization of the technological production process, while the
influence of the birth season is manifested through microclimatic and nutritional
conditions, as well. The most common deficiencies related to the nutrition of
newborn calves are related to: inadequate colostrum supply in terms of quality,
quantity and time of colostrum intake, which is closely related to the organization
of the technological production process on the farm. Dietary deficiencies affect the
body weight of calves at birth and at 8 days of age. In a study conducted over a
year (4 seasons), the colostrum diet of newborn calves of the HF breed on two
farms (A and B) with a tied housing system was analyzed. Calves were fed
colostrum on both farms at intervals, usually up to 2 hours, less often up to 4 hours
after birth. The colostrum consumed came from the mother, most often, and less
often from the other cow, while on one of the farms it was also used frozen.
However, the amount of colostrum consumed was deficient, it was 1-2 l on farm A,
and 2.5 to 3 l on farm B. The occurence of a deficient diet or other deficiencies in
the diet of calves was indicated by the average body weight, measured at birth and
at the age of 8 days. On farm A, a lower average body weight of calves (37.95 and
39.68 kg) was recorded than on farm B (40.00 and 41.80 kg) by age categories,
respectively. The average body weight of calves was statistically significantly (p
<0.01) influenced by the farm and the season of birth, as well as their mutual
interaction, but the effect of the farm was more pronounced.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun
T2  - Biotechnology in animal husbandry
T1  - Effect of farm and birth season on calf body weight in the first week of life
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
SP  - 297
EP  - 307
DO  - doi.org/10.2298/BAH2003297S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Samolovac, Ljiljana and Marinković, Miloš and Petričević, Maja and Stamenić, Tamara and Ćosić, Ivan and Beskorovajni, Radmila and Stanković, Branislav",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The body weight of calves in the earliest period of their life (age
from 0 to 7 days) is under the greatest influence of the farm and the season of birth.
The farm manifests its influence most often through the conditions of nutrition and
housing and the organization of the technological production process, while the
influence of the birth season is manifested through microclimatic and nutritional
conditions, as well. The most common deficiencies related to the nutrition of
newborn calves are related to: inadequate colostrum supply in terms of quality,
quantity and time of colostrum intake, which is closely related to the organization
of the technological production process on the farm. Dietary deficiencies affect the
body weight of calves at birth and at 8 days of age. In a study conducted over a
year (4 seasons), the colostrum diet of newborn calves of the HF breed on two
farms (A and B) with a tied housing system was analyzed. Calves were fed
colostrum on both farms at intervals, usually up to 2 hours, less often up to 4 hours
after birth. The colostrum consumed came from the mother, most often, and less
often from the other cow, while on one of the farms it was also used frozen.
However, the amount of colostrum consumed was deficient, it was 1-2 l on farm A,
and 2.5 to 3 l on farm B. The occurence of a deficient diet or other deficiencies in
the diet of calves was indicated by the average body weight, measured at birth and
at the age of 8 days. On farm A, a lower average body weight of calves (37.95 and
39.68 kg) was recorded than on farm B (40.00 and 41.80 kg) by age categories,
respectively. The average body weight of calves was statistically significantly (p
<0.01) influenced by the farm and the season of birth, as well as their mutual
interaction, but the effect of the farm was more pronounced.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun",
journal = "Biotechnology in animal husbandry",
title = "Effect of farm and birth season on calf body weight in the first week of life",
volume = "36",
number = "3",
pages = "297-307",
doi = "doi.org/10.2298/BAH2003297S"
}

Samolovac, L., Marinković, M., Petričević, M., Stamenić, T., Ćosić, I., Beskorovajni, R.,& Stanković, B.. (2020). Effect of farm and birth season on calf body weight in the first week of life. in Biotechnology in animal husbandry
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun., 36(3), 297-307.
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.2298/BAH2003297S

Samolovac L, Marinković M, Petričević M, Stamenić T, Ćosić I, Beskorovajni R, Stanković B. Effect of farm and birth season on calf body weight in the first week of life. in Biotechnology in animal husbandry. 2020;36(3):297-307.
doi:doi.org/10.2298/BAH2003297S .

Samolovac, Ljiljana, Marinković, Miloš, Petričević, Maja, Stamenić, Tamara, Ćosić, Ivan, Beskorovajni, Radmila, Stanković, Branislav, "Effect of farm and birth season on calf body weight in the first week of life" in Biotechnology in animal husbandry, 36, no. 3 (2020):297-307,
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.2298/BAH2003297S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popovac, Mladen M.
AU  - Miletić, Aleksandar
AU  - Raguž, Nikola
AU  - Beskorovajni, Radmila
AU  - Stanojević, Dragan
AU  - Radivojević, Mihailo
AU  - Mićić, Nenad
AU  - Đurić, Nenad
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/728
AB  - Cilj rada bio je utvrditi varijabilnost, nasljednost i povezanost tri proizvodne osobine 1409 prvotelki holštajn-frizijske pasmine; količina mlijeka tijekom laktacije (ML), količina mliječne masti tijekom laktacije (MM) i količina proteina tijekom laktacije (PR). Sukladno postavljenom cilju utvrđeno je da ML, MM i PR statistički značajno variraju (P<0,01, P<0,05, P<0,001) pod utjecajem sezone prvog teljenja i dužine trajanja prve laktacije. Također, ML i PR statistički su značajno varirali (P<0,01, P<0,001) pod utjecajem farme na kojoj su životinje uzgajane, dok su na varijabilnost MM signifikantan utjecaj (P<0.05) imali godina i starost prilikom prvog teljenja. Udio holstein gena i obrok koji su životinje dobivale nisu utjecali (P>0,05) na varijabilnost niti jedne od ispitivanih osobina, dok farma na kojoj su životinje uzgajane nije utjecala (P>0,05) na MM, a godina i starost prilikom prvog teljenja nisu imali (P>0,05)
statistički značajan utjecaj na ML i PR. Koristeći model životinje, zasnovan na upotrebi matrice srodstva koja je sadržavala 3867 životinja, REML metodologijom ocijenjeni su koeficijenti heritabiliteta za: ML h2 = 0,25; MM h2 = 0,40; PR h2 = 0,37. Utvrđeni koeficijenti genetskih i fenotipskih korelacija ukazivali su na potpunu i pozitivnu povezanost između ovih osobina, s intervalom vrijednosti od rg = 0,96 između ML i MM do rg = 1,00 između ML i PR.
AB  - The objective of this paper was to study variability, heritability and correlation of the three production traits in 1409 first-calf heifers of Holstein-Friesian breed; including the determination of the quantity of milk during lactation (ML), the quantity of milk fat during lactation (MM) and the quantity of protein during lactation (PR). According to the obtained results it could be concluded that there were statistically significant differences (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001) between ML, MM and PR regarding the effect of season of the first calving and the length of the first lactation. In addition, there were also significant differences (P<0.01, P<0.001) between ML and PR with respect to the effect of farm on which animals were raised, while on MM variability the year and age at first calving had a significant effect (P<0.05). A share of Holstein genes and the ration which animals were fed had no effect (P>0.05) on variability of
any of the examined traits, while the farm on which animals were raised had no effect (P>0.05) on MM, and year and age at first calving did not demonstrate (P>0.05) statistically significant effect on ML and PR. By applying the animal model, based on the use of kinship matrix which involved 3867 animals, by help of REML methodology following heritability coefficients were evaluated: ML h2 = 0.25; MM h2 = 0.40; PR h2 = 0.37. Coefficients determined for genetic and phenotypic correlations indicated existence of complete and positive correlations between these traits the interval of values being from rg = 0.96 between ML and MM to rg = 1.00 between ML and PR.
T2  - Mljekarstvo
T1  - Phenotypic and genetic parameters of milk yield traits in first-calf heifers of Holstein-Friesian breed
VL  - 70
IS  - 2
SP  - 93
EP  - 102
DO  - 10.15567/mljekarstvo.2020.0203
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popovac, Mladen M. and Miletić, Aleksandar and Raguž, Nikola and Beskorovajni, Radmila and Stanojević, Dragan and Radivojević, Mihailo and Mićić, Nenad and Đurić, Nenad",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Cilj rada bio je utvrditi varijabilnost, nasljednost i povezanost tri proizvodne osobine 1409 prvotelki holštajn-frizijske pasmine; količina mlijeka tijekom laktacije (ML), količina mliječne masti tijekom laktacije (MM) i količina proteina tijekom laktacije (PR). Sukladno postavljenom cilju utvrđeno je da ML, MM i PR statistički značajno variraju (P<0,01, P<0,05, P<0,001) pod utjecajem sezone prvog teljenja i dužine trajanja prve laktacije. Također, ML i PR statistički su značajno varirali (P<0,01, P<0,001) pod utjecajem farme na kojoj su životinje uzgajane, dok su na varijabilnost MM signifikantan utjecaj (P<0.05) imali godina i starost prilikom prvog teljenja. Udio holstein gena i obrok koji su životinje dobivale nisu utjecali (P>0,05) na varijabilnost niti jedne od ispitivanih osobina, dok farma na kojoj su životinje uzgajane nije utjecala (P>0,05) na MM, a godina i starost prilikom prvog teljenja nisu imali (P>0,05)
statistički značajan utjecaj na ML i PR. Koristeći model životinje, zasnovan na upotrebi matrice srodstva koja je sadržavala 3867 životinja, REML metodologijom ocijenjeni su koeficijenti heritabiliteta za: ML h2 = 0,25; MM h2 = 0,40; PR h2 = 0,37. Utvrđeni koeficijenti genetskih i fenotipskih korelacija ukazivali su na potpunu i pozitivnu povezanost između ovih osobina, s intervalom vrijednosti od rg = 0,96 između ML i MM do rg = 1,00 između ML i PR., The objective of this paper was to study variability, heritability and correlation of the three production traits in 1409 first-calf heifers of Holstein-Friesian breed; including the determination of the quantity of milk during lactation (ML), the quantity of milk fat during lactation (MM) and the quantity of protein during lactation (PR). According to the obtained results it could be concluded that there were statistically significant differences (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001) between ML, MM and PR regarding the effect of season of the first calving and the length of the first lactation. In addition, there were also significant differences (P<0.01, P<0.001) between ML and PR with respect to the effect of farm on which animals were raised, while on MM variability the year and age at first calving had a significant effect (P<0.05). A share of Holstein genes and the ration which animals were fed had no effect (P>0.05) on variability of
any of the examined traits, while the farm on which animals were raised had no effect (P>0.05) on MM, and year and age at first calving did not demonstrate (P>0.05) statistically significant effect on ML and PR. By applying the animal model, based on the use of kinship matrix which involved 3867 animals, by help of REML methodology following heritability coefficients were evaluated: ML h2 = 0.25; MM h2 = 0.40; PR h2 = 0.37. Coefficients determined for genetic and phenotypic correlations indicated existence of complete and positive correlations between these traits the interval of values being from rg = 0.96 between ML and MM to rg = 1.00 between ML and PR.",
journal = "Mljekarstvo",
title = "Phenotypic and genetic parameters of milk yield traits in first-calf heifers of Holstein-Friesian breed",
volume = "70",
number = "2",
pages = "93-102",
doi = "10.15567/mljekarstvo.2020.0203"
}

Popovac, M. M., Miletić, A., Raguž, N., Beskorovajni, R., Stanojević, D., Radivojević, M., Mićić, N.,& Đurić, N.. (2020). Phenotypic and genetic parameters of milk yield traits in first-calf heifers of Holstein-Friesian breed. in Mljekarstvo, 70(2), 93-102.
https://doi.org/10.15567/mljekarstvo.2020.0203

Popovac MM, Miletić A, Raguž N, Beskorovajni R, Stanojević D, Radivojević M, Mićić N, Đurić N. Phenotypic and genetic parameters of milk yield traits in first-calf heifers of Holstein-Friesian breed. in Mljekarstvo. 2020;70(2):93-102.
doi:10.15567/mljekarstvo.2020.0203 .

Popovac, Mladen M., Miletić, Aleksandar, Raguž, Nikola, Beskorovajni, Radmila, Stanojević, Dragan, Radivojević, Mihailo, Mićić, Nenad, Đurić, Nenad, "Phenotypic and genetic parameters of milk yield traits in first-calf heifers of Holstein-Friesian breed" in Mljekarstvo, 70, no. 2 (2020):93-102,
https://doi.org/10.15567/mljekarstvo.2020.0203 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samolovac, Ljiljana
AU  - Hristov, Slavča
AU  - Stanković, Branislav
AU  - Beskorovajni, Radmila
PY  - 2018-11-23
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/916
AB  - The manifestation of various forms of behavioural disorder in calves up to 30 days old was monitored on two farms for a year during four seasons in one year. On both farms calves were separated from mothers immediately after birth. On the farm A calves were tied in the first week of life, while at the farm B they were kept in individual boxes. 
The following forms of behavioural disorder have been reported: apathy, twisting of the tongue, licking of the substrate and intersucking, while the appearance of aggression between calves has not been recorded.
Apathy was recorded in 16.28% of calves at farm A, most commonly in the age of 0-7 and 15 days, and in 84 calves (14.69%) at farm B, most often in the period immediately after birth. The occurrence of tongue twisting was recorded in 0.50% calves at farm A (2 at the age of 22 days and 1 at the age of 30), while no cases were reported at farm B. Calves were more susceptible to the licking of substrates (walls, fences, truncheons and other equipment) on both farms, since this phenomenon was observed in 8.89% of calves at farm A and 8.39% of calves at farm B at different ages; most often at the age of 30 days at Farm A, and at the age of 22 days at Farm B, while in the youngest age was the most common occurrence of this form of behaviour. Also, during the examined period on both farms there was a phenomenon of mutual calves sucking, 2.35% of calves at farm A, most often at the age of 22 days and 3.32% of calves at farm B, most often at the age of 8 and 22 days. The occurrence of the behavioral disorders in calves was the most frequent during the winter period, and the least frequent during autumn.
The observed behavioural disorders indicate poor welfare quality. It is thought to have been caused by failures in the technology of keeping and accommodation, as well as early separation of calves from mothers. They are caused by disabling calves to satisfy basic physiological needs in behaviour and contact with other animals or as a result of exposure to pain, fear and stress.
T2  - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun
T1  - Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life
SP  - 227
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Samolovac, Ljiljana and Hristov, Slavča and Stanković, Branislav and Beskorovajni, Radmila",
year = "2018-11-23",
abstract = "The manifestation of various forms of behavioural disorder in calves up to 30 days old was monitored on two farms for a year during four seasons in one year. On both farms calves were separated from mothers immediately after birth. On the farm A calves were tied in the first week of life, while at the farm B they were kept in individual boxes. 
The following forms of behavioural disorder have been reported: apathy, twisting of the tongue, licking of the substrate and intersucking, while the appearance of aggression between calves has not been recorded.
Apathy was recorded in 16.28% of calves at farm A, most commonly in the age of 0-7 and 15 days, and in 84 calves (14.69%) at farm B, most often in the period immediately after birth. The occurrence of tongue twisting was recorded in 0.50% calves at farm A (2 at the age of 22 days and 1 at the age of 30), while no cases were reported at farm B. Calves were more susceptible to the licking of substrates (walls, fences, truncheons and other equipment) on both farms, since this phenomenon was observed in 8.89% of calves at farm A and 8.39% of calves at farm B at different ages; most often at the age of 30 days at Farm A, and at the age of 22 days at Farm B, while in the youngest age was the most common occurrence of this form of behaviour. Also, during the examined period on both farms there was a phenomenon of mutual calves sucking, 2.35% of calves at farm A, most often at the age of 22 days and 3.32% of calves at farm B, most often at the age of 8 and 22 days. The occurrence of the behavioral disorders in calves was the most frequent during the winter period, and the least frequent during autumn.
The observed behavioural disorders indicate poor welfare quality. It is thought to have been caused by failures in the technology of keeping and accommodation, as well as early separation of calves from mothers. They are caused by disabling calves to satisfy basic physiological needs in behaviour and contact with other animals or as a result of exposure to pain, fear and stress.",
journal = "Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun",
title = "Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life",
pages = "227",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916"
}

Samolovac, L., Hristov, S., Stanković, B.,& Beskorovajni, R.. (2018-11-23). Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life. in Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun, 227.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916

Samolovac L, Hristov S, Stanković B, Beskorovajni R. Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life. in Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun. 2018;:227.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916 .

Samolovac, Ljiljana, Hristov, Slavča, Stanković, Branislav, Beskorovajni, Radmila, "Frequency of behavioural disorders of calves in the first month of life" in Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd-Zemun (2018-11-23):227,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_916 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Novaković, Željko
AU  - Krnjaja, Vesna
AU  - Ostojić Andrić, Dušica
AU  - Pantelić, Vlada
AU  - Beskorovajni, Radmila
AU  - Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra
AU  - Popović, Nikola
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://r.istocar.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/695
AB  - Whole-plant corn silage is a starting point for economical and modern animal husbandry. It is a quality green feed replacement and the most important cattle feed. The quality of whole-plant corn silage is of great importance in milk production. Continuous monitoring of silage quality is an important part of feeding programmes. The aim of this study was to use chemical and microbiological analyses to determine the quality of whole-plant corn silage produced on family farms. The analysed samples contained, on average, 66.37% moisture (58.79-72.01%), 33.63% dry matter (27.99-41.21%), 2.07% crude protein (1.07-3.06%), 1.26% crude fat (0.72 -1.84%) and 8.09% crude cellulose (5.72-9.98%). The average pH value, taken as an indicator of the quality of fermentation, was 3.90 (3.50-4.16). Total volatile fatty acid comprised 1.87% (0.67-2.47%) lactic acid, 0.68% acetic acid (12.20-1.52%) and 0.02% (0-0.27%) butyric acid. The average proportions of lactic, acetic and butyric acids in the silage were 72.80% (33.3-88.81%), 26.45% (9.35-66.67%) and 0.75% (0-10.16%). The authors determined silage quality using the Flieg score. The samples from 12 farms were graded as very good, while the silage from the other farms was evaluated as good (4 farms) and satisfactory (2 farms). The analysis of microbiological quality showed that the samples on average contained 405,556 (10,000-3,000,000) of silage bacteria and 7,000 (0-80,000) of mould. Sulphate-reducing Clostridia and Salmonella were not identified. The samples matched quality requirements prescribed by the rulebook.
PB  - Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun
C3  - Proceedings of the 4th International Congress "New Perspectives and Challenges of Sustainable Livestock Production", Belgrade, Serbia, October 7-9, 2015
T1  - QUALITY OF WHOLE-PLANT CORN SILAGE ON FAMILY FARMS
SP  - 718
EP  - 728
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_695
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Novaković, Željko and Krnjaja, Vesna and Ostojić Andrić, Dušica and Pantelić, Vlada and Beskorovajni, Radmila and Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra and Popović, Nikola",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Whole-plant corn silage is a starting point for economical and modern animal husbandry. It is a quality green feed replacement and the most important cattle feed. The quality of whole-plant corn silage is of great importance in milk production. Continuous monitoring of silage quality is an important part of feeding programmes. The aim of this study was to use chemical and microbiological analyses to determine the quality of whole-plant corn silage produced on family farms. The analysed samples contained, on average, 66.37% moisture (58.79-72.01%), 33.63% dry matter (27.99-41.21%), 2.07% crude protein (1.07-3.06%), 1.26% crude fat (0.72 -1.84%) and 8.09% crude cellulose (5.72-9.98%). The average pH value, taken as an indicator of the quality of fermentation, was 3.90 (3.50-4.16). Total volatile fatty acid comprised 1.87% (0.67-2.47%) lactic acid, 0.68% acetic acid (12.20-1.52%) and 0.02% (0-0.27%) butyric acid. The average proportions of lactic, acetic and butyric acids in the silage were 72.80% (33.3-88.81%), 26.45% (9.35-66.67%) and 0.75% (0-10.16%). The authors determined silage quality using the Flieg score. The samples from 12 farms were graded as very good, while the silage from the other farms was evaluated as good (4 farms) and satisfactory (2 farms). The analysis of microbiological quality showed that the samples on average contained 405,556 (10,000-3,000,000) of silage bacteria and 7,000 (0-80,000) of mould. Sulphate-reducing Clostridia and Salmonella were not identified. The samples matched quality requirements prescribed by the rulebook.",
publisher = "Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun",
journal = "Proceedings of the 4th International Congress "New Perspectives and Challenges of Sustainable Livestock Production", Belgrade, Serbia, October 7-9, 2015",
title = "QUALITY OF WHOLE-PLANT CORN SILAGE ON FAMILY FARMS",
pages = "718-728",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_695"
}

Novaković, Ž., Krnjaja, V., Ostojić Andrić, D., Pantelić, V., Beskorovajni, R., Bočarov-Stančić, A.,& Popović, N.. (2015). QUALITY OF WHOLE-PLANT CORN SILAGE ON FAMILY FARMS. in Proceedings of the 4th International Congress "New Perspectives and Challenges of Sustainable Livestock Production", Belgrade, Serbia, October 7-9, 2015
Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun., 718-728.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_695

Novaković Ž, Krnjaja V, Ostojić Andrić D, Pantelić V, Beskorovajni R, Bočarov-Stančić A, Popović N. QUALITY OF WHOLE-PLANT CORN SILAGE ON FAMILY FARMS. in Proceedings of the 4th International Congress "New Perspectives and Challenges of Sustainable Livestock Production", Belgrade, Serbia, October 7-9, 2015. 2015;:718-728.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_695 .

Novaković, Željko, Krnjaja, Vesna, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, Pantelić, Vlada, Beskorovajni, Radmila, Bočarov-Stančić, Aleksandra, Popović, Nikola, "QUALITY OF WHOLE-PLANT CORN SILAGE ON FAMILY FARMS" in Proceedings of the 4th International Congress "New Perspectives and Challenges of Sustainable Livestock Production", Belgrade, Serbia, October 7-9, 2015 (2015):718-728,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ristocar_695 .